气体流量对射频等离子体球化GH4169合金粉末的影响

采用射频等离子体球化技术对多次激光3D打印废弃的不规则GH4169合金粉末进行二次改造，研究载气、氢气流量对球化粉末效果的影响机理.利用扫描电镜、霍尔流动仪、振实密度测试仪及激光粒度分析仪对球化前后粉末的形貌、流动性、松装比及粒度分布进行分析.结果表明，载气流量越大，粉末在等离子体火焰中停留时间越短、运动絮乱，球化率越低；氢气流量越大，单位时间内等离子体与粉末热交换越大，球化生产效率越高.经球化处理的GH4169合金粉末的流动性、松装比得到了显著的改善，粉末颗粒平均粒径增加，粒径分布变窄.     

射频等离子体制备球形钨粉的研究

通过射频等离子体球化处理工艺,以不规则形状钨粉为原料,制备了球形钨粉,并研究了加料速率和粉末粒度对粉末球化率的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和激光粒度分析仪对球化处理前后粉末的形貌、物相和粒度分布进行了测试和分析。结果表明：粒度在5.5~26.5 μm范围的不规则形状钨粉,经等离子球化处理后得到表面光滑、分散性好、球化率可达100%的球形钨粉。球化处理后,粉末的粒度略微增大。随加料速率的增加,钨粉的球化率降低。随着钨粉球化率的提高,粉末的松装密度和流动性得到显著改善。松装密度由6.80 g/cm3 提高到11.5 g/cm3,粉末流动性由14.12 s/50 g提高为6.95 s/50 g     

感应等离子体制备高纯致密球形钼粉研究

利用感应等离子体技术制备出高纯致密球形钼粉,实现了钼粉的球化、致密化、细化和纯化,同时研究了感应等离子体功率和原料粉粒度对球化率的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和激光粒度分析仪对球化处理前后粉末的形貌、物相和粒度分布进行测试和分析。结果表明,形状不规则的原料钼粉,经等离子体球化处理后得到球形度好、表面光滑、分散性良好、球化率几乎可达100%的球形钼粉。球化处理后,钼粉粒度变细,且粒度分布更集中。相同工艺条件下,随着等离子体功率的增加,钼粉的球化率先增大后降低,当等离子体功率为25 kW时钼粉球化效果最好,粒度较小的钼粉球化率较高。随着钼粉球化率的提高,粉末的流动性得到显著改善,松装密度也得到提高。钼粉末的流动性由40 s/50 g提高为11 s/50 g,松装密度由2.3 g/cm~3提高到6.1 g/cm~3。     

球形钨粉的制备及应用

球形钨粉以其良好的流动性、高的松装密度和振实密度广泛应用于喷涂、增材制造等材料制备领域。本文以不规则形状钨粉颗粒为原料,采用射频等离子球化技术制备球形钨粉,并对球形钨粉进行铺粉及成形实验效果评价。在射频等离子球化过程中,研究球化工艺参数（送粉速率、送粉位置）和原料粉末形态对球化结果的影响。在铺粉实验方面,研究粉末特征和铺粉层厚对铺粉效果的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜、激光粒度分析仪和BT-100粉体综合特性测试仪对球化处理前后粉末的形貌、粒度、流动性、松装密度和振实密度进行测试和分析。结果表明：经过球化处理后,钨粉颗粒呈规则球形,表面光滑,球化率可达100%,流动性、松装密度和振实密度得到明显提高。球化率高的粉末流动性好,铺粉效果好;随着层厚的增加,铺粉效果逐渐得到改善;采用合适粒径的球形钨粉打印的钨薄壁件表面相对光洁,尺寸精度高。     

球形TC4合金粉末的制备、表征及雾化机理

采用真空气体雾化法制备了TC4合金粉末,并采用激光粒度分析仪、扫描电子显微镜和霍尔流速计等对制备的粉末粒度分布、组织形貌、松装密度、流动性等进行了测试分析。结果表明:真空气体雾化法制备的TC4合金粉末粒度呈正态分布,尺寸集中分布在32.52～182.50μm左右,粉末中值粒径d_(50)为92.70μm,粉末球形度高,氧含量低(0.14%);粉末具有较低的松装密度和良好的流动性,粒径在38～106μm的粉末其流动性为25～50 s/(50 g),松装密度为2.52～2.56 g/cm~3。TC4合金粉末中粒径较大的颗粒表面呈发达的近似等轴的胞状枝晶组织,而颗粒粒径越小,其表面越光滑。少部分小颗粒粘附在大颗粒表面上,出现连体的"卫星"状。     

Spheroidization of Nd-Fe-B Powders by RF Induction Plasma Processing

以不规则形的钕铁硼粉为原料,使用射频等离子体球化处理工艺,制备球形钕铁硼粉.研究了原料的加料速率和粉末粒度对粉末球化率的影响.通过扫描电子显微镜观察对比了等离子球化处理前后粉末及截面形貌,采用X射线衍射方法测试分析了球化过程中氧化物的生成.检测了球化前后粉末的松装密度及其粒度分布.结果表明:不规则形状的钕铁硼粉经等离子球化处理后其球化率可达到100％,松装密度由2.778 g/cm3提高到3.785 g/cm3,粉末流动性由43.3 s/50 g提高到27.5 s/50 g.该粉末适用于凝胶注膜成型及注射成型.     

射频等离子体制备球形钛粉

以不规则形状的大颗粒TiH2粉末为原料,采用射频等离子球化处理技术制备出微细球形Ti粉。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和激光粒度分析测试方法对粉末形貌、物相和粒度进行测试。结果表明:大颗粒的TiH2粉末的脱氢分解、爆碎和球化处理在等离子体中一步完成,得到微细球形粉末。其相组成主要为Ti和残余TiH相;球形粉末在1.3×10-4Pa真空条件下,经750℃、2h脱氢处理后得到单相球形Ti粉。颗粒平均粒径由原来的100~150μm减小至20~50μm,球化率可达到100%。随着加料速率的增加,粉末的球化率降低。采用射频等离子体处理TiH2粉是制备微细球形钛粉的一种新方法。     

高能球磨与射频等离子体球化制备TiAl合金球形微粉

以雾化法制备的大粒度TiAl预合金粉末为原料,采用高能球磨与射频等离子体球化工艺制备出TiAl合金微细球形粉末,并研究了其粉末特性.结果表明,采用上述工艺制备的TiA1合金粉末球形率高;粒度可控,数均粒径可控制在10～60 μm范围内;粉末粒径分布窄,粒度分布均匀度指数约为0.63.粉末氧含量随粒度降低而逐渐增加,数均粒径为31.5 μm的合金粉末的氧含量约为2.44‰;数均粒径为15.6 μm的合金粉末的氧含量约为3.51‰.制备的球形TiAl合金粉末主要由a2相及少量的y相组成;粉末颗粒间成分均匀性良好,颗粒内部为均匀等轴晶组织,随着粉末粒度减小,晶粒组织趋于细化.     

电渣重熔-等离子旋转电极雾化制备高品质316H奥氏体不锈钢粉末

首先采用电渣重熔法熔炼316H奥氏体不锈钢母合金,随后采用等离子旋转电极雾化(PREP)法制备了球形316H奥氏体不锈钢粉末.利用氧氮分析仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、霍尔流速计和激光粒度分布仪等研究了粉末的氧含量、形貌、相结构、流动性、松装密度、振实密度及粒度分布.结果表明:电渣重熔制备的316H奥氏体不锈钢母合金全氧含量为20×10-6,铸锭成分均匀;等离子旋转电极雾化法制备的316H奥氏体不锈钢粉末全氧含量为70×10-6,粉末粒度呈现双峰分布,细粉收得率高,粒径为15～150 μn的粉末占比近80％,粉末粒径分布范围广、球形度高、卫星粉少.粉末表面基本为胞状晶,截面为均匀的枝晶组织,为单一的γ-Fe相结构.制备态粉末的霍尔流速、松装密度和振实密度分别为14.83 s-50-1 g-1、4.725 g·cm-3和5.401 g·cm-3.粗粉和细粉质量分数各占一半时,粉末的霍尔流速为12.91 s·50-1g-1,小于初始粉末的霍尔流速,提高了粉末的流动性能.长时间的真空储存能降低粉末的带电性能,进而降低粉末颗粒之间排斥作用,可进一步提高粉末流动性.粗、细粉之比为7:3时,粉末的填充性能最好,填充率高达70.6％.     

粉末形貌对选区激光熔化316L不锈钢力学性能的影响

以气雾化316L不锈钢粉为原料,结合等离子球化和选区激光熔化技术制备了不锈钢块体,并用XRD、SEM、激光粒度仪、振实密度仪和万能力学试验机等对等离子球化粉体和选区激光不锈钢块的组织结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明:316L不锈钢粉经等离子球化处理后,不规则扁平状颗粒数量减少,球形颗粒数量增加,振实密度与松装密度的比值(HR值)从1.28减少到1.08,流动性得到明显改善。等离子球化颗粒经SLM成形后的块体物相组成与前驱粉体一致,均为典型的奥氏体不锈钢组织(γ-Fe+α-Fe)。与气雾化块体相比,等离子球化块体力学性能和致密性均有一定程度提高,这主要归因于经等离子球化处理后的前驱粉体致密度提高,球形度增加且流动性良好。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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