阵列电极技术在腐蚀领域的应用进展

阵列电极是由一系列规则排列的微电极阵列组成的复合电极,可以实现传统电化学测量中对大面积电极的统计平均信号的获取,而且可以给出电极微区的电位和电流大小和分布信息,从而准确表征电极表面的电化学不均匀性。本文就阵列电极技术在腐蚀领域的应用进展,及其优势与不足进行了总结,并对该技术的发展前景进行了展望。     

微细阵列群电极电解加工关键技术研究

提出了基于阴极优化的微细阵列圆柱凸台群电极电化学腐蚀加工法。根据电化学腐蚀基本原理,通过有限元方法分析计算群电极电化学腐蚀加工过程中的电极表面电场分布,以电流密度分布均匀性为目标,优化设计阴极形状,并进行阵列群电极制备。在制备出直径均匀的阵列群电极的基础上,探索用局部涂胶保护法制备大长径比的盘状阵列群电极,用于微细孔电解加工,进一步提高电解加工的定域性。     

丝束电极技术在局部腐蚀研究中的应用

近年来,丝束电极技术作为一种新型电化学测试技术得到快速发展。本文介绍了丝束电极技术的工作原理及其测控技术,重点阐述了该技术在局部腐蚀电化学研究中的应用,并展望了其未来的发展方向。     

短期贮存对金属铜腐蚀电化学行为的影响

采用动电位极化(PDS)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、电容测量以及阵列电极等技术研究了Cu的短期贮存对其腐蚀电化学行为的影响。结果表明,金属Cu表面膜呈现p型半导体结构,经过短期贮存后载流子浓度减小,腐蚀电位正移,腐蚀电流密度下降,表面膜对腐蚀阴极过程、阳极过程均有抑制作用。Cu在NaCl液滴下呈现典型的局部腐蚀特征;经过贮存后,电极表面润湿性减弱,腐蚀活性降低,总体平均腐蚀强度减弱,但是局部腐蚀强度反而增强。     

阵列电极法测量聚合物／金属界面电位分布

提出一种微计算机控制的阵列电极技术,用于原位测量金属/聚合物界面电位分布。阵列电极由64根金属丝组成,它们相互绝缘、紧密排列,形成8×8阵列电极。由此可研究有关腐蚀物质如O_2、H_2O等在聚合物涂层中的传输过程,研究聚合物涂层的不均一性及缺陷分布以及研究聚合物/金属界面的腐蚀破坏的电化学机理。     

X70管线钢在热带海水-海泥跃变区的腐蚀行为研究

利用阵列电极技术、线性极化和电化学阻抗等电化学分析技术及腐蚀形貌观察和腐蚀产物物相分析,研究了X70管线钢在海水-海泥跃变区中的腐蚀行为与规律。结果表明,X70管线钢在海水-海泥跃变区形成宏观氧浓差电池,海泥区域及近海水-海泥界面的海水区域为电偶腐蚀阳极区域,海水区域为电偶腐蚀阴极区域;腐蚀后期阶段,海泥下部的电极变为阴极,成为主要的阴极反应区域。海水中的电极腐蚀速率大于海泥中的,而在近海水-海泥界面的区域形成了腐蚀电流峰。海水中高含量的溶解氧促进了电极表面腐蚀产物层的致密化,电荷转移电阻增大;在腐蚀后期,海泥底部硫酸盐还原菌参与了腐蚀反应,生成了硫化物,导致阴极电流密度增大,加快了整个电极的腐蚀速率。     

阵列电极(WBE)联合线性极化技术(LP)研究海水-大气界面区碳钢的腐蚀行为

金属在海水-大气界面的水线腐蚀严重,腐蚀机理复杂,具有重要的科学研究价值。通过阵列电极(WBE)测试技术捕获部分浸泡于海水中的碳钢阵列电极的阴阳极分布规律;通过线性极化技术(LP)测试获得垂直于海水-大气界面的碳钢阵列电极列的腐蚀电流与腐蚀电位;通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)与腐蚀形貌观察法相结合的方法探讨了垂直于海水-大气界面的碳钢阵列电极列的腐蚀机理差异。结果表明:垂直于海水-大气界面的碳钢分别在水线区域和近海水-大气界面的海水区域存在两个腐蚀峰,腐蚀峰的腐蚀电流是其他区域的3~10倍;大气中的腐蚀电位高于海水中,处于海水中的碳钢腐蚀电位随浸泡时间逐渐升高而处于大气中的腐蚀电位逐渐下降;海水中碳钢的腐蚀产物疏松、附着力差,在大气中则腐蚀产物致密、附着力强;海水-大气界面区碳钢的腐蚀是由电位差、溶解氧浓度、腐蚀产物等多因素控制的。     

电化学测试技术在垢下腐蚀中的应用

针对垢下腐蚀进行了简要分析,着重介绍了电化学测试技术在垢下腐蚀研究领域中的应用现状,并进一步展望了垢下腐蚀研究中电化学测试技术今后的发展方向。目前,线性极化、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、电化学噪声分析(EN)与丝束电极(WBE)技术是研究垢下腐蚀行为的最优选择。为了弥补采用单一电化学测试技术的不足,两种及以上电化学测试技术联合运用将会成为垢下腐蚀电化学测试技术的主流方向。     

电化学方法和丝束电极在局部腐蚀研究中的应用

综述了常规电化学方法和扫描微探针技术的测试原理和应用现状,重点探讨了丝束电极在金属不同类型局部腐蚀研究中的应用。丝束电极技术能够获得不同位置点腐蚀电位、电流密度,从而获得界面等电位图和电流分布图等信息。丝束电极技术与常规电化学方法和微区扫描探针技术联合应用,可克服丝束电极技术只能测量宏观尺度电流电位分布不均的缺点,扩展丝束电极技术的研究范围。     

金属腐蚀微区电化学研究进展(3) 扫描振动电极技术

近年来,随着微区电化学理论与测试技术的发展,微区电化学技术在腐蚀领域已作为一种重要的测试方法被广泛应用,本文概括了扫描振动电极的基本原理,重点对该技术在金属腐蚀研究领域的应用进行了阐述。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.