Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18块体非晶合金低温动态压缩性能研究

采用铜模喷铸法制备Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18块体非晶合金,通过分离式霍普金森压杆装置(SHPB)对Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18块体非晶合金进行室温(25℃)和液氮温度(–196℃)条件下的高应变率加载动态压缩测试,结合S-4800型扫描电镜(SEM)对压缩试样断口进行观察,对比在室温和液氮温度下Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18块体非晶合金动态压缩性能及其断口形貌特征的差异。结果表明:Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18块体非晶合金室温动态压缩时,随应变率提高抗压强度无明显变化,没有应变率硬化效应。在液氮温度动态压缩时,抗压强度随着应变率提高有较大幅度增加,存在应变率硬化效应。液氮温度时的动态抗压强度明显高于室温动态抗压强度。Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18块体非晶合金室温动态压缩为剪切断裂,微观形貌上出现脉状花样和剪切带,剪切带诱发了裂纹的形成,裂纹沿着剪切带扩展。液氮温度下断口微观形貌有解理台阶和河流花样。室温动态断裂过程中,局域应变集中产生塑性变形;液氮温度下压缩动能转化的热量大部分被抵消,削弱了绝热剪切作用。     

纯锆的动态力学行为及绝热剪切带

使用分离式霍普金森压杆装置(SHPB)对纯锆在室温下进行动态压缩实验,应变速率为800～4000 s-1。采用金相显微镜和Quanta200型扫描电子显微镜对绝热剪切带及压缩断口进行观察。结果表明,纯锆具有较低的应变速率敏感性,由于高应变条件下产生了高密度的孪晶,材料硬化显著增强,真应力-真应变曲线随应变增加呈上升趋势,最大抗压强度为843 MPa。纯锆试样中观察到明显的绝热剪切带,且沿剪切带出现裂纹,压缩断口呈韧性断裂。绝热剪切带的出现和发展是材料失效的主要原因。对剪切带内部的温度进行了估算,结果表明,纯锆剪切带内部最高温度为1564℃。     

低速热变形对挤压态Mg-Zn-Mn合金组织及力学性能的影响

结合光学显微镜(OM)、电子背散射衍射技术(EBSD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等，分析了低速热变形对挤压态Mg-Zn-Mn合金显微组织及室温压缩性能的影响。结果表明：Mg-Zn-Mn合金在200～300℃的低速热压缩过程中存在明显的动态再结晶和动态析出，热压后样品组织明显细化且基面织构减弱。对于热压后样品，其抗压强度和断裂应变随变形温度的升高先增大后减小。对于250℃下热压缩的样品，其抗压强度和断裂应变随热压变形量的增大先减小后增大。其中，在250℃下热压缩且变形量为70%时，合金的性能提升最为显著，在不损害塑性的情况下，其屈服强度(σ0.2)和抗压强度分别达到247 MPa和504 MPa，比挤压态时分别提升了63%和19%。     

高应变率下铸造镁合金AZ91的动态压缩性能及破坏机理

利用INSTRON准静态试验机和分离式Hopkinson压杆系统对铸造镁合金AZ91在不同应变率下进行压缩试验,研究AZ91镁合金在高应变率范围内(应变率6×102～1×104 s-1)的动态力学行为,并利用扫描电镜观察试样在不同应变率下破坏断口微观形貌的变化,探索应变率对破坏机理的影响.结果表明:室温下铸造镁合金AZ91具有明显的应变硬化性质;在准静态压缩过程中材料对应变率负敏感,当应变率达到7×103 s-1时,AZ91镁合金表现出明显的应变率敏感性;在准静态破坏和动态破坏下,材料断口的微观形貌具有很大不同.     

304不锈钢热拉伸实验的组织和性能

对304不锈钢在25~600℃进行热拉伸实验,得到了不同温度下的真实应力-应变曲线,并且通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)对拉伸断口及断口的形貌变化进行了分析。结果表明:随着实验温度的升高,304不锈钢的强度下降,塑性提高;在实验温度范围内,应变量小于2.5%,在达到同等变形量的条件下,室温下材料变形所需要的应力远高于加热情况下所需应力,这表明只要适当地升高温度,这种材料的塑性就会大为改善。当温度到达600℃时,材料的晶界明显弱化,断口韧窝形态减少,断裂以沿晶断裂为主。     

ZrTiNiCuBe块体非晶合金剪切带内温升与断裂温升

在室温环境下(25℃)对某ZrTiNiCuBe块体非晶合金材料进行不同应变率条件下的静态与动态压缩实验。并采用扫描电镜技术(SEM)对试样断口、侧面等进行表征,对比静、动态条件下的应力-应变曲线形貌的差异。结果表明:静态压缩时为剪切断裂,微观形貌上出现脉状花样与剪切带;剪切带诱发裂纹的形成,裂纹随着剪切带扩展。动态压缩时为脆性解理断裂,断面粗糙且发现大量熔滴;断口处出现解理台阶,塑性阶段出现明显的锯齿流变现象。从能量守恒定律出发,利用变形过程中弹性应变能的变化规律推测剪切变形区域内温升的变化规律,温升的变化规律揭示锯齿流变与试样的断裂机制。     

时效态Mg-Gd-Y-Zr镁合金压缩性能和组织演变

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟机对时效态Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5zr (GW103)和Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr(GW123)稀土镁合金在变形温度为25～350℃、应变速率为0.01 s~(-1)、最大变形程度为1的条件下进行压缩模拟试验,利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察组织变化.结果表明:GW103和GW123合金的室温抗压强度分别为419MPa和460MPa;150-200℃时GW123合金的抗压强度大干GW103合金;当温度高于250℃时,两种合金的抗压强度相近.分析表明250℃以下压缩时,孪生变形是影响压缩力学性能的主要因素;300～350℃压缩时,晶界和变形带处发生动态再结晶是影响压缩力学性能的主要因素.     

6061铝合金环形锻件动态力学性能与失效行为

为了研究6061铝合金环形锻件在冲击载荷下的动态力学性能和失效行为,在室温下分别采用分离式霍普金森压杆装置(SHPB)与冲击摆锤试验机测试其动态压缩力学性能与动态冲击力学性能,并利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对冲击试样进行了组织和断口的显微分析。结果表明:6061铝合金环形锻件在室温、高应变率下具有正应变率强化效应,经过固溶处理、时效处理后,其动态压缩强度逐渐提高,在3300 s^-1应变率下具有最大动态压缩强度,为365 MPa,而其塑性逐渐降低;室温下,6061铝合金环形锻件在固溶处理后具有相对优异的综合冲击性能,其最大冲击功为17.2 J,最大冲击韧性为215.1 k J·m^-2;锻后的冲击断裂为韧性断裂,固溶后的断裂为韧、脆混合断裂,时效后的断裂为脆性断裂。     

V-N微合金化Q420B大规格角钢连铸坯高温热塑性的研究

通过Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机研究了不同应变速率下V-N微合金化Q420B钢连铸坯的高温热塑性,利用扫描电镜观察高塑性区和第Ⅲ脆性温度区拉伸试样的断口形貌及断口处组织形貌,分析了试验钢在高温下的强度和塑性随温度变化的关系,动态再结晶、相变和析出物对高温热塑性的影响。结果表明:在应变速率为ε觶=5×10-3/s时,存在第Ⅲ脆性区(700~900℃),在1000℃时断面收缩率(RA)达到最大值92.16%;当应变速率为ε觶=5×10-2/s时,存在第Ⅲ脆性区(600~862℃),在1100℃时RA达到最大值90.39%;当应变速率为ε觶=5×10-1/s时,不存在塑性凹槽;3个应变速率下均没有出现第Ⅱ脆性区;在第Ⅲ脆性区,随着应变速率的增大,断面收缩率提高;在1000~1200℃出现高塑性的主要原因是发生了动态再结晶;第Ⅲ脆性区塑性低主要是由于晶界处有析出物和夹杂物,同时也是由于沿奥氏体晶界析出的铁素体抗拉强度低。     

700℃超超临界锅炉用Inconel 740H合金的热塑性

研究了不同温度对Inconel 740H合金热塑性的影响。结果表明:Inconel 740H合金在1050~1200℃范围内具有良好的热塑性,拉伸断口处均有明显颈缩现象,为塑性断裂,断面收缩率均在80%以上,且在1150℃左右达到最大值;随着温度的升高,合金断口韧窝增多,塑性越来越好,当温度超过1150℃后断口韧窝减少,塑性开始缓慢下降;随着变形温度的提高,合金的动态再结晶率增大,在1125~1200℃时,可发生完全动态再结晶,当温度超过1150℃后,细小的再结晶晶粒开始缓慢长大。对于Inconel 740H合金热挤压管,在应变速率为1 s~(-1)时,较合适的热变形温度范围为1125~1175℃。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.