智能计算测量系统的设计及应用

通过对蠕变试验全过程的计算机智能化控制,连续加载后,将加力过程的全部变形量采集数据用最小二乘法进行线性拟合,计算加载后的初始弹性变形和塑性变形,计算结果更加准确。实现了蠕变ε-τ曲线的实时描绘和所有特殊变形点的时间及特殊时间点的全自动化采集,分3个阶段存储变形采集数据,数据采集更加精确合理,实时计算显示蠕变同轴度,确保试验过程装夹合格,提高了蠕变试验的测控技术水平。     

超细晶工业纯锆的室温蠕变特性及断口分析

研究了超细晶工业纯锆在0.875R_(p0.2)、0.9R_(p0.2)、0.9125R_(p0.2)、0.925R_(p0.2)、0.9375R_(p0.2)、0.95R_(p0.2)蠕变应力下的室温蠕变性能,计算了超细晶工业纯锆的稳态蠕变速率,并分析了其蠕变断裂机理。结果表明:超细晶工业纯锆在蠕变应力为0.875R_(p0.2)时,出现了蠕变饱和现象,稳态蠕变速率随着蠕变应力的增加而增大,稳态蠕变阶段缩短;室温下,工业纯锆经复合细化后蠕变抗性显著提高;当蠕变应力为0.95R_(p0.2)时,稳态蠕变速率达到最大值3.140×10~(-6) s~(-1)。通过计算蠕变应力指数,得到超细晶工业纯锆的室温蠕变机理为位错运动。超细晶工业纯锆室温蠕变断裂为韧性断裂。     

TiAl基铸造合金的蠕变行为研究

研究了名义成分为Ti-46Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.15B合金在700～850℃,140～300MPa的蠕变条件下的蠕变性能和蠕变机制。研究表明,在蠕变过程中随着温度和载荷的增加,合金的最小蠕变速率随之增大;TiAl基合金在700～850℃,140～300MPa下的最小蠕变速率可用蠕变方程εmin=A(σ)4.7exp(-280/RT)来描述;在该蠕变条件下的蠕变行为主要受位错攀移控制。     

镍基单晶合金筏化规律及蠕变持久寿命模型在复杂应力状态下的考核

利用双剪切蠕变试样在受剪切区的筏化试验结果和不同晶体取向试样的蠕变持久寿命试验结果，对镍基单晶合金的蠕变筏化预测模型和蠕变持久寿命模型进行考核，证实此2个模型的合理性。     

高温合金的蠕变及疲劳-蠕变-环境交互作用规律和机理

综合了中国科学院金属研究所高温合金和金属间化合物研究组在高温合金蠕变研究方面的主要成果:蠕变和断裂规律及其机理,蠕变-环境交互作用及其机理,蠕变阻力模型以及疲劳-蠕变-环境交互作用规律及其机理。     

CREEP BEHAVIOR MODELING OF UDIMET 720Li SUPERALLOY

Constant load creep tests on isothermally forged Udimet 720Li, an advanced superalloy for gas turbine disc application, were run in the stress/temperature field 900-450MPa/650-700℃ produeing rupture times in the 20-5000h range. The creep curves have shown a predominant accelerating creep stage, that has been described by the following equation:     

蠕变塑性伸长率测定方法分析

结合蠕变试验结果，研究和分析了三种测定蠕变塑性伸长率的方法。     

Microstructural evolution and creep properties of Mg-4Sn alloys by addition of calcium up to 4 wt.%

The effects of addition of calcium up to 4 wt.% on the microstructure and creep properties of Mg-4Sn alloys were investigated by the impression creep test. Impression creep tests were performed in temperature range between 445 and 475 K under normalized stresses σ/G (where σ is the stress; G is the shear modulus) between 0.0225 and 0.035. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the microstructure of samples. It is observed that the addition of Ca more than 2 wt.% suppresses less stable MgSn₂ phase, and instead forms more thermally stable phases of Ca-Mg-Sn and Mg₂Ca at the grain boundaries which improve the creep resistance of Mg-4Sn alloys. According to the stress exponents (6.04<n<6.89) and activation energies (101.37 kJ/mol<Q<113.8 kJ/mol) which were obtained from the impression creep tests, it is concluded that the pipe diffusion climb controlled dislocation creep is the dominant creep mechanism.     

工业纯锆室温蠕变性能及显微组织研究

本文分别研究了不同状态工业纯锆在0.9R_p0.2、0.925R_p0.2、0.95R_p0.2、0.975R_p0.2蠕变应力下的室温蠕变性能,计算了不同状态工业纯锆的稳态蠕变速率及蠕变应力,并分析了退火前后以及蠕变前后工业纯锆的微观组织。试验结果表明：不同状态工业纯锆的室温蠕变均存在阈值应力,当外加蠕变应力大于阈值应力时,随着蠕变应力的增加,工业纯锆位错密度显著增加,晶界处呈现出明显的位错塞积现象;与粗晶工业纯锆相比,经250°C退火处理后的超细晶工业纯锆,既能维持晶粒尺寸及稳定的显微组织状态,同时还能保证原有的高强度并提高其塑性;另外,250°C退火处理显著提高超细晶工业纯锆室温蠕变性能,使室温蠕变应力敏感性降低,室温蠕变抗性增加。