共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 271 毫秒
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超声TOFD(time of flight diffraction,衍射时差)法检测的D扫描图像中,作为背景杂波的侧向波与近表面缺陷波会发生混叠,致使近表面缺陷不易于检测. 针对这一问题,提出一种基于杂波抑制的缺陷检测方法. 该方法通过图像能量分布统计,确定背景杂波分量并予以去除,从而分离出与其混叠的缺陷信号,实现近表面缺陷的检测. 建立了的超声TOFD法检测信号的数学模型,阐明了基于图像能量分布的杂波抑制原理. 制作了人工缺陷试块及实际焊缝试块,并对其检测获取的图像进行了杂波抑制处理. 结果表明,提出的方法可有效去除图像中的非缺陷目标、提取近表面缺陷波,从而提高系统的有效检测范围. 相似文献
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超声TOFD(time of flight diffraction,衍射时差)法检测信号中的相位信息是缺陷定性识别及定量测量的重要参量,但受检测系统影响,原始信号的相位特征不明显.针对传统维纳逆滤波解卷积技术在提高超声检测信号时间分辨力上的不足,采用一种基于谱外推的改进维纳逆滤波方法对超声TOFD法检测信号进行处理.分别采用传统及改进的维纳逆滤波技术对计算机仿真及缺陷实测信号进行处理,并将结果进行分析比较.结果表明,基于谱外推的改进方法能有效提高信号的时间分辨力,提取与缺陷形态相关的相位信息,从而为缺陷的定性识别及定量测量提供依据. 相似文献
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针对常规超声TOFD(time of flight diffraction,衍射时差)法存在超声衍射声场能量低、检测回波信号弱的问题,提出一种线聚焦超声TOFD焊接缺陷识别方法. 基于几何声学理论,根据所需主轴声线折射角度及聚焦深度,设计线聚焦超声TOFD法所用的声楔块. 通过铝合金板人工缺陷试件的检测,研究线聚焦法的检测灵敏度;通过铝合金板搅拌摩擦焊试件的检测,验证线聚焦法的有效性. 结果表明,和常规方法相比较,相同测试条件下线聚焦超声TOFD法的检测灵敏度更高,采集的图像具有更好的对比度,同时能较好地保持图像边缘. 所提新方法在改善缺陷分辨力、提高缺陷检出率及降低漏检等方面具有很好的使用价值. 相似文献
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自适应滤波在超声无损检测中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
超声无损检测中,特定的缺陷回波一般都具有一定的相关性,因而可利用自适应滤波来增强缺陷回波信号,介绍自适应滤波的结构与最小均方(LMS)算法,从超声检测应用结果来看,该方法有较好的特性与前景。 相似文献
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针对常规超声检测法存在对(?)1.0 mm以下的微小缺陷漏检及近表面检测存在盲区的问题,提出一种超声垂直发射背向散射的检测方法。分析了散射模式的声场传播特性,阐明了该模式的检测原理。通过对不同类型和尺寸的人工缺陷检测,分析了该散射方法的检测信号、检测灵敏度及成像图形;通过有限元分析,对散射波声场分布的可靠性进行了验证。结果表明,超声散射法能够识别常规超声检测方法容易漏检的微小缺陷及无法辨别的近表面缺陷,可有效检测(?)0.4 mm的微小缺陷及埋藏深度1.0 mm的近表面缺陷。 相似文献
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A signal processing procedure is proposed for testing concrete integrity using impact by shock wave and Laser Doppler velocimetry. The concrete surface vibration signal is first segmented into successive frames. The signal in each frame is analyzed using a linear prediction model to calculate the normalized prediction error. This error indicates the degree to which the signal is modeled in the form of an exponentially decaying sinusoid, and the presence of sub-surface flaws in the concrete can be determined from its value. When a defect in the concrete is detected, the frequency of the decaying sinusoid is calculated to estimate the depth and size of the crack. The proposed procedure was applied to computer-generated signals and actual vibration signals produced by shock waves, and the success of the procedure was verified. 相似文献
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目的 滤除发动机表面缺陷图像上的噪声,使发动机表面缺陷信息得以更好地呈现。方法 首先利用小波变换将发动机表面缺陷含噪图像进行系数分解,获取不同的小波系数;接着利用支持向量机对小波分解系数进行分类,以达到将噪声信号与非噪声信号进行分离的效果;最后利用插值运算对硬阀值函数进行优化,以克服函数不连续性引起的振铃效应等弊端,使得去噪后图像能够保持更多的细节信息。通过实验仿真将所提方法以及中值滤波、双边滤波方法的去噪效果进行对比。结果 所提方法去噪后图像与中值滤波以及双边滤波方法去噪后图像相比,具有更高的PSNR值以及SSIM值。测试图像噪声强度为25%时,所提方法去噪后图像的PSNR值以及SSIM值较中值滤波方法去噪分别提高了20.66%以及11.89%,较双边滤波方法去噪分别提高了10.30%以及5.48%。结论 所提方法比中值滤波、双边滤波方法具有更好的去噪效果,能够对发动机表面缺陷图像的噪声进行去除,并较好地保留图像的细节信息。 相似文献
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Local wall thinning of pipes, resulting from corrosion, is the major cause of accidents in nuclear power plants. In order to assure the integrity of pipes, a variety of NDE techniques have been proposed. It is well recognized that the utilization of guided waves to detect flaws in pipes has been a very effective tool for long-range inspection in NDE. Since most conventional research on guided waves has focused on long-range inspection, it is difficult to evaluate a defect in a local area. An objective of this study is to develop a non-contact inspection technique for the quantitative evaluation of defects on a local area in a cylindrical tube. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to introduce an advanced inspection system and a new signal processing method for the evaluation of defects such as corrosion in a pipe. In this study, an advanced non-contact method for pipe inspection is proposed, which generates the ultrasonic guided wave by laser and receives it by a dual air-coupled transducer. Information on each directional defect location and length is obtained by using a line scan along a circumferential and longitudinal direction. Received signals are analyzed by using the peak-to-peak amplitude of waveform and the maximum center frequency magnitude of the frequency spectrum. The optimal mode selection of guided waves based on a dispersion curve is also discussed. The experimental results using the proposed method show that the location and the size of the defect could be evaluated successfully in the 2-dimensional scanning images. 相似文献