热处理过程大型铸钢件变形的三维动态测量

本文提出了一种新的铸件变形三维动态测量方法—固定方位角测量法,解决了热处理过程高温无标志点情况下大型铸钢件变形的三维动态测量问题,并建立了相应的数据分析方法.采用该方法对某工厂正火过程强制风冷阶段大型水轮机叶片铸件的翘曲变形行为进行了三维动态测量,获得了整个叶片的翘曲变形过程,并对叶片翘曲变形的测量误差进行了分析.测量结果表明,固定方位角法能有效用于高温和无标志点情况下大型弱刚度铸件翘曲行为的三维动态测量,为研究热处理过程的铸件变形提供了新的方法.     

铝合金5A12钨极氩弧焊板外变形的试验研究

通过自行研制的动态变形测量系统,对焊接过程板外变形进行实时测量.研究钨极氩弧焊接过程中,不同焊接条件下铝合金5A12板外变形动态过程及最终残余变形形态.分析板外变形动态过程及最终残余变形的产生机制及影响因素.结果表明,试板厚度和焊接热输入对焊接板外变形动态过程及最终残余变形有很重要的影响.残余板外变形分为,拱形、波浪形、碗形3种形态.     

铝合金氩弧焊接角变形动态过程表征

利用温度与变形实时测量系统,对铝合金5A12薄板氩弧焊接动态角变形过程进行了试验研究,探讨通过特征值来描述角变形动态行为.通过对温度及变形动态曲线的分析,提出了焊接动态角变形过程的两个特征值,即下挠最大值点和上翘平衡点.并采用正交试验法,研究不同焊接参数条件下动态角变形曲线的变化规律,构建焊接角变形的动态特征曲线的数学模型.结果表明,动态变形特征曲线的数学表达式能够反映焊接角变形的动态变化趋势,下挠最大值、上翘平衡值及下挠和上翘过程中曲线斜率的变化是描述动态变形曲线变化趋势的关键因素.     

焊接变形三维摄影测量技术的研究

结合焊接变形测量研究现状及其发展前景提出了一种基于摄影测量理论的非接触式测量方法.采用该方法对焊接变形进行了动态测量试验研究.结果表明,该方法可以很好的应用于焊接变形动态测量中,并且该方法还可以根据某一时刻备个点的位移值近似计算出整个焊件在此刻的变形云图.     

板料变形三维数字散斑应变测量分析系统研究

针对板料变形中应变检测的常规方法和传统方法存在的不足,通过数字散斑相关方法、计算机双目视觉理论和材料力学理论分析了试件表面变形前后的散斑图像,来动态跟踪试件表面上几何点的运动并得到三维位移场,在此基础上计算得到试件的三维应变场.基于此原理开发了XJTUDIC三维数字散斑动态应变测量分析系统.应用带孔铝质制件进行了单向拉伸实验.测量结果表明,该系统能较好的反映板料变形过程中的三维应变状态,较好的测量试件表面的三维轮廓,直观再现工件表面的变形场、应变场和成形极限图(FLD),对于需要测量的关键点可以实现重点跟踪,动态测量出该点在任意时刻任意位移的应变.该系统可以应用到不同的力学测量现场.     

TA11钛合金高温变形微观组织演变分析

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟实验机对TA11(Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V)钛合金进行变形温度为880～1010℃、应变速率为0.01～50s-1、变形程度为30%和50%的压缩变形实验,研究其在高温变形条件下的动态再结晶行为。基于定向金相测量,通过回归分析建立了TA11钛合金高温变形时初生α相平均晶粒尺寸、动态再结晶体积分数以及动态再结晶晶粒尺寸模型,模型的计算值与实验值的平均误差小于12%,能较好地描述材料在热加工过程中发生动态再结晶的动力学规律。     

航空发动机薄壁壳体零件柔性化制造技术应用研究

为提高柔性制造系统在航空发动机零件加工中的工作效率、产品质量稳定性、机床装备利用率等。文章从柔性制造系统优势分析出发,并探究了航空发动机零件制造过程中传统制造工艺的缺点,然后针对航空发动机零件柔性制造系统技术的应用情况进行了分析与研究。     

焊接变形实验系统的研制

焊接变形实验系统目的是提高实验的科学性,通过高精度差动变压器式位移传感器,对实验中焊接变形的产生进行动态实时测量,把焊接过程中微小变形由记录仪用曲线形式记录下来,供实验分析和研究.     

基于辅助支撑的整体机匣件加工变形规律研究

针对航空发动机机匣整体件加工变形大、难以满足加工精度的问题,采用有限元方法建立了基于辅助支撑的整体机匣件加工变形预测模型,分析了不同辅助支撑方案的加工变形结果。通过工件和辅助支撑模型的构建以及切削力加载方式的研究,开发了动态载荷施加程序,建立了薄壁件车削加工有限元模型;应用所建立的模型分别模拟了普通切削方式和使用辅助支撑方式的加工变形,对比分析了两种方案的加工变形;通过仿真和实验数据的对比分析,验证了仿真模型的正确性,并进一步证明了辅助支撑对加工变形的有效抑制作用;探索了不同辅助支撑元件数目、长度、轴向位置对加工变形的影响,为车削加工中辅助支撑方案的选择提供了参考。     

基于ABAQUS的航空发动机变形齿仿真分析

针对航空发动机变形齿在行运过程中容易产生螺栓松弛和螺栓脱落的问题,采用形状记忆合金复合层压板作为驱动器对其进行结构优化,结合ABAQUS软件进行仿真分析。得到变温作用下形状记忆合金复合层压板的本构关系,通过编制相应的ABAQUS子程序,对变温作用下航空发动机变形齿进行有限元仿真,获得相应的热应力、模态分析、应力分布、应变分布和尖端弯曲挠度值以及变形齿的固有频率等力学行为。数值模拟结果表明,有限元模型与螺栓连接的已有研究以及波音公司的风洞试验结果都非常接近,验证了研究的正确性。研究解决了螺栓松弛等现象,可为航空发动机变形齿的进一步优化设计提供理论指导。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.