高温变形条件下5A02铝合金的塑性成形性能（英文）

以5A02铝合金冷轧板材为研究对象,通过单向拉伸试验和金相试验对不同变形温度、应变速率条件下5A02铝合金的塑性性能进行分析,并且借助试验数据和Zener-Hollomon参数模型,对高温条件下5A02铝合金的本构模型进行研究。结果表明:5A02铝合金在高温条件下变形时,应变速率和变形温度对延伸率的影响很大。在应变速率为0.01、0.001、0.0005和0.0001s~(-1)条件下,当变形温度大于250℃时,5A02铝合金的延伸率大于100%。当变形温度为150～250℃时,5A02铝合金的真实应力-应变曲线属于动态回复型,而当变形温度大于250℃时,流变应力曲线存在明显的软化现象。     

7A85铝合金热压缩流变行为与本构方程研究

通过在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上进行高温压缩试验,研究了7A85铝合金在变形温度为250～450℃、应变速率为0.001～1 s-1条件下的高温流变行为。研究表明,7A85铝合金在热压缩过程中发生了明显的动态回复与动态再结晶;变形抗力随温度的降低而增加,当温度低于300℃时变形抗力增加明显,同时变形抗力随应变速率的增大而增大;应变速率和流变应力之间满足指数关系,温度和流变应力之间满足Arrhenius方程;采用线性回归方法获得了7A85铝合金高温条件下流变应力的本构方程。     

6016铝合金高温流变应力行为研究

在变形温度为420～540℃、应变速率为0.001～1 s-1的条件下,在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上采用圆柱体等温热压试验对6016铝合金的热变形流变应力行为进行研究,讨论实验条件对应变硬化指数n和应变速率敏感性指数m的影响.结果表明:6016铝合金流变应力受应变速率和变形温度的影响明显,流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随应变速率提高而增大;当温度大于420℃时,应变硬化指数n受温度和应变速率的影响较小;当温度为500℃、应变速率为0.001 s-1时,其应变速率敏感性指数m达到0.3036;可用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦形式来描述6016铝合金热压缩变形时的流变应力行为;热变形流变应力的拟合曲线与实验曲线能很好吻合.     

AZ31B镁合金高温拉伸变形行为的研究

通过高温拉伸试验,研究了AZ31B镁合金板材在250～450℃以及应变速率0.001 s-1、0.01 s-1条件下的高温变形行为,获得了材料的厚向异性系数、伸长率等成形性能参数及有关组织特征.结果表明,不同变形条件下AZ31B合金的真应力-真应变曲线均出现峰值,峰值应力随变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低而减小;硬化速率随变形温度的升高而降低,在温度高于250℃时变化不大.当变形温度为250 ℃,应变速率为0.001 s-1时,合金的厚向异性系数达到最大.随变形温度的升高,AZ31B镁合金的塑性显著提高.合金的动态再结晶温度为250℃,随着应变速率增大,合金发生动态再结晶的速度加快.     

6016铝合金高温流变应力行为研究

在变形温度420～540℃、应变速率0.001～1 s-1时,利用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机采用圆柱体等温热压缩试验对6016铝合金热变形流变应力行为进行研究,讨论实验条件对应变硬化指数n和应变速率敏感性指数m的影响.结果表明:6016铝合金流变应力受应变速率和变形温度的影响明显,流变应力随变形温度升高而降低,随应变速率提高而增大;当温度大于420℃时,应变硬化指数n受温度和应变速率影响较小;温度为500℃、应变速率为0.001s-1时,其应变速率敏感性指数m达到0.3036;可用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦形式来描述6016铝合金热压缩变形时的流变应力行为;拟合曲线与实验曲线能很好吻合.     

细晶1420铝锂合金超塑变形行为

通过单轴超塑性拉伸试验,研究细晶1420铝锂合金在440℃⁵00℃温度范围和1×10-4s-1500℃温度范围和1×10-4s-1¹×10-2s-1初始应变速率范围内的超塑性变形行为,揭示其变形性能与工艺参数的相关性。结果表明,细晶1420铝锂合金超塑变形真应力-真应变曲线呈现两种典型的流变特征,即当变形初始应变速率低于0.0003s-1时,表现为稳态型;当初始应变速率高于0.0003s-1时,以软化型为主,且随着变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低,峰值应力降低。合金的最佳超塑性变形条件为480℃、1×10-4s-1,在该条件下,延伸率达到550%。随着应变速率的升高,延伸率降低;随变形温度的升高,延伸率则呈先升高后降低的趋势。利用多试样法进行线性拟合,获得试验条件下细晶1420铝锂合金的应变速率敏感性指数m值在0.411×10-2s-1初始应变速率范围内的超塑性变形行为,揭示其变形性能与工艺参数的相关性。结果表明,细晶1420铝锂合金超塑变形真应力-真应变曲线呈现两种典型的流变特征,即当变形初始应变速率低于0.0003s-1时,表现为稳态型;当初始应变速率高于0.0003s-1时,以软化型为主,且随着变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低,峰值应力降低。合金的最佳超塑性变形条件为480℃、1×10-4s-1,在该条件下,延伸率达到550%。随着应变速率的升高,延伸率降低;随变形温度的升高,延伸率则呈先升高后降低的趋势。利用多试样法进行线性拟合,获得试验条件下细晶1420铝锂合金的应变速率敏感性指数m值在0.41⁰.48范围内,超塑变形激活能Q在43.5kJ/mol0.48范围内,超塑变形激活能Q在43.5kJ/mol⁷9.7kJ/mol范围内。     

7A04铝合金压缩力学性能的各向异性

采用Gleeble-3800型热模拟试验机进行压缩试验,变形温度为320～480℃、应变速率为0.1～1 s-1.压缩方向与7A04铝合金棒材轴向分别成0°、45°、90°.结果表明:7A04铝合金高温变形的流变应力随温度的升高和应变速率的降低而减小;在低温(T=320℃)和小应变速率(ε=0.1 s-1)的条件下7A04铝合金的各向异性最明显;在高温(T=480℃)和小应变速率(ε=0.1 s-1)的条件下,7A04铝合金的各向异性最不明显.     

挤压态7075铝合金高温流变行为及神经网络本构模型

采用Gleeble1500D热模拟实验机研究挤压态7075铝合金在变形温度为250～450℃、应变速率为0.01～10s-1下单道次压缩过程的高温流变行为。结果表明:材料在350℃及以下变形时,流变应力曲线呈动态回复型;在温度为350℃以上、应变速率为0.1s-1时,流变曲线局部陡降明显;当应变速率为10s-1时,流变曲线发生波动,呈动态再结晶型;挤压态7075铝合金的流变应力曲线峰值应力及稳态应力均高于铸态合金的,且在变形温度较高时,挤压态材料更易于发生动态软化。基于BP神经网络建立挤压态7075铝合金的本构关系模型,预测值与实验值对比表明:所建立的本构模型整体误差在5.35%以内,拟合度为2.48%,该模型可以用于描述7075铝合金的高温变形流变行为,为该合金热变形过程分析和有限元模拟提供基础。     

变形条件对2124铝合金超厚板流变行为与显微组织的影响

在Gleeble-1500热/力机上进行了变形条件对2124铝合金超厚板流变行为与显微组织的影响规律的系列实验研究,得到了不同变形条件下2124铝合金超厚板高温压缩成形过程中的流变曲线。实验结果表明,2124铝合金在0.01s-1~1s-1范围内,高温压缩变形过程存在近稳态流变特征,近稳态流变应力随着应变速率的降低和变形温度的升高而降低。当应变速率为10s-1时,真应力-真应变曲线出现锯齿状,说明合金发生动态再结晶现象。利用OM和TEM分别研究了变形温度、应变速率、应变量对2124铝合金高温压缩变形显微组织的影响,在此基础上,分析并建立了2124铝合金热压缩变形发生动态再结晶的临界条件。     

6061铝合金高温拉伸流变行为

利用Gleeble3500热模拟试验机对6061铝合金进行高温拉伸实验,研究变形温度为365℃~565℃和应变速率为0.01s-1~1s-1条件下6061铝合金的高温拉伸流变行为。结果表明,6061铝合金属于正应变速率敏感材料,流变应力随应变速率的增加而增大,随温度的增加而降低;通过线性回归分析计算6061铝合金的应力指数n及变形激活能Q,获得其高温拉伸条件下的流变应力本构方程。     

基于加工图的7085铝合金热成形性能研究

针对7085铝合金航空构件的热加工工艺问题,对7085铝合金在300～450℃和0.0001～1 s-1条件下进行等温压缩实验,建立了7085铝合金热加工图并且分析了7085铝合金热成形性.结果表明:温度340～450℃、应变速率0.0001～1s-1为加工安全区;失稳区域为温度300～340℃、应变速率0.01～1 s-1,在此区域加工时,形成绝热剪切带且带内组织为剧烈拉长晶粒;潜在危险加工区域为温度300～340℃、应变速率0.0001～0.01 s-1;建议在温度340～410℃、应变速率0.0004～1 s-1选择工艺参数.     

High temperature tensile properties of hypereutectic Al-25Si based alloy

The high temperature tensile deformation of a hypereutectic Al-25Si based alloy fabricated by spray forming and subsequent hot extrusion was investigated. Tensile tests were conducted at various temperatures and strain rates. It was revealed that the ductility of the alloy is sensitive to both the test temperature and strain rate. At a given strain rate, the peak value of elongation was obtained at 500 °C. At 490 °C and above, the peak value of elongation was observed at a strain rate of 1.0 × 10^-2 s^-1, although the elongation increased with decreasing strain rate at 460 °C and below. The high elongation was exhibited when a high strain rate sensitivity index (m value) was attained and a liquid phase existed during deformation. The liquid phase appeared as a filament-like structure which is aligned with the tensile direction on the fracture surface of the tensile deformed specimen. A higher elongation (>35%) was obtained when the volume fraction of the liquid phase was 0.7%-1.7%. The maximum elongation of 75% was achieved when the volume fraction of the liquid phase was about 1%. The transition of the activation energy was observed at 430 °C when incipient melting occurred.     

5A90铝锂合金热态下本构关系研究

进行了5A90铝锂合金在200℃~450℃温度范围和0.3×10-3s-1~0.2×10-1s-1应变速率范围内的单向拉伸试验。结果表明,5A90铝锂合金的流动应力随变形温度的升高而减小,随应变速率的增大而增大;而其最大延伸率的变化趋势与流动应力的相反;最佳的成形温度范围在400℃左右。通过试验数据的计算及拟合,得到了任意温度下5A90铝锂合金应力-应变-应变速率关系的本构方程。     

Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)非晶合金的高温变形性能

通过高温拉伸及胀形实验,研究了Fe78Si9B13非晶合金的塑性变形性能。高温拉伸的温度范围为430℃~530℃,初始应变速率为1.67×10-4s-1~1.67×10-3s-1。利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对高温变形后的微观组织进行了分析。高温拉伸的延伸率随温度的升高先增大后减小,450℃时达到最大;在450℃,初始应变速率为8.33×10-4s-1时延伸率为40%。在450℃胀形得到半径为5mm、高4mm的近半球试件,显示了Fe78Si9B13非晶合金具有良好的高温变形性能。高温塑性变形过程中伴随着非晶的晶化,使塑性流动应力增大,影响了Fe78Si9B13非晶合金的高温变形性能。     

Al-5Zn-2Mg合金在动态回复过程中的流变软化与微观组织演变(英文)

将7005铝合金在变形温度为300~500°C、应变速率为0.05~50 s-1的条件下进行等温压缩实验,研究材料的流变应力行为及微观组织演变规律,使用金相显微镜(OM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、电子背散射花样(EBSD)等方法观察、分析热压缩试样。通过计算得到7005铝合金的激活能为147 kJ/mol,与纯铝的晶格自扩散能(142kJ/mol)相近。7005铝合金热变形过程中主要的恢复机制为动态回复。在高应变速率(50 s-1)条件下,试样由于变形温升的影响会发生流变软化。经过温升修正后,在较高变形温度下材料依然存在软化现象。通过微观组织分析可知,该现象主要与材料动态回复过程中晶界迁移引起的晶粒粗化有关。     

Manufacturing of aluminum alloy ultra-thick plates by multidirectional forging and subsequent rolling

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Allotropic phase transformation and high-temperature tensile deformation behaviour of powder metallurgy Ti-5553 alloy

Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr metastable beta titanium alloy was prepared by rapid thermomechanical powder consolidation approach from blended elemental powder mixture. Allotropic phase transformation and high-temperature tensile behaviour of the consolidated powder metallurgy Ti-5553 alloy were investigated in this work. The studied alloy has a high β phase transformation temperature of 975 °C±5 °C, which is higher than other conventional ingot metallurgy Ti-5553 alloys. The β grains in the microstructure of the alloy are coarsened significantly with increasing the heating temperature from 890 °C to 1050 °C, however, the grain coarsening tendency is mitigated when the heat treatment temperature reach to the range of 1080 °C–1100 °C. The high-temperature tensile mechanical properties of the alloy are sensitive to both the deformation temperature and strain rate, and superplastic deformation of the alloy was achieved at the condition of 850 °C/0.001 s⁻¹ with the tensile elongation of 103.5%. The microstructural evolution characteristics and the fracture mechanisms of the alloy are varied with changing the deformation variables, which are revealed by the microstructure observation of the fractured specimens from different sampling positions.     

Superplastic behavior of a TiAl-based alloy

Superplastic behavior under the conditions of a temperature range from 850 to 1075°C and strain rates varying from 8×10⁻⁵ to 1×10⁻³ s⁻¹ was investigated for Ti–33Al–3Cr–0.5Mo (wt%) alloy with a very fine grain size obtained by the multi-step thermal mechanical treatment. The results show that the TiAl-based alloy with a hot-deformed fine grain size possesses good superplasticity. It exhibits a strain rate sensitivity coefficient of 0.9 at a strain rate of 3×10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ and temperature from 1000 to 1075°C. Moreover, the strain rate sensitivity coefficient is stable during the hot deformation, and a tensile elongation of 517% was obtained at 1075°C and a strain rate of 8×10⁻⁵ s⁻¹. The superplastic behavior of the present fine-grained TiAl-based alloy can be explained by the local strain hardening and high m value during the tensile deformation. Microstructure evolution in the superplastic deformation was also discussed.     

汽车用5182铝合金温变形行为及组织

通过单向温拉伸试验以及扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,研究了汽车用5182铝合金板在变形温度为323~573 K,应变速率为0.001~0.1 s-1条件下的流变行为及微观组织。结果表明,在变形温度≥448 K、应变速率.ε=0.001 s-1条件下,5182合金出现明显的峰值应力,而当应变速率0.01~0.1 s-1时,合金的流变应力呈现稳态;当应变速率.ε=0.001 s-1时,随着变形温度的升高,合金单向温拉伸断口由典型的混合型断裂特征演变成典型的韧性断裂特征,合金产生了动态再结晶。     

Temperature and grain size dependence of superplasticity in a Zn−0.3wt.%Al alloy

The superplastic deformation behavior of quasi-single phase Zn-0.3 wt. %Al was investigated. A series of load relaxation and tensile tests was conducted at various temperatures ranging from RT (20 °C) to 200 °C. The recently proposed internal variable theory of structural superplasticity was applied. The flow curves obtained from load relaxation tests were shown to consist of contributions from interface sliding (IS) and accommodating plastic deformation. In the case of quasi-single phase Zn-0.3 wt.% Al alloy with an average agrain size of 1 μm, the IS behavior could be described as a viscous flow process characterized by a power index of M_g=0.5. A large elongation of about 1400% was obtained at room temperature and the strain rate sensitivity parameter was about 0.4. Although relatively large-grained (10 μm) single phase alloy showed a high value of strain rate sensitivity comparable to that of fine-grained alloy at very low strain rate range, IS was not expected from the analysis based on the internal variable theory of structural superplasticity at room temperature. As the temperature increased above 100 °C, however, the contribution from IS was observed at a very low strain rate range. A high elongation of ∼400% was obtained in a specimen of 10-μm-grain-size at 200 °C under a strain rate of 2×10⁻⁴/sec. Jointly appointed at Center for Advanced Aerospace Materials (CAAM)