T6热处理对Al+SiC预制颗粒增强ZL101/ZL101-Mg基复合材料组织和力学性能影响的研究

通过半固态搅拌铸造的方法制备了Al+SiC预制颗粒增强ZL101基及ZL101-Mg基复合材料,研究了T6热处理对该复合材料微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,T6热处理对Al+SiC预制颗粒增强ZL101基复合材料和Al+SiC预制颗粒增强ZL101+Mg基复合材料中SiC颗粒的分布没有明显影响。但T6热处理使Al+SiC预制颗粒增强ZL101复合材料中共晶硅细化,Al+SiC预制颗粒增强ZL101+Mg复合材料中共晶硅长大变粗。T6热处理对Al+SiC预制颗粒增强ZL101复合材料抗拉强度的平均提升率达到了54.44%,对其伸长率的平均提升率为5.47%。对Al+SiC预制颗粒增强ZL101+Mg复合材料抗拉强度的平均提升率为13.52%,对其伸长率的平均提升率为31.5%。     

铸造ZL101A／SiCp复合材料的研究

采用真空搅拌复合工艺制备了铸造ZL101A／SiC复合材料,研究了变质和细化处理对复合材料组织的影响。结果表明：变质和细化处理铸造 ZL101A／SiC复合材料制备工艺的重要处理措施,可明显改善复合材料的组织。利用透射电镜对AL／SiC界面特征及界面反应进行分析,同时对该复合材料的铸造性能（熔体合金流动性能、线收缩、体收缩和热裂倾向）以及力学和物理性能进行了测试。     

Effects of Mg content on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiCp/Al-Mg composites fabricated by semi-solid stirring technique

10%(volume fraction) SiCp/Al-Mg composites with different Mg contents were successfully fabricated by semi-solid mechanical stirring technique under optimum processing conditions.Effects of Mg content on microstructure and mechanical properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results indicate that SiC particles disperse homogeneously in Al-Mg matrix and interfacial reaction between Al matrix and SiC particles is effectively controlled.Distribution of SiCp reinforcement and interfacial bonding are improved by adding Mg.Additionally,the mechanical properties of composites are remarkably improved with the Mg content increasing.     

低过热度浇注SiC_p/Gr/ZL101复合材料组织与性能研究

采用半固态搅拌、低过热度重力浇注的方法制备了SiCp/Gr颗粒复合增强ZL101铝基复合材料。通过显微组织观察、拉伸试验以及阻尼性能测试,研究了不同体积分数SiCp/Gr对铝基复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,通过半固态搅拌、低过热度重力铸造法,使ZL101合金中的初生相α-Al由枝晶形态变为蔷薇状,晶粒明显细化。随着SiCp体积分数的增加,复合材料的抗拉强度先升高后降低,伸长率逐渐下降,复合材料的最高抗拉强度达到191MPa,比ZL101合金提高了32%。SiCp与Gr的加入改善了ZL101合金的阻尼性能,复合材料的内耗值Q-1明显高于基体合金,并且随着SiCp体积分数的增加,复合材料内耗值Q-1逐渐提高。     

SiC_p/ZL101A复合材料的磨损性能

采用真空热压烧结工艺制备了SiC颗粒体积分数分别为10%、20%、30%和40%的ZL101A复合材料,对其硬度与室温干摩擦磨损性能进行了测试分析,同时对其磨损机理进行了探讨。结果发现,复合材料硬度随着SiCp的增加而增加,当SiCp体积分数达到30%时,硬度达到最大值。基体ZL101A的主要磨损机理为粘着磨损,而SiCp/ZL101A复合材料的磨损过程是粘着磨损和磨粒磨损两种机制共同作用的结果。随着SiC颗粒体积分数的增加,粘着磨损所占的比例逐渐降低,从而使SiCp/ZL101A复合材料的磨损性能得以提高。     

SiC_p/ZL201复合材料的力学性能

研究了ＳｉＣｐ尺寸、含量及热处理工艺对铸造ＳｉＣｐ／ＺＬ２０１复合材料的室温和高温力学性能的影响。随ＳｉＣｐ含量的提高和粒子尺寸的增大,复合材料的室温抗拉强度呈下降趋势。随温度升高,基体合金的抗拉强度急剧下降,而复合材料的则下降较小。当温度大于２４０℃时复合材料的抗拉强度高于基体合金,表明ＳｉＣｐ的加入显著提高了基体合金的高温抗拉强度。     

高能超声波搅拌法制备SiCp/ZL101复合材料的研究

用浸渗法制备了SiCp／ZL101复合材料预制块，通过在预制块的稀释过程中施加高能超声波搅拌，获得了增强颗粒弥散均匀，基体合金组织细小的复合材料。实验结果表明，与机械搅拌法相比，高能超声波搅拌法可以显著改善增强颗粒与基体合金润湿性，使颗粒在基体中弥散分布，并可有效避免夹杂和气孔的产生，是一种制备SiCp／ZL101复合材料的理想方法。     

预制块重熔法制备的SiC/Al复合材料的磨损性能研究

本文采用含高体积分数SiC颗粒预制体在高能超声搅拌下加入铝熔体的方法制备SiCP/Al复合材料,研究了复合材料的微观组织特征、硬度和摩擦磨损性能。实验结果表明：高能超声重熔预制块的方法制备的复合材料基体组织形态均匀细小,SiCP颗粒在复合材料中弥散分布,与基体间结合良好;随着SiCP颗粒体积分数的增加,复合材料的硬度上升,耐磨性显著提高。通过对复合材料磨损表面的SEM观察分析表明,在干摩擦条件下,复合材料的磨损机理为微切削磨损和表层剥落及部分粘着磨损的综合作用。     

Effects of Sb Addition on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Mg–9Al–5Sn Alloy

The Mg–9Al–5Sn-xSb(x=0.0,0.3,0.6,1.0,1.5 wt%) alloys were prepared by a simple alloying process followed by hot extrusion with an extrusion ratio of 28.2. The effects of Sb additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg–9 Al–5 Sn alloys were investigated by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. The results indicated that the phases α-Mg matrix, Mg_2_Sn, Mg_3Sb_2 and Mg_17 Al_12 exist in the as-cast Sb-containing alloys. Sb addition results in the precipitation of Mg_3Sb_2. The dendritic size of these alloys decreases with the addition of Sb. Both their ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of extruded alloys increase, and their elongation decreases gradually with increasing the content of Sb. The better mechanical properties of the as-extruded alloys were achieved due to the refined grains and the formation of dispersive second phases Mg_3Sb_2.     

Effect of Sn content on microstructure and tensile properties of as-cast and as-extruded Mg−8Li−3Al−(1,2,3)Sn alloys

The effects of Sn content on microstructure and tensile properties of as-cast and as-extruded Mg−8Li−3Al− (1,2,3)Sn (wt.%) alloys were investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tensile test. It is found that, as-cast Mg−8Li−3Al−(1,2,3)Sn alloys consist of α-Mg+β-Li duplex matrix, MgLiAl₂ and Li₂MgSn phases. Increasing Sn content leads to grain refinement of α-Mg dendrites and increase in content of Li₂MgSn phase. During hot extrusion, complete dynamic recrystallization (DRX) takes place in β-Li phase while incomplete DRX takes place in α-Mg phase. As Sn content is increased, the volume fraction of DRXed α-Mg grains is increased and the average grain size of DRXed α-Mg grains is decreased. Increasing Sn content is beneficial to strength but harmful to ductility for as-cast Mg−8Li−3Al−(1,2,3)Sn alloys. Tensile properties of Mg−8Li−3Al− (1,2,3)Sn alloys are improved significantly via hot extrusion and Mg−8Li−3Al−2Sn alloy exhibits the best tensile properties.     

Microstructure and Lattice Parameters of AlN Particle-Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

Magnesium matrix composites reinforced with AlN particles were fabricated by the powder metallurgy technique. The evolution of lattice constants and solid solubility levels of Al in α-Mg and the microstructure of Mg-Al/AlN composites were investigated in the present study. The results showed that the solid solubility of Al in α-Mg reached a relatively high level by the P/M process with a long time of milling. X-ray diffraction showed that the peaks of Mg phase clearly shifted to higher angles. The lattice constants and cell volume decreased significantly compared with those of standard Mg due to a significant amount of Al incorporated into α-Mg in the form of substitutional solid solution. The degree of lattice deformation decreased at a low sintering temperature and increased at higher sintering temperatures due to the presence of AlN. Microstructural characterization of the composites revealed a necklace distribution of AlN particles in the Mg matrix. Heat treatment led to precipitation of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ from the supersaturated α-Mg solid solution. The precipitate exhibited granular and lath-shaped morphologies in Mg matrix and flocculent precipitation around AlN particles.     

Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-xCe-0.5Zn alloys by nano-indentation

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-xCe-0.5Zn(x=0.5,1.5,2.5,molar fraction,%) alloys were examined using a nano-indentation technique.The alloys were fabricated using a vacuum induction melting method under an argon atmosphere. The microstructures of Mg-xCe-0.5Zn alloys mainly consist ofα-Mg and eutectic Mg12Ce phase.The volume fraction and size of the eutectic Mg12Ce phase increase with increasing Ce contents.Nano-indentation test results show that the indentation hardness and elastic modulus of the eutectic Mg12Ce phase are higher than those of theα-Mg matrix.In addition,the mean indentation hardness and elastic modulus of the Mg-xCe-0.5Zn alloys increase with the Ce addition amount increasing.     

K2Ti6O13/AZ91D镁基复合材料的组织及耐蚀性能

采用液态金属搅拌铸造法制备了K2Ti6O13晶须(PTW)增强AZ91D镁基复合材料,采用动电位极化测试和静态腐蚀试验测试了复合材料的耐腐蚀性能,并利用SEM对复合材料的表面形貌进行了观察和分析。结果表明:PTW对合金铸态组织具有明显的细化作用,而且共晶组织形貌发生明显改变,由完全离异共晶骨骼状的β相转变为部分离异共晶的蜂窝状β相。合金显微组织的细化及β相体积分数的降低,抑制了微电偶腐蚀的破坏作用,提高了AZ91D镁合金的耐蚀性能。     

等通道转角挤压制备超细晶Mg15Al双相合金组织与性能

对高铝双相合金Mg15Al在553K以Bc路线进行了不同道次的等通道挤压(ECAP),获得了超细晶高铝镁合金。通过OM,SEM,TEM分析了ECAP前后合金的微观组织结构及断口形貌,并测试了不同挤压道次后合金的硬度和室温拉伸性能,分析了ECAP细化晶粒机理及其性能改善原因。结果表明,随挤压道次增加,累计形变增强,网状硬脆相β-Mg17Al12破碎,合金晶粒显著细化,但对单相区和两相混合区细化效果不同。在α、β两相共存区内,4道次ECAP后形成100nm～200nm的细晶粒;在α单相区,4道次ECAP后晶粒为1μm以下,且在初晶α-Mg内析出弥散细小的β相,起到细晶强化和弥散强化作用。8道次ECAP后,晶粒略有长大。ECAP使合金的硬度、抗拉强度和延伸率同时得到提高,尤其是4道次ECAP后,硬度提高了32.04%,抗拉强度σb从150MPa提高到269.3MPa,延伸率δ由0.05%提高到7.4%;8道次ECAP后,硬度、抗拉强度略有下降,延伸率略有上升。SEM断口观察显示ECAP使合金拉伸断口形貌由铸态的解理断裂特征转变为延性韧窝断裂特征。     

Effect of Mg-based spherical quasicrystal on microstructures and mechanical properties of ZA54 alloy

To improve the strength,toughness and heat-resistance of magnesium alloy,the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZA54 alloy reinforced by icosahedral quasicrystal phase(I-phase) particles were studied.Exceptα-Mg,φ-phase andτ-phase,MgZnYMn I-phase particles can be obtained in ZA54-based composites by the addition of icosahedral quasicrystal-contained Mg-Zn-Y-Mn master alloy.The introduction of MgZnYMn I-phase into ZA54 alloy has great contribution to the refinement of matrix microstructures and the improvement of mechanical properties.When the addition of Mg-based spherical quasicrystal master alloy is up to 3.5%(mass fraction) ,the macro-hardness of ZA54-based composites is increased to HB 68.The impact toughness of composites reaches the peak value of 18.3 J/cm2,which is about 29%higher than that of ZA54 mother alloy.The highest tensile properties at ambient and elevated temperatures with master alloy addition of 2.5%(473 K) are also obtained in ZA54-based composites with 3.5%(mass fraction) Mg-Zn-Y-Mn master alloy addition.The ultimate tensile strength of composites at ambient and elevated temperatures are 192.5 MPa and 174 MPa,which are 23.4%and 33.8%higher than that of ZA54 mother alloy,respectively. The improved mechanical properties are mainly attributed to the pinning effect of I-phase on grain boundaries.     

合金元素对SiC/Al双连通复合材料力学性能的影响

采用真空压力浸渗方法制备SiC3D/ZL201A双连通复合材料,借助电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)等分析手段,研究合金元素对SiC/Al双连通复合材料组织结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:SiC3D/ZL201A界面存在Cu、Mg等元素的偏聚,界面组织结构得到改善;合金元素导致SiC3D/ZL201A压缩强度高于SiC3D/纯铝,弯曲强度低于SiC3D/纯铝;SiC3D/ZL201A失效形式主要表现为界面断裂,SiC骨架呈现脆性断裂,铝合金基体呈现韧性撕裂断裂;合金元素产物通过钝化裂纹,改变裂纹扩展方向,桥联等作用提高复合材料的力学性能。     

Mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of aluminum matrix composites reinforced by Al_9(Co,Ni)_2 intermetallics

The microstructures and mechanical properties of Al matrix composites reinforced by different volume fractions of Al-Ni-Co intermetallic particles were investigated. Three different volume fractions of Al-Ni-Co particles were added to pure Al matrix using a stir-casting method. Microstructural analysis shows that with the increasing of the reinforcement volume fraction, the matrix grain size decreases and the porosity increases. The mechanical properties of the composites are improved over the matrix materials, except for the decreasing of the ductility. Fracture surface examination indicates that there is a good interfacial bonding between the Al matrix and the Al-Ni-Co particles and the fracture initiation does not occur at the particle-matrix interface.     

真空压铸Mg-7Al(-2Sn)合金组织性能研究及第一性原理计算

利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析、X射线衍射、差热分析及拉伸试验比较分析了2%Sn(质量分数)对真空压铸和固溶态Mg-7Al合金的组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,向Mg-7Al合金中添加2%Sn元素后,能够细化晶粒,抑制Mg17Al12相的生长,在组织中形成新相Mg2Sn,其以颗粒状弥散分布于基体中;固溶处理后Mg-7Al合金中第二相数目明显减少,AT72合金基体中仍存在细小颗粒状Mg2Sn。由于合金组织细化、第二相数量的增加,Mg17Al12相形貌改善以及具有良好热力学性质的Mg2Sn相的析出的综合作用,使得AT72合金表现出比Mg-7Al合金更好的室温及高温拉伸力学性能;固溶处理后的AT72合金表现出更为优异的力学性能,主要强化机制包括:固溶强化和弥散强化。此外,利用第一性原理计算从微观理论角度探讨了Sn合金化Mg-7Al合金力学性能改善的原因。     

Preparation and hydrogen sorption properties of Mg-Cu-Y-H systems

Mg-xwt.%CuY (x=15, 20, 25) composites were successfully prepared by reactive mechanical alloying (RMA).X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement shows that main phases of the as milled composites are MgH2 and Mg2Cu, and they converted into Mg and MgCu2 after dehydrogenation, respectively.Pressure-Composition-Isotherm (PCI) test shows that the composites exhibit double pressure plateau at each isothermal desorption process.The hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the composites become worse with increasing x content, indicating that Mg-Cu phase has a negative effect on the hydrogen sorption properties of the composites.It is supposed that the good hydrogen sorption properties of the composites attribute to the catalyst effect of yttrium hydride distributed in Mg substrate and the particles size reduction and crystal defects formed by RMA.     

非晶颗粒增强纯铝基复合材料的组织与性能

采用机械合金化制备了Al70Ni17Ti13非晶粉末,在450℃下采用无压烧结-热压工艺烧结制备了铝基复合材料,研究了不同含量的非晶粉末的加入对纯铝基复合材料显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:复合材料的硬度随着增强体含量的增加逐渐增加,但其抗拉强度随着增强体含量的增加呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。复合材料的显微硬度由纯铝的46 HV0.01提高到195.3 HV0.01,效果显著。当非晶粉末颗粒体积分数为10%时,抗拉强度达到最大值为196.6 MPa,相比纯铝抗拉强度性能提升了113%。当非晶粉末颗粒体积分数为15%时,复合材料的耐蚀性能最佳。