Nd:YAG激光+CMT电弧复合热源横焊工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响

以304不锈钢为对象,借助焊缝成形参数来评价YAG激光+CMT电弧复合热源横焊焊缝的成形特征,研究了Nd:YAG激光+CMT复合热源横焊过程中焊接工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响.结果表明,在CMT电弧焊接中加入激光可以改善横焊焊缝成形;在激光能量和焊接电流一定时,光丝间距存在一个最佳匹配,使得Nd:YAG激光+CMT复合热源横焊焊缝成形良好;与其它复合热源焊接相对比激光功率对熔深影响较大,对横焊焊缝成形的影响程度与焊接电流有关;焊接速度对横焊焊缝成形影响显著;离焦量对横焊焊缝成形影响较小;电弧功率对横焊焊缝的偏离度影响显著.     

其它焊接方法

5A02／Q235钢Nd：YAG激光·脉冲MIG复合热源熔-钎连接;激光-TIG复合热源焊接参数对镁／钢异种材料焊接接头的影响;激光-电弧复合焊接咬边缺陷分析及抑制方法; 激光＋GMAW复合热源焊焊缝成形的数值模拟——Ⅱ．组合式体积热源的作用模型     

激光-TIG复合焊接镁合金AZ31B焊接工艺

以变形镁合金AZ3lB为主要研究对象,研究激光-TIG复合热源焊接镁合金工艺特点,利用正交试验分析焊接规范对焊缝成型的影响。试验结果表明,激光束的存在增强了镁台金高速焊接时电弧的稳定性,增大了焊缝的熔深。在最佳的工艺条件下镁合金焊缝成型良好．无气孔、裂纹等缺陷,焊接接头抗拉强度与母材强度相当,表明激光-TIG复合热源焊接是一种理想的镁合金焊接新工艺。     

金属夹芯结构制造中的T型接头Stake焊接方法研究

T型接头的Stake焊接方法是实现金属夹芯板焊接制造的关键技术之一.为了论证焊接制造金属夹芯板的可行性,本文通过实验对比研究了在单一激光、TIG电弧和激光-TIG电弧复合等三种焊接工艺下,钛合金薄板T型接头Stake焊接焊缝成形特点及影响因素.结果表明,激光-TIG电弧焊是实现钛合金薄板T型接头Stake焊接的理想工艺,在焊缝组织、焊接效率、焊缝成形、间隙适应性等方面比单一激光或TIG焊接工艺有明显的优势,可以应用于金属夹芯板的焊接制造.     

Nd:YAG激光+脉冲MAG电弧复合热源规范参数对平板堆焊焊缝表面成形的影响

利用余高-熔宽比表示焊缝表面铺展性并与焊缝余高一起作为参数来评价复合热源平板堆焊焊缝的表面成形,通过试验研究了Nd：YAG激光＋脉冲MAG复合热源堆焊过程中焊接规范参数对复合热源平板堆焊焊缝表面成形的影响并分析了激光对复合热源堆焊焊缝表面成形的影响.研究结果表明,在电弧功率变化过程中,随着激光功率的增大,其对平板堆焊焊缝表面成形的影响也逐渐增大;焊接速度变化过程中,激光束能量的加入不仅改善堆焊焊缝表面成形还极大地提高了焊接速度;而在光丝间距和离焦量变化过程中,激光束对复合热源平板堆焊焊缝表面成形的影响很小.     

Nd:YAG激光+CMT电弧复合热源横焊工艺参数对焊缝形貌的影响

以304不锈钢为对象,借助横焊焊缝横断面图像来分析Nd:YAG激光+CMT电弧复合热源横焊焊缝横断面的成形特征,研究了Nd:YAG激光+CMT电弧复合热源横焊过程中焊接工艺参数对焊缝横断面形貌的影响.结果表明,在Nd:YAG激光+CMT电弧复合热源横焊中,焊接工艺参数对横焊焊缝横断面形貌的影响显著;Nd:YAG激光加入CMT电弧焊中明显提高了复合焊缝以及复合焊中CMT焊缝的熔深;采取适当的焊接工艺参数(小的光丝间距、大的激光功率、小的焊接速度、适合的离焦量以及小的或大的CMT功率)可以避免熔池机械式叠加和焊缝横断面错位现象,使得焊缝成形良好.     

其它焊接方法

5A02／Q235钢Nd：YAG激光·脉冲MIG复合热源熔-钎连接;激光-TIG复合热源焊接参数对镁／钢异种材料焊接接头的影响;激光-电弧复合焊接咬边缺陷分析及抑制方法; 激光＋GMAW复合热源焊焊缝成形的数值模拟——Ⅱ．组合式体积热源的作用模型     

低功率YAG激光-MAG电弧复合焊接不锈钢

以0Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢钢板为试验材料,研究了低功率脉冲YAG激光-脉冲MAG电弧复合热源和单脉冲MAG焊接不锈钢.结果表明,低功率脉冲YAG激光-脉冲MAG电弧复合热源同样具有大功率激光-电弧复合焊接才有的增加熔深、提高焊接速度、稳定焊接过程等优点;低功率脉冲YAG激光的加入改变了电弧形态,电弧根部被吸引和压缩现象显著,提高了能量利用率;与单脉冲MAG堆焊相比,在相同焊接速度下复合焊最大能增加熔深1.3倍,在相同熔深下复合焊的焊接速度可以提高50%;复合焊焊缝的晶粒较单MAG焊缝中的晶粒细小,其焊缝抗拉强度比单MAG的好,断裂属于延性断裂.     

TA15钛合金激光-电弧复合热源焊接工艺优化

利用Nd:YAG脉冲激光-TIG复合热源对厚2.5 mm TA15钛合金进行对接焊工艺试验。为了对焊接接头力学性能进行控制,本文以焊缝的最大抗拉强度作为评价焊接质量的品质特性,对影响焊接质量的四项工艺参数(激光功率、电弧功率、DLA、焊接速度)利用田口法进行优化设计。通过信噪比分析,获得最优参数水平组合,同时进行方差分析,结果表明:激光功率和焊接速度对焊接质量的影响最为显著,优化后工艺参数对试板进行焊接,发现增加了22%激光功率的复合热源焊接熔化能量是电弧焊的2.4倍,获得的焊缝成形质量连续、美观,且静拉伸断口位于母材处,说明接头力学性能可靠。     

镁合金AZ31B的激光-TIG复合热源缝焊工艺

以AZ31B变形镁合金为主要对象,研究了其激光-TIG复合热源缝焊工艺特点,探讨了缝焊表面成形、缝焊熔深的影响因素以及缝焊缝的抗剪强度变化规律。结果表明,激光-TIG复合缝焊的焊缝为明显的“图钉型”形貌,上部分为TIG电弧焊接成形,下部分为典型的激光焊接成形。镁合金复合热源缝焊具有焊接速度高、焊缝成形美观、焊接参数范围较宽等特点,接头抗剪强度较高,是一种优良的焊接方式。     

铝合金双光束/单光束激光-TIG复合焊

针对4mm厚5A06铝合金,分析了双光束光纤激光-TIG复合焊的焊缝成形特点、气孔率、匙孔动态特征及接头力学性能,并与单光束光纤激光-TIG复合焊对比。结果表明,在获得相同焊缝背面熔宽条件下,与单光束激光-TIG复合焊相比,双光束激光-TIG复合焊的焊缝背面成型连续性、均匀性更优且熔宽波动较小,焊缝气孔率降低50%以上,激光匙孔开口面积平均值更大,波动变异系数更小;双光束激光-TIG复合焊接头抗拉强度、断后伸长率、显微硬度、组织与单光束激光-TIG复合焊结果差别不大。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B welded by laser-TIG hybrid

The laser-TIG hybrid welding was mainly used to weld the wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B. The tech-nical characteristics of laser-TIG hybrid welding process was investigated and the interactional mechanism between laser and arc was discussed, at the same time the microstructure and mechanical properties of the wrought magnesi-um alloy AZ31B using laser-TIG hybrid welding were analyzed by optical microscope, EPMA, SEM, tensile ma-chine, hardness machine. The experimental results show that the presence of laser beam boosts up the stability of the arc during high speed welding and augments the penetration of weld； the crystal grains of magnesium alloy weld are fine without porosity and cracks in the best welding criterion and the microstructure of HAZ does not become coarse obviously. The elements profile analysis reveals that Mg content in the weld is lower than that of the base metal, but Al content is higher slightly. Under this experimental condition, the wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B joint can be achieved using laser-TIG hybrid process and the tensile strength of the joint is equivalent to that of the base metal.     

Effect of relative location of laser beam and TIG arc in different hybrid welding modes

Abstract

The laser leading hybrid welding mode [laser tungsten inert gas (laser-TIG)] and TIG leading hybrid welding mode (TIG-laser) were utilised in the magnesium alloy welding process. The effects of TIG arc current and the distance between laser beam and TIG electrode (Dla) on penetration depth and melting efficiency in different hybrid welding modes were investigated. Results reveal that there is a decided difference in variation trend of penetration depth with Dla in different welding modes. The penetration depth increases first and then decreases with the Dla increasing from 1 to 7 mm in TIG-laser hybrid welding mode while the penetration depth decreases monotonously with Dla in laser-TIG hybrid welding mode. The increase percentage of melting efficiency remains at ～20% in laser-TIG hybrid welding mode while the increase percentage fluctuates acutely and achieves the maximal value (～53·14%) at the arc current of 120 A in TIG-laser hybrid welding mode.     

Welding characteristics in different laser-TIG hybrid manners

An experiment for determining the laser-TIG hybrid welding characteristics was carried oat in three kinds of hybrid methods: CO2 laser-TIG coaxial hybrid, CO2 laser-TIG paraxial hybrid and Nd: YAG laser-TIG paraxial hybrid. The experimental results indicate that hybrid welding has two welding mechanisms in CO2 laser-TIG hybrid welding: deep penetration welding and heat conduction welding. As the effect of the laser-induced keyhole, the arc root is condensed, the current density and penetration depth increase significantly, the welding characteristic is apt to deep penetration welding.When current increases to some degree, the keyhole induced by laser disappears, which produces a shallow penetration and wide bead. The weld exhibits heat conduction welding characteristics. Furthermore, the arc images and weld bead crosssections of three kinds of hybrid manners were also compared and analyzed at different welding currents, which established the foundation for understanding the welding characteristics of laser-TIG hybrid welding comprehensively.     

镁铝异种金属激光-TIG复合热源焊焊接性分析

采用激光-TIG复合热源和TIG焊接异种金属镁和铝，利用X射线衍射仪、金相显微镜和扫描电镜研究镁和铝焊接接头的微观组织、元素分布。结果表明，TIG焊接镁和铝形成连续的金属间化合物层，导致镁和铝接触的界面开裂，不能实现有效的连接。激光-TIG复合热源由于其焊接速度高和对熔池的快速搅拌作用，使镁和铝形成的金属间化合物由连续的层状变成弥散的状态，改善了异种金属镁和铝的焊接性。镁和铝激光-TIG复合热源焊接的焊缝成形均匀，美观。     

Novel hybrid method： pulse CO2 laser-TIG hybrid welding by coordinated control

0IntroductionRecently,laser-arc hybrid welding,as a rising spe-cial manufacture technology,has attracted more and moreinterest and attentions of some researchers and weldingcompanies.But,concerning laser-TIG hybrid welding,most of the research in this area mainly focused on contin-uous wave laser-TIG arc hybrid welding[1-3].In previousworks,because of the absorption and defocusing of laserenergy by hybrid arc plasma,the energy loss of laser wasvery serious when laser traversed arc in continu…     

钛合金激光-TIG复合焊接保护状态对焊缝成形及性能影响

用激光-TIG复合热源对2.5 mm厚TA15钛合金进行对接焊试验.利用万能力学拉伸机、红外热成像仪、电子探针（EPMA）、扫描电镜（SEM）等分析手段对焊接接头进行测试分析,并与单TIG焊进行对比.分析焊接工艺参数和接头保护时间对焊接接头形貌和性能的影响.结果表明,实现2.5 mm厚钛合金全熔透焊接时,激光-TIG复合焊比单TIG焊速度更快、热输入更低,焊缝和热影响区更窄,晶粒更细;相同保护条件下,激光-TIG复合焊接头比单TIG焊接头具有更高的强度、塑性和更好的疲劳性能;激光-TIG复合焊缝冷却速率高于单TIG焊,获得良好的保护状态时所需保护时间更短.     

CO_2激光与TIG复合焊接铝合金

以铝合金2A12为主要研究对象,研究CO2激光与TIG复合热源焊接铝合金的工艺特点,设计制造了双焦点激光-电弧复合焊接头,讨论了影响复合焊接的各工艺参数。结果表明:影响复合焊接过程的主要工艺参数有激光功率、焊接速度、焊接电流、激光焦点位置以及两热源之间的距离等,并且在比较宽的参数范围内CO2激光与TIG复合焊接铝合金焊缝成形美观、无气孔等缺陷,焊速显著提高,是一种理想的焊接工艺。     

低功率激光-双电弧焊接钛合金中厚板工艺及机理

采用单钨极惰性气体保护焊(single tungsten inert gas welding,STIG焊)、双钨极惰性气体保护焊(double tungsten inert gas welding,DTIG焊)、激光-STIG电弧(L-STIG)复合焊和激光-DTIG电弧(L-DTIG)复合焊4种方式对6 mm 厚TA2钛合金进行对接焊试验,实现单面焊双面成形. 结果表明,L-DTIG复合焊的电弧能量更为集中,焊接速度可达680 mm/min. L-DTIG复合焊的热输入为605.5 J/mm,仅是DTIG焊的35.5%和L-STIG复合焊的59.0%. L-DTIG复合焊接头的焊缝区晶粒细小,显微硬度可达229.5 HV. 拉伸试样在母材处断裂,接头抗拉强度优于母材. 加入激光后,L-DTIG复合焊的电弧等离子体中心导电区在xOz和yOz平面电弧分别收缩51.0%,45.5%,电弧根部收缩75.0%. 测得L-DTIG复合焊热源在工件上的电弧压力为3 465 Pa,分别是DTIG焊和L-STIG复合焊的4.17和2.25倍. 较高的电弧收缩比和电弧压力可显著提高焊接效率,降低焊接热输入.     

不锈钢高频复合双钨极氩弧焊接工艺方法

针对双钨极TIG焊存在的电弧压力小、焊缝熔深浅等问题,提出了一种新型焊接工艺方法——高频复合双钨极TIG焊(high frequency hybrid twin-electrode TIG welding, HFHT-TIG焊),在双钨极氩弧焊的一个钨极上通以高频脉冲电流,达到提高电弧压力和挺度、搅拌熔池、细化晶粒、改善接头组织和力学性能的目的. 采用HFHT-TIG焊进行了6 mm厚奥氏体不锈钢焊接工艺试验,并与双钨极TIG焊接头进行对比. 结果表明,HFHT-TIG焊能够显著提高电弧挺度和电弧压力,焊缝表面成形更佳,横截面对称性更好,焊缝区的树枝晶组织更加细小,断口韧窝更加均匀和细密,接头的抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别提高了12.1%和30.2%.