喷射成形Zn—27Al—1Cu合金制备滑动轴承

研究了喷射成形Zn-27Al-1Cu合金棒坯的制备技术、热挤压工艺以及Zn-27Al-1Cu合金滑动轴承的制备技术,分析了喷射成形Zn-27Al-1Cu合金的显微组织、力学性能、耐磨性能。实验结果表明：采用喷射成形制备的Zn-27Al-1Cu合金的棒坯经后续热挤压成形后,具有比传统铸造ZA27合金更高的力学性能和耐磨性能。这种由喷成形Zn-27AL-1Cu合金制造的滑动轴承在实际使用过程中,其寿命比传统材料制造的滑动轴承提高150％以上。     

易切削变形Zn-Cu-Bi合金的显微组织与性能

采用力学性能测试、光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱分析技术及切削性能测试对自行研制的含Bi易切削变形Zn-Cu合金铸态及挤压态的组织与性能进行研究.结果表明:Mn在Zn-Cu合金中易形成大而硬的块状相,对于提高锌合金的综合力学性能作用不明显,且可能产生不良影响;低熔点Bi相在Zn-Cu合金中铸态时以针状弥散分布,挤压态时以点状弥散分布,改善了Zn-Cu合金的切削性能;自行配制的Zn- 1.2％Cu-0.5％Bi-X合金,切削性能良好,抗拉强度达到405 MPa,伸长率为19.0％,表现出较优的综合性能,可作为部分铜合金替代材料,用于制造轴承、连接件、五金和家电等结构件.     

碱热处理对Ti-3Cu合金表面特征及抗菌性能的影响

研究了碱热处理对抗菌钛合金显微组织、表面粗糙度、接触角及抗菌性的影响规律,探讨了碱热处理应用于Ti-3Cu表面生物改性的可能性。结果表明:碱热处理后在钛合金表面形成一层钛酸盐凝胶层,表面分布有大量尺寸约100nm的纳米级微孔,这使得合金的粗糙度降低,但合金表面的亲水性提高。合金表面钛酸盐凝胶层的形成使得合金的抗菌性能由处理前的92%降低到碱热处理后的71%。细菌的粘附实验也证实碱热处理一定程度上降低了合金的抗菌性能。分析认为,表面形成的钛酸盐凝胶层部分阻断了合金中抗菌相Ti_2Cu与细菌的接触,因此降低了合金的抗菌效果。     

电弧喷涂工艺对Zn-Cu合金制模涂层性能的影响

采用电弧喷涂技术在石膏表面制备Zn-Cu合金涂层,利用正交试验研究了喷涂工艺参数对涂层硬度、孔隙率和磨损量的影响。结果表明,在研究范围内,影响涂层硬度最主要的参数为喷涂电压,影响涂层孔隙率和磨损量的最主要参数为喷涂电流。喷涂电压为30V,喷涂电流为220A,喷涂距离为340mm、喷涂气压为0.5 MPa时,Zn-Cu合金涂层组织呈现出典型的网络框架结构,其涂层硬度(HV)为150.8,孔隙率为6.4%,磨损量为0.005 5g,具有较好的综合性能。     

添加钛对Al-25Zn-3Cu和Al-25Zn-3Cu-3Si合金的结构、力学、摩擦学和腐蚀性能的影响（英文）

为了研究晶粒细化对新开发的Al-25Zn-3Cu基合金性能的影响,采用金属型铸造法制备Al-25Zn-3Cu、Al-25Zn-3Cu-0.01Ti、Al-25Zn-3Cu-3Si和Al-25Zn-3Cu-3Si-0.01Ti合金。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察合金的显微组织,分别用布氏硬度法和拉伸试验测定合金的硬度和力学性能,用球盘式摩擦试验机研究合金的摩擦学特性,用电化学腐蚀实验装置研究合金的腐蚀性能。结果显示,A1-25Zn-3Cu三元合金的显微组织含有α、α+η和θ(Al_2Cu)相。添加3%Si(质量分数)的A1-25Zn-3Cu合金显微组织中形成硅颗粒。添加0.01%Ti(质量分数)的Al-25Zn-3Cu和Al-25Zn-3Cu-3Si合金的晶粒尺寸分别减小约20%和39%,硬度分别从HRB130和HRB141增加到HRB 137和HRB 156,合金的屈服强度分别从278 MPa和320 MPa增加到297 MPa和336 MPa,抗拉强度分别从317 MPa和334 MPa增加到340 MPa和352 MPa。随着钛含量的增加,合金的耐磨性提高,但耐腐蚀性降低。     

胆管支架及其涂层材料制备技术研究进展

胆管支架植入是用于治疗良性胆管狭窄和恶性肿瘤导致的胆管梗阻的重要手段之一,植入类支架的材料功能、表面结构等对其服役性能尤为关键,目前常用的胆管支架有金属和塑料两大类,现有的胆管疾病治疗大数据统计表明,微生物聚集及其引发的炎症是支架植入治疗普遍的问题。因此,可抗菌的多功能胆管支架材料及新型支架开发尤为迫切。纳米银是优良的抑菌、抗菌类材料,被广泛应用于医疗材料领域;仿生超疏水结构和纳米银涂层修饰植入性医用胆管支架的表面,能有效解决细菌滋生和胆道二次堵塞的问题。本文对胆管支架表面纳米银涂层和疏水结构的常用制备方法等进行阐述,通过分析胆管支架的发展、涂层技术和超疏水结构的医学应用实践,总结了胆管支架及表面涂层研究最新进展,并对胆管支架及其涂层材料的发展趋势进行展望。     

超亲水-超疏油无机膜材料的制备及在油水分离中的应用

超亲水-超疏油无机膜材料具有抗污染能力强、环境耐受性好等优点，因而在含油废水处理领域具有较好的应用前景。介绍空气中超亲水-超疏油及超亲水-水下超疏油无机膜材料的制备理论基础，从选择膜改性材料角度出发，系统总结归纳空气中超亲水-超疏油和超亲水-水下超疏油2种无机膜材料的制备方法。制备空气中的超亲水-超疏油无机膜材料主要采用含氟材料，并构造亲水性粗糙表面，通过添加含氟材料降低膜表面能中的色散分量。构造亲水性粗糙表面的方法大多引入亲水性纳米颗粒，以增加膜表面能中的极性分量，从而获得亲水特性。制备超亲水-水下超疏油无机膜材料主要通过构造亲水性粗糙表面获得相应性能。材料的选取通常以亲水性聚合物和亲水性纳米颗粒为主。超亲水-超疏油无机膜材料大多应用于以含油废水处理与废油净化为主的环保领域，相较于“除水过油”处理方式，它具有耐油污性能好、通量高等优点。最后提出了目前该领域研究中存在的一些问题和不足之处，展望了该领域未来的发展方向。     

冷却方式对Zn-Cu包晶合金微观组织的影响

对采用不同冷却速度、不同散热条件的铸型得到的Zn-2.98Cu包晶合金的微观组织进行了研究.研究表明:在常规的砂型和金属型铸锭中,其微观组织为ε相 η相基体;在具有定向温度梯度的铸锭中,得到了定向的ε相枝晶 η相基体和定向的层片状(ε η)组织;并对层片状组织做了进一步分析,得到的Zn-Cu包晶合金层片间距平均值λ=4.06μm.     

超疏涂层材料研究获新进展

中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所近日首次在工程材料铝及其合金表面上,通过简单快速的电化学反应,结合表面修饰方法成功地制备了超双疏表面。     

Mg-2Zn-xCu合金的显微组织和热物性能（英文）

通过显微组织和热物性能表征、热处理及第一性原理计算,研究Mg-2Zn-xCu (x=0.5, 1.0, 1.5,摩尔分数,%)合金的显微组织和热物性能。结果表明,添加Cu元素对合金显微组织和热物性能有影响。随着Cu含量增加,铸态合金中MgCuZn相含量增加,铸态合金电导率和热导率增大。固溶处理后,合金中共晶组织部分溶解,Zn原子回溶进入基体,导致合金的电导率和热导率均降低。时效处理前期,溶质原子从基体中沉淀析出,合金电导率增大,时效24 h后,Mg-2Zn-1.5Cu合金的热导率最高达到147.1 W/(m·K)。合金中形成的热稳定MgCuZn相对合金的电导率和热导率起促进作用。Zn元素在基体中含量越低,晶格畸变程度越低,导热性能则越好。另外,第一性原理计算结果也表明MgCuZn三元相具有很好的导电和导热性能。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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