铁基非晶纳米晶涂层组织与冲蚀性能分析

利用高速电弧喷涂技术成功制备了FeCrBSiMnNbY系和FeBSiNbCr系非晶纳米晶涂层.采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等设备对涂层的组织结构进行了表征,重点分析了非晶的形成机制,并对涂层的高温冲蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明,FeCrBSiMnNbY系和FeBSiNbCr系涂层的组织主要由非晶相和α(Fe,Cr)相纳米晶组成;两种涂层结构致密,组织均匀,孔隙率含量分别为1.7%和1.2%;FeBSiNbCr系非晶纳米晶涂层具有良好的耐高温冲蚀性能,随着攻角增加,涂层冲蚀率随之增加;冲蚀温度升高,涂层耐冲蚀性能也随着提高.     

等离子体增强磁控溅射制备TiAlVSiCN涂层的抗冲蚀性能

目的 提高不锈钢基体的抗固体颗粒冲蚀性能.方法 在不锈钢基体表面,通过等离子体增强磁控溅射系统(PEMS),采用不同偏压工艺制备TiAlVSiCN纳米复合涂层.通过SEM、HRTEM观察涂层的微观形貌与组织,利用XRD、SAD分析涂层的物相组成与晶体结构,并通过划痕仪、纳米硬度计以及冲蚀试验机探究不同工艺涂层的结合强度、纳米硬度以及抗冲蚀性能差异.结果 采用PEMS制备出一系列不同偏压条件下的TiAlVSiCN涂层,涂层组织致密,呈柱状,主要包括纳米晶Ti(Al,V)(C,N)相和非晶相.偏压显著影响涂层的晶粒尺寸和非晶相分布,高偏压下的涂层主要由20～50 nm的Ti(Al,V)(C,N)纳米晶及其周围弥散分布的非晶相组成,而低偏压下的涂层主要由100 nm的Ti(Al,V)(C,N)纳米晶和连续分布的非晶相组成.高偏压下制备的涂层厚度超过20μm,纳米硬度可达(34.6±14.1)GPa,具有优良的结合强度(>65 N)和抗冲蚀性能,其抗冲蚀性能相比不锈钢基体提高近8倍.结论 通过与偏压参数的匹配控制,PEMS可有效调控纳米复合涂层的组织结构,实现硬度与弹性模量的良好匹配,制备出具有优良抗冲蚀性能、厚度达到20μm以上的TiAlVSiCN纳米晶-非晶复合涂层.     

镍稀土对FeCrMoCBSi系非晶合金涂层性能的影响

设计了制备FeCrMoCBSi系非晶合金涂层用的粉芯线材L1和添加镍稀土的对比配方L2,用电弧喷涂技术制备了两种非晶合金涂层.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、显微硬度仪测试了涂层的组织结构与性能,采用冲蚀磨损测试设备测试了两种涂层在30 °和90 °冲蚀角下的耐冲蚀磨损性能,并用SEM观察了涂层冲蚀后的表面形貌.结果表明,添加镍稀土的L2涂层与L1相比,非晶相含量升高了5.7 %,组织结构更加致密,截面平均显微硬度提高了149.6 HV0.1,晶化转变温度Tx增加了7 K,涂层在相同测试条件下的耐冲蚀性能也有所提高.     

金属喷涂工艺与设备

20093268热喷涂Zn-Al-Mg-RE涂层组织及耐蚀性能研究/刘燕…//金属热处理.-2008,33(11):52~54采用高速电弧喷涂(HVAS)及粉芯丝材技术制备了Zn-Al-Mg-RE涂层。结合SEM、XRD、电位-时间曲线及极化曲线等试验方法对涂层腐蚀前后表面形貌、相组成、电化学腐蚀性能进行了表征和测试。结果表明,制备的Zn-Al-Mg-RE涂层组织致密,与基体结合良好,涂层中存在提高耐蚀性的尖晶石氧化物;涂层腐蚀过程中,表面的微观孔隙能够被自身的腐蚀产物有效堵塞,从而阻止腐蚀反应的进行,其自封闭特性起到了积极作用。图6表1参620093269铁基非晶纳米晶涂层组织与冲蚀性能分析/梁秀兵…//焊接学报.-2009,30(2):61~64利用高速电弧喷涂技术成功制备了FeCrBSi Mn-NbY系和FeBSi NbCr系非晶纳米晶涂层。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等设备对涂层的组织结构进行了表征,重点分析了非晶的形成机制,并对涂层的高温冲蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明,FeCrBSi MnNbY系和FeBSi NbCr系涂层的组织主要由非晶相和α(Fe,Cr)相纳米晶组成;两种涂层结构致密,组织均匀,孔...     

金属喷涂工艺与设备

20093268热喷涂Zn-Al-Mg-RE涂层组织及耐蚀性能研究/刘燕…//金属热处理.-2008,33(11):52~54采用高速电弧喷涂(HVAS)及粉芯丝材技术制备了Zn-Al-Mg-RE涂层。结合SEM、XRD、电位-时间曲线及极化曲线等试验方法对涂层腐蚀前后表面形貌、相组成、电化学腐蚀性能进行了表征和测试。结果表明,制备的Zn-Al-Mg-RE涂层组织致密,与基体结合良好,涂层中存在提高耐蚀性的尖晶石氧化物;涂层腐蚀过程中,表面的微观孔隙能够被自身的腐蚀产物有效堵塞,从而阻止腐蚀反应的进行,其自封闭特性起到了积极作用。图6表1参620093269铁基非晶纳米晶涂层组织与冲蚀性能分析/梁秀兵…//焊接学报.-2009,30(2):61~64利用高速电弧喷涂技术成功制备了FeCrBSi Mn-NbY系和FeBSi NbCr系非晶纳米晶涂层。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等设备对涂层的组织结构进行了表征,重点分析了非晶的形成机制,并对涂层的高温冲蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明,FeCrBSi MnNbY系和FeBSi NbCr系涂层的组织主要由非晶相和α(Fe,Cr)相纳米晶组成;两种涂层结构致密,组织均匀,孔...     

等离子喷涂纳米ZrO2复合陶瓷涂层冲蚀行为

以常规和纳米团聚体ZrO3-7wt%Y2O3复合陶瓷粉末为材料,采用等离子喷涂工艺在TC4钛合金表面制备了常规和纳米结构陶瓷涂层,并对其进行冲蚀实验,研究了涂层微观组织和性能对涂层抗冲蚀性能的影响,以及不同工艺参数下涂层冲蚀性能.用扫描电镜(SEM)和XRD分析了涂层组分和微观结构,同时利用显微硬度计对涂层的硬度进行了测试.结果表明,等离子喷涂纳米ZrO2涂层抗冲蚀性能明显高于常规ZrO2涂层.当冲蚀角为90°时冲蚀失重最大,表现为脆性冲蚀,随着速度的增大冲蚀失重也随之增加.等离子喷涂纳米ZrO2涂层由熔化区和部分熔化区组成,部分熔化区属微纳米结构,熔化区在沉积急冷和冲击应力的作用下会形成细晶,微纳米结构与细晶共同作用下的纳米陶瓷涂层的平均粒度将远远小于常规陶瓷涂层的平均粒度,使其硬度增加;微纳米区域在涂层中其局部晶界的强度特别高,裂纹难以沿着晶界扩展,起到了良好的增韧的作用,硬度和韧性的提高使涂层的抗冲蚀性能增强.     

铝基非晶纳米晶复合涂层研究

采用自动化高速电弧喷涂系统,用自行研制的粉芯丝材,在AZ91镁合金基体表面上制备出Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析了Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层的微观形貌和组织结构,结果表明Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层是由非晶相和纳米晶化相共同组成的,涂层结构致密,孔隙率约为1.8%.Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层的平均显微Vickers硬度值为311.7 HV0 1,结合强度为26.8 MPa.涂层的抗磨损耐腐蚀性能优于Al涂层和AZ91镁合金基体;其相对耐磨性约为Al涂层的10倍,为AZ91镁合金的6倍;其自腐蚀电位值正于Al涂层及AZ91镁合金,自腐蚀电流密度值约为Al涂层的1/2,AZ91镁合金的1/5;其腐蚀后的表面形貌比Al涂层和AZ91镁合金平整,点蚀较少.Al-Ni-Y-Co非晶纳米晶复合涂层的耐磨防腐综合性能优异.     

激光重熔对电弧喷涂含非晶相铁基涂层性能的影响

目的提高电弧喷涂含非晶相Fe基涂层的抗冲蚀及耐腐蚀性能。方法采用YAG脉冲激光器对电弧喷涂含非晶相Fe基涂层进行激光重熔处理。通过X-ray、SEM、冲蚀磨损和电化学等检测手段,研究该涂层重熔后的组织结构、冲蚀磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能。结果电弧喷涂含非晶相Fe基涂层经激光重熔后发生了晶化,并随着功率的增加,非晶含量降低,硬度也降低。重熔后,涂层与基体的结合方式由之前的机械咬合转变为冶金结合,涂层的致密度明显提高,组织缺陷减少。与喷涂层相比,0.3k W激光重熔涂层的抗冲蚀性能在30°攻角下可提高3倍,在90°攻角下可提高将近6倍。重熔层的冲蚀磨损机制在低冲角时以显微切削为主,高冲角时则以挤压破碎为主。随着激光功率的增加,重熔涂层的抗冲蚀性能降低。同时,在3.5%NaCl溶液中,重熔层的耐蚀性能随重熔激光功率的提高而提高,并且重熔层的腐蚀电流密度比喷涂层明显降低。结论激光重熔不但改善了电弧喷涂含非晶相Fe基涂层与基体间的结合状态,同时也增强了涂层的耐蚀和耐磨性能,是一种有效提升涂层性能的后处理工艺。     

金属喷涂、堆焊与修复——金属喷涂工艺与设备

铁基非晶纳米晶涂层组织及磨损性能研究 利用高速电弧喷涂技术在45钢基体上制备了FeCrBSiMnNbY系非晶纳米晶涂层。采用扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、透射电镜和X射线衍射仪等设备对涂层的组织结构进行了表征,着重分析了非晶纳米晶的形成机制,并利用湿砂橡胶轮式磨损试验机对涂层的磨损性能进行了研究。结果表明;     

激光重熔对Fe基非晶合金涂层抗冲蚀性能的影响

采用YAG脉冲激光器对电弧喷涂Fe基非晶涂层进行激光重熔处理。通过X-ray、SEM、冲蚀磨损和硬度测量仪等检测手段,研究非晶合金涂层在重熔后的组织结构、硬度和抗冲蚀性能的变化。结果表明:电弧喷涂铁基非晶合金在激光重熔后发生晶化,重熔层非晶含量随功率升高而降低。激光重熔基本消除了非晶涂层的层状结构、残余的气孔和裂纹,平整了涂层表面,提高了涂层韧性,显著改善了涂层的抗冲蚀性能。对喷涂1层的非晶涂层进行重熔时,重熔层的冲蚀磨损量约为喷涂层的1/10,约为基体Q345的1/5。对喷涂5层的非晶涂层进行重熔时,选择0. 1 kW低功率有利于获得较好的抗冲蚀性能。当涂层较厚而激光重熔未熔透时,涂层内应力会随激光功率增大而升高,并导致涂层开裂。当5层非晶涂层被熔透时,抗冲蚀性能显著提高。     

Synthesis and Erosion Behaviors of Nanoscale Coatings Prepared by Wire Arc Spraying

The effects of erosive parameters,such as impact angles and environment temperature,on erosion properties of FeBSiCrMnNb nanoscale coatings were investigated.A series of coatings were prepared by wire arc spraying process.The microstructure of the coating consists of amorphous andα(Fe,Cr)nanocrystalline phase.The nanocrystals with average size of 39 nm are homogenously dispersed in amorphous matrix.The erosion results reveal that the coating exhibits better erosion resistance at lower impact angle.The erosion rates of the coating decrease as function of environment temperature.The relatively erosion resistance of the nanoscale coating is 3.7 times higher than that of AISI1045 steel substrate at 650°C.The main failure mechanism of the coating is brittle fracture.     

Novel In Situ Transformable Coating for Elevated-Temperature Applications

This article presents a new glass forming twin wire-arc thermal spray coating which is applicable to elevated temperature environments involving erosion and corrosion. When sprayed using conventional twin wire-arc spray technology, primarily amorphous coating is obtained containing an amorphous matrix with very small nanocrystalline precipitates that are less than 10 nm in size. The as-sprayed coating is found to be very hard and abrasion resistant. However, during elevated temperature exposure such as in coal-fired or biomass boiler environments, the coating may devitrify into fully nanocrystalline state consisting of α-Fe and M₂(BC)₁ phases. When this occurs the microhardness is found to increase dramatically by over 200 kg/mm² which leads to an increase in abrasion resistance by a factor of 3.5 with an analogous increase in erosion resistance. Due to the significance of these beneficial changes in coating behavior, the kinetics of the devitrification transformation was investigated using isothermal experiments and modeled with classical nucleation theory. Predictive behavior was then enabled through the development of a time-temperature-transformation diagram to model the devitrification transformation under specific thermal exposures, which was additionally confirmed by experimentation.     

高速电弧喷涂Fe3Al/WC复合涂层高温冲蚀行为研究

采用自行研制的新型热喷涂Fe3Al/WC复合合金粉芯丝材,成功地用高速电弧喷技术制备出了Fe3Al金属化合物基金属陶瓷复合涂层。对涂层成分、显微组织、涂层相结构和组成进行了分析,结果表明,涂层由以Fe-26Al为主的Fe3Al基体相与约20%的WC、W2C和 a-Al2O3相组成。对比研究了Fe3Al/WC涂层和电站锅炉钢20 g从室温至650 ℃氧化环境条件下不同攻角的高温冲蚀磨损性能,结果表明Fe3Al/WC涂层的高温冲蚀磨损抗力高于20 g钢,650 ℃和30°攻角下的稳态相对冲蚀磨损抗力为20 g钢的3.14倍。温度对Fe3Al/WC涂层的冲蚀行为有较大影响：温度 < 450℃,涂层的冲蚀率变化不大,表现出塑性材料的冲蚀行为;温度 >450 ℃,涂层冲蚀率变化较大,呈现典型的脆性材料冲蚀磨损行为。并对其高温冲蚀磨损机理进行了分析。     

Amorphization of Fe38Ni30Si16B14V2 surface layers by laser cladding

Fe38Ni30Si16B14V2 amorphous composite coatings were fabricated by laser cladding on AISI 1045 steel in order to increase the wear resistance. The phase and microstructure of the coatings were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy. The wear properties of the coatings were also investigated by means of sliding wear test. The results show that the coating consists of amorphous phase in majority and nanocrystalline phase in minority. The amorphous coatings can be obtained while the scanning speed is 3 500 mm/min and the laser power is 4.8 kW. With increase of the laser power, the amorphous phase in the coating increases when it is lower than 4.8 kW. A gradient distribution of the microhardness ranges from Hv0.2 1 208 to Hv0.2 891 in the coating from top surface of the coating to the substrate. The amorphous coating is found to possess better property of wear than AISI 1045 steel substrate.     

Microstructure dependent erosion in Cr3C2-20(NiCr) coating deposited by a detonation gun

Cr₃C₂-20(NiCr) coating powder was deposited on a low carbon steel by pulsed detonation spray gun technique. The coated samples were heat-treated at 600 °C for 11/2 h and allowed to cool in air. A systematic microstructural study was carried out using SEM and TEM to understand the microstructural changes. The mechanical properties like hardness, indentation fracture toughness and adhesion strength of the coating in the as-sprayed and heat-treated conditions were also determined. The change in solid particle erosion of the coating was correlated with the microstructural and subsequent mechanical property changes. It was observed that exposure of the as-sprayed coating to elevated temperature improves the wear resistance. It is concluded that crystallisation of the amorphous phase into nanocrystalline composite combined with better bonding between the adjacent splats through sintering contributes to improved hardness, fracture toughness and wear resistance of the heat-treated coating. The deformation characteristics of the binder phase, amorphous vis-à-vis crystalline, also influence the wear behaviour of the coating.     

High-Temperature Erosion Resistance of FeBSiNb Amorphous Coatings Deposited by Arc Spraying for Boiler Applications

Erosive high-temperature wear in boilers is one of the main causes of downtime and one of the principal engineering problems in these installations. This article discusses the use of FeBSiNb amorphous coatings synthesized by arc spraying to improve elevated-temperature erosion resistance for boiler applications. The influence of test temperature, velocity, and impact angle on material wastage was revealed using air solid particle erosion rig. The experimental results showed that moderate degradation of the coating was predominant at lower impact velocity and impact angles, while severe damage arose for higher velocities and impact angles. The erosion behavior of the coating was sensitive to test temperature. The erosion rates of the coating decreased as a function of environment temperature. The relationship between microstructure and erosion resistance of the coating was also analyzed in details. The FeBSiNb coating had excellent elevated-temperature erosion resistance at temperatures at least up to 600 °C during service.     

钢基电镀铝层阳极氧化处理后的组织结构和性能

用扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射分析（XRD）测定了Q235钢上电镀铝层在硫酸溶液中不同时间阳极氧化处理后的组织结构和表面形貌，并对其硬度和耐蚀性能进行了测试。结果表明：电镀铝层经不同时间阳极氧化处理后，表面由非晶态Al2O3相和Al相组成，其上存在有纳米级的孔洞。随着氧化时间的延长，非晶态Al2O3相增多，Al相减少，氧化膜厚度增加，表面孔洞尺寸增大；氧化膜的硬度呈现先增加后降低，最后趋于稳定，且都显著高于电镀铝层的硬度。并且电镀铝层经阳极氧化处理后，在3．5％NaCl溶液中的电化学耐蚀性能大幅度增加，但随着阳极氧化处理时间的延长，电镀铝层的耐蚀性能降低。     

高速电弧喷涂FeNiCrBSiNbW非晶涂层组织结构与力学性能对热处理温度的响应∗

Fe 基非晶涂层因较高的性价比、良好的耐蚀性而广泛应用于众多工业领域,但其在高温环境下的使役性能会因微观结构的变化而发生改变。 为了探讨 Fe 基非晶涂层组织结构与力学性能对热处理温度的响应,利用高速电弧喷涂技术制备 FeNiCrBSiNbW 非晶涂层,随后对其进行不同温度热处理,获得三种具有不同组织结构的涂层。 采用 X 射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、电子万能试验机、显微硬度计、纳米压痕仪对不同热处理温度下涂层的组织结构和力学性能进行表征。 结果表明:FeNiCrBSiNbW 涂层中非晶相的晶化过程包括初晶晶化与共晶晶化;随着热处理温度的升高,涂层的非晶相含量、孔隙率、结合强度与断裂韧性逐渐降低,而涂层的硬度与弹性模量不断增大。 研究成果对调控高速电弧喷涂 Fe 基非晶涂层的组织结构与力学性能有一定的指导意义。     

Wear and Corrosion Behaviors of FeCrBSiNbW Amorphous/Nanocrystalline Coating Prepared by Arc Spraying Process

FeCrBSiNbW coatings were synthesized using robotically manipulating twin wires arc spraying system. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the coating were characterized. The coating has a laminated structure, and its porosity is 2.8%. The microstructure of the coating consists of amorphous and α-(Fe,Cr) nanocrystalline. The nanocrystalline grains with a scale of 20-75 nm are homogenously dispersed in amorphous matrix. The results show that FeCrBSiNbW coating has excellent wear and corrosion resistance. The wear resistance of the coating is about 4.6 times higher than that of 3Cr13 coating under the same testing condition. In 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution, the amorphous/nanocrystalline coating presents lower I _corr values in polarization curves and higher fitted R _t values in EIS plots than that of the 0Cr18Ni9 coating (chemical composition by EDAX analysis: C1.07-O12.38-Si0.49-Cr15.18-Mn0.89-Ni7.09-Fe62.24 at.%).     

强流脉冲电子束表面改性FeCrAl涂层的显微组织及耐高温腐蚀性能研究

目的改善FeCrAl涂层表面组织,提高其耐高温盐溶液腐蚀性能。方法用电弧喷涂方法在45碳钢表面制备FeCrAl(Cr 25.5%,Al 5.5%,Fe余量)涂层。用强流脉冲电子束(HCPEB)对FeCrAl涂层进行表面改性处理,工作参数为:脉冲宽度200μs,能量密度分别为20、25、30、40 J/cm^2。处理脉冲次数均为1次。通过金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对改性层形貌进行分析,通过电子探针方法测量改性前后涂层中Fe、Cr、Al和O元素的分布变化,利用X射线衍射分析对比改性层的相成分组成。在温度650℃下,以Na2SO4+K2SO4饱和盐溶液为腐蚀介质,测试FeCrAl涂层的高温腐蚀性能,并对腐蚀表面形貌进行分析。结果HCPEB处理FeCrAl涂层发生表层重熔,原始粗糙疏松的涂层组织变得光滑致密,表面出现分离的球冠状凸起,凸起内部由排列紧密的Fe-Cr柱状晶组成,Al元素向凸起结构的表面和周围凹陷处聚集。随HCPEB处理能量密度增大,凸起结构尺寸增加,涂层表面的Fe2O3相消失,α-Al2O3相含量增多。经120h高温腐蚀后,原始涂层腐蚀增重63.8 mg/cm^2,HCPEB能量密度20 J/cm^2处理的样品腐蚀增重51 mg/cm^2。结论使用HCPEB在脉冲宽度200μs和能量密度20 J/cm^2下处理FeCrAl涂层后,其高温腐蚀增重较原始涂层减少20%,而使用过高的HCPEB能量密度处理会导致FeCrAl涂层表面结构和耐高温腐蚀性能变差。