INFLUENCES OF EDGING ROLL SHAPE ON THE PLASTIC STRAIN DISTRIBUTION OF SLAB DURING MULTI-PASS V-H ROLLING PROCESS

Multi-pass slab vertical-horizontal （V-H） rolling process with variable edging roll shape have been simulated with explicit dynamic finite element method and updating geometric method. The distributions of plastic strain contour in slab daring rolling process with different edging roll and under different rolling stage have been obtained. The results show that there exist two thin strain assembling zones in slab when the flat edging roll is used, and there just exist one strain assembling zone in slab when the edging roll with groove is used. And compared the deformation equality between flat edging roll and edging roll with groove, the lateris better than the former, which supplies the theory prove to the slab deformation distribution during V-H rolling process and is helpful for predicting the slab texture.     

Thermo-mechanical coupled analysis of hot ring rolling process

A 3D rigid-plastic and coupled thermo-mechanical FE model for hot ring rolling（HRR） was developed based on DEFORM 3D software, then coupled heat transferring, material flow and temperature distribution of the ring in HRR were simulated and the effects of process parameters on them were analyzed. The results show that the deformation nonuniformity of ring blank increases with the increase of the rotational speed of driver roll and friction factor or the decrease of the feed rate of idle roll and initial temperature of ring blank. The temperature nonuniformity of ring blank decreases with the increase of the feed rate of idle roll or the decrease of initial temperature of ring blank and friction factor. There is an optimum rotational speed of driver roll under which the temperature distribution of ring blank is the most uniform. The results obtained can provide a guide for forming parameters optimization and quality control.     

Turbulence flow and heat transfer of aluminum melt in tip cavity in process of thin-gauge high-speed casting

The uniformity of flow distribution of aluminum melt in tip cavity is a precondition to decide whether or not thin-gauge high-speed casting can be accomplished smoothly. The laws of aluminum melt flow and heat transfer in tip cavity can be found out through numerical simulation, which gives theoretical basis for solving the problem of the flow distribution of melt in tip cavity. A mathematical model with a low Reynolds number k--ε model for turbulence flow and heat transfer of aluminum melt in tip cavity was developed. The finite difference method was used to calculate the flow field and temperature field of aluminum melt in tip cavity. The phenomena and characteristics of turbulence flow and heat transfer were analyzed, including the characteristics of temperature distribution of turbulence similar to that of laminar flow. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results for flow velocities and temperature at the exit of tip, which verifies the validity of the simulation results.     

THREE-DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN CVD REACTORS

A mathematical model to represent the fluid flow, temperature distribution and mass transferin CVD reactors has been developed. The model is used to predict the velocity, temperature,and molar concentration profiles in the tapered annulus of a reactor for silicon deposition fromSiCl_4 in H_2. Results of the investigation contribute to the understanding of the transport pro-cesses involved in such a system. The model can also be used for optimizing the designparameters, such as inlet flow rate, susceptor tilt angle, etc.     

SIMULATION OF STEEL COIL HEAT TRANSFER IN HPH FURNACE

The mathematical model has been estublished for the simulation of steel coil＇s heat transfer during annealing thermal process in HPH （high performance hydrogen） furnace. The equivalent radial thermal conductivity is adopted by statistical analysis regression approach through the combination of a large quantity of production data collected in practice and theoretical analyses. The effect of the number of coils on circulating flow gas is considered for calculating the convection heat transfer coefficient, The temperature within the coil is predicted with the developed model during the annealing cycle including heating process and cooling process. The good consistently between the predicted results and the experimental data has demonstrated that the mathematical model established and the parameters identified by this paper are scientifically feasible and the effective method of calculation for coil equivalent radial heat transfer coefficient and circulating gas flow has been identified successfully, which largely enhances the operability and feasibility of the mathematic- model. This model provides a theoretical basis and an effective means to conduct studies on the impact that foresaid factors may imposed on the steel coil＇s temperature field, to analyze the stress within coils, to realize online control and optimal production and to increase facilily output by increasing heating and cooling rates of coils without producing higher thermal stress.     

STUDY ON TEMPERATURE FIELD INDUCED IN HIGH FREQUENCY INDUCTION HEATING

A mathematical model was established for the temperature field developed during high frequency induction heating （HFIH） by Maxwell＇s equations. It required solving the coupled equations of the electromagnetic and temperature fields. The numerical simudation was performed using FEMLAB. The comparison of the calculations using the proposed model with experimental results showed a very good correlation. The effects of the heating parameters in high frequency induction such as the distance between the plate and the coil, the applied current, the frequency, and the turns of the coil on the temperature profiles developed in the plate were also discussed using the established model.     

RESEARCH ON THE FORMATION MECHANISM OF INTERNAL CRACK IN THE CONTINUOUS CASTING SLAB

In view of the periodic bending deformation of solid-liquid interface in the solidification process for continuous casting slab, the variation of temperature gradient and dendritic spacing in the front edge of the solid-liquid interface, and the nucleation and propagation process of crack were studied. It is shown that the bending deformation of the interface results in the temperature field change in the front edge of solid-liquid interface, and the occurrence of temperature gradient along drawing direction results in the growth of secondary dendrites. The initial crack formed during the middle and final stage of solidification may extend to the surface of the casting slab and become an internal crack. The results of the theoretical analysis are basically in agreement with that of the experiment.     

Numerical simulation of continuous roll-casting process of aluminum alloy

In order to improve the strip quality of continuous roll-casting process （CRP） of aluminum alloy, the investigations of the flow behavior within the metal pool, the heat transfer condition between roll and strip, the pouring temperature of molten alloy, the roll-casting speed and the control of the position of solidification final point are important. The finite volume method was applied to the analysis of the continuous roll-casting process. A two-dimensional incompressible non-Newtonian fluid flow with heat transfer was considered, which was described by the continuity equation, the Navier-Stokes equation and the energy equation. With this mathematical model, the flow patterns, temperature fields and solid fraction distributions in the metal pool between two rolls were simulated. From the calculated results, the effects of technical parameters to the position of solidification final point are obtained. The simulated results show that the roll-casting speed and pouring temperature have an enormous effect on the temperature distribution and the position of solidification final point.     

Study on process of roll bonding stainless and carbon steel under non-vacuum condition

The non-vacuum roll bonding method of nickel plating on the base materials is put forward in accordance with the primary problems existed in the roll bonding of stainless/carbon steel. After nickel plating test on the base materials, the microstructure of nickel cladding is observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） at high, and room temperature, and the results show that the nickel cladding on base material can be protected from oxidation in the high temperature. Non-vacuum roll bonding tests of nickel plating on base materials are done by the roll bonding equipment, and the roll bonding plates of stainless/carbon steel are obtained. The microstructure and the elements distribution of non-vacuum roll bonding interface are analyzed by optical microscope （OM） and SEM. The results reflect that the nickel plating layer and the base materials bond well.     

Numerical simulation of microstructure evolution and microsegregation of U-Nb alloy during solidification process

In this work, a cellular automaton model has been developed to simulate the microstructure evolution of U-Nb alloy during the solidification process. The preferential growth orientation, solute redistribution in both liquid and solid, solid/liquid interface solute conservation, interface curvature and the growth anisotropy were considered in the model. The model was applied to simulate the dendrite growth and Nb microsegregation behavior of U-5.5Nb alloy during solidification, and the predicted results showed a reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The effects of cooling rates on the solidification microstructure and composition distribution of U-5.5Nb were investigated by using the developed model. The results show that with the increase of the cooling rate, the average grain size decreases and the Nb microsegregation increases.     

厚板坯连铸二次冷却过程数值模拟及实验研究

基于凝固一传热学基本理论,建立板坯连铸三维凝固传热数学模型.该模型考虑了组元成分、固相分数、温度等因素对热物性参数的影响,根据糊状区溶质传输和反扩散理论,采用钢中多组元成分的百分含量计算液、固相线温度.以鞍钢第一炼钢厂厚板坯连铸机为对象,根据二冷区铸坯表面实际水流密度分布和辊子接触传热建立边界条件,计算整个铸坯任意点、线、面的温度及固相分数分布.多钢种多拉速条件下铸坯表面温度实测值和射钉实验结果与计算值吻合良好.     

特厚板坯单辊重压下铸坯温度与应力的分析

为获得特厚板坯重压下过程中不同压下量对铸坯温度、应力及应变的影响,从而评估铸坯出现角部以及内部裂纹的倾向,使用板坯连铸二冷软件建立了连铸过程特厚板凝固传热模型,并借助Abaqus有限元软件建立了特厚板单辊重压下应力应变模型,对连铸重压下过程中特厚板温度分布以及应力应变行为进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明,重压下会导致铸坯表面降温,中心温度降幅约为角部的1.4倍。铸坯的应力分布在厚度方向上沿中心呈现出对称性,应力由内、外弧向中心递减;角部区域温度最低,应力最大;压下量从5增加到30mm,铸坯角部最大应力从84增加到170MPa,角部裂纹倾向增加。压下量在5~30mm内,铸坯凝固前沿的最大等效塑性应变均小于临界应变,所以铸坯不会出现内裂纹。     

热带粗轧机组调宽工艺中数学模型的建立

采用铅作为模拟材料，对热带粗轧机组平辊立轧－－平轧调宽的变形规律进行了实验研究，简要分析了立轧时的“狗骨”行为和随后平轧时宽度变化行为与来料厚度，宽度、轧辊直径和压下量的关系，并建立了新的数学模型。     

宝钢板坯连铸凝固与传热模型的开发

根据宝钢3号板坯连铸机的具体条件，建立了板坯连铸凝固传热数学模型，模型不仅具备对辊列设备、喷嘴布置的仿真，而且可以根据各种不同工艺条件计算铸坯温度场和凝固终点，经过现场测温与射钉试验，以及与引进日方的在线模型对比，其结果与该模型结果相当吻合。     

中薄板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口的优化设计

应用数值模拟软件对唐钢中薄板坯连铸结晶器及浸入式水口内的钢水流场、温度场进行数值模拟，分析了水口结构、拉速、浸入深度和铸坯断面对流场和温度场的影响，在此基础上确定了水口的最佳结构和浸入深度，并在生产中进行了验证，不但提高了铸坯质量和产量且稳定了连铸生产。     

铁素体轧制工艺条件下边部缺陷控制方法研究

研究了在铁素体区轧制条件下热轧带钢边部翘皮的宏观分布规律和微观缺陷形貌,分析了该工艺下缺陷形成的原因,粗轧段板坯边角部进入两相区,同时生产线的立辊和侧导板等接触设备的表面质量不良,造成了边角部变形不均,在精轧过程中最终形成边部翘皮。结合现场工艺,探讨了缺陷的改善措施,通过优化粗轧立辊辊型,提升轧制过程中坯料边角部温度,以及通过设备功能精度管理提升粗轧、精轧的侧导板和立辊辊面质量,最终消除了铁素体轧制超低碳钢的边部质量问题。     

Prediction of influence parameters on the hot rolling process using finite element method and neural network

In the present investigation, a hot rolling process of AA5083 aluminum alloy is simulated using the finite element method. The temperature distribution in the roll and the slab, the stress, strain and strain rate fields, are extracted throughout a steady-state analysis of the process. The main hypotheses adopted in the formulation are: the thermo-viscoplastic behavior of the material expressed by Perzyna constitutive equation and rolling under plane-deformation conditions. The main variables that characterize the rolling process, such as the geometry of the slab, load, rolling speed, percentage of thickness reduction, initial thickness of the slab and friction coefficient, have been expressed in a parametric form giving a good flexibility to the model. The convergence of the results has been evaluated using experimental and theoretical data available in the literature. Since the FE simulation of the process is a time-consuming procedure, an artificial neural network (ANN) has been designed based on the back propagation method. The outputs of the FE simulation of the problem are used for training the network and then, the network is employed for prediction of the behavior of the slab during the hot rolling process.     

FEM analysis for V–H rolling process by updating geometric method

Three passes of slab rolling during vertical–horizontal rolling process were simulated with explicit dynamic FEM by updating geometric method. Simulation model of the next pass was built when the rolling geometry model was updated after previous pass was finished, changing roll gap, material attribution and boundary conditions. The calculated results of the slab shape are in good agreement with the experimental ones. It is shown that the explicit dynamic FEM and updating geometric method can be used effectively to analyze the multi-passes of V–H rolling process.     

步进梁式加热炉内钢坯温度场数值模拟

建立了步进梁式加热炉内加热钢坯的物理模型和数学模型,用有限容积法(FVM)对数学模型进行了离散化,运用Visual-Fortran编制了加热炉内钢坯温度场计算软件,同时利用耐热温度数据记录仪,实测和记录了Q235钢在加热炉内的温度分布,给出了钢坯在整个加热过程中的上下炉温、钢坯内部不同点温度的变化曲线。将模拟结果和实测结果进行了比较,温差值最大为34.3℃,模拟值与实测值基本吻合,表明建立的数学模型以及计算方法是正确的。