TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头高温性能与组织

通过高温拉伸试验、高温持久拉伸试验以及金相分析对TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头的显微组织和高温性能进行了研究.结果表明,用电子束焊接TC4钛合金可获得高温性能良好的焊接接头,其焊接接头的高温抗拉强度为630 MPa,与母材相当.高温持久拉伸时焊接接头在400 ℃下100 h的持久强度大于600 MPa,不低于TC4钛合金母材同等条件下的持久强度.TC4钛合金母材室温下的组织为典型的轧制状态组织,即拉长了的针状α β组织,焊缝组织是由原始β相转变而成的α'相,即针状马氏体.经高温拉伸和高温持久拉伸后焊缝晶粒均明显长大,但其晶粒的长大程度与高温持续时间无关.     

TC4-DT钛合金电子束焊接接头性能研究

对40 mm厚TC4-DT钛合金自由锻件进行焊接。通过对焊接接头显微组织分析及拉伸、冲击等测试,研究了该合金电子束焊接接头的相关性能。经研究发现:TC4-DT锻件具有良好的焊接工艺性能,焊缝为网篮组织,该合金电子束焊接接头的拉伸强度与锻件相当,但冲击韧性与锻件相比略低。     

TC21+TC4-DT线性摩擦焊接头组织与力学性能试验

针对高强TC21和中强TC4-DT异种钛合金进行线性摩擦焊工艺研究,对接头进行不同热处理,接头微观组织和力学性能进行试验分析. 结果表明,TC21 + TC4-DT线性摩擦焊接头飞边成形良好,飞边表面光滑根部无明显缺陷存在;焊态条件下焊缝组织为典型的魏氏组织结构特征,热处理后焊缝组织析出弥散的针状α相,随着热处理温度的升高析出的针状α相逐渐长大粗化,致使接头冲击和断裂性能先上升后下降;接头拉伸性能与TC4-DT母材相当;700℃/3 h热处理接头、母材高周疲劳性能试验结果表明,接头的疲劳极限达到558 MPa,与TC4-DT基体相当,焊缝组织细化是提高接头疲劳极限的重要原因.     

钛合金与CVDNb电子束熔钎焊研究

采用钛合金一侧偏束工艺实现了TC4钛合金和CVDNb的电子束熔钎焊,采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对三种偏束距离的焊缝组织与断口形貌进行了分析,通过接头拉伸试验对接头力学性能进行了评价。结果表明:电子束偏向TC4钛合金0.2 mm、0.5 mm和0.8 mm时,焊缝成形良好,均满足QJ972-86 I级焊缝表面要求。随着电子束偏移距离的增加,焊缝状态由TC4与CVDNb均熔化转变为焊接过程中接头上部CVDNb熔化,下部CVDNb不熔化,依靠与熔化的TC4液态金属的溶解扩散作用达到钎焊连接,钎焊界面的组织主要为含Ti和Nb的扩散层组织,接头的抗拉强度达到200MPa以上,断裂发生在CVDNb母材区,为塑性断裂模式。     

铸造TC4合金电子束焊接工艺研究（英文）

主要探讨铸造TC4合金电子束焊接工艺。为了获得良好的铸造TC4合金电子束焊接接头,作者对焊缝形貌,微观组织和接头拉伸性能进行研究。结果表明:通过调节焊接电流和焊接速度可以获得电子束焊双面成型工艺,但是对于厚板却很难获得双面成形的焊缝形状,经X射线检测焊缝内部质量,能满足检验标准;铸造钛合金电子束焊接接头微观组织构成的母材由板条状α相和β相组成,焊缝区域由针状马氏体组成,热影响区由细针状马氏体、板条状α相和β相组成;铸造TC4电子束焊接接头拉伸性能与母材相当,因此可以通过改善母材的组织成分和显微组织来提高其焊接接头的拉伸强度。冲击试验表明应力集中系数对吸收功有很大的影响。     

Study on the Electron Beam Welding Process of ZTC4 Titanium Alloy

主要探讨铸造TC4合金电子束焊接工艺。为了获得良好的铸造TC4合金电子束焊接接头,作者对焊缝形貌,微观组织和接头拉伸性能进行研究。结果表明:通过调节焊接电流和焊接速度可以获得电子束焊双面成型工艺,但是对于厚板却很难获得双面成形的焊缝形状,经X射线检测焊缝内部质量,能满足检验标准;铸造钛合金电子束焊接接头微观组织构成的母材由板条状α相和β相组成,焊缝区域由针状马氏体组成,热影响区由细针状马氏体、板条状α相和β相组成;铸造TC4电子束焊接接头拉伸性能与母材相当,因此可以通过改善母材的组织成分和显微组织来提高其焊接接头的拉伸强度。冲击试验表明应力集中系数对吸收功有很大的影响。     

TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头组织和性能

通过室温拉伸、室温缺口拉伸、显微硬度以及金相分析对TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头的显微组织和性能进行了研究。试验结果表明，用电子束焊接TC4钛合金可获得性能良好的焊接接头，其接头的抗拉强度不低于母材，焊缝的缺口敏感系数均小于1。焊缝区和热影响区的硬度均高于母材，焊缝组织是由较粗大的原始β相转变而成的α′相，即针状马氏体，热影响区组织为均匀且细小的针状马氏体和原始α相的混合物。     

GTi70与TC4异种钛合金材料激光焊缝组织与性能分析

研究了GTi70与TC4异种钛合金材料激光焊接性能,通过接头常温、高温拉伸强度检测,焊缝组织XRD、OM、SEM检测分析,拉伸断口以及剪切断口形貌SEM分析,论证了异种材料的可焊性. 试验结果显示,异种材料接头常温拉伸强度高于GTi70母材,500,600和750 ℃高温拉伸强度高于TC4母材,焊缝拉伸断口、剪切断口均为韧性断裂,两种材料激光焊接性能良好. 脉冲激光焊缝组织更为细小,焊缝热影响区较窄,母材损伤小,焊缝强度与塑性优于连续激光焊缝.     

电子束局部热处理对TC4钛合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

通过对14.5 mm厚TC4钛合金平板电子束焊接接头的局部热处理,研究了电子束局部热处理对钛合金电子束焊接接头组织、硬度和拉伸性能的影响.结果表明,电子束局部热处理后扫描区内的母材组织晶粒粗化长大,α相在原始β晶界处长大的同时,以层片状或针状的α形态向β晶内生长.局部热处理后冷却速度的降低使焊缝组织中的针状马氏体在分解析出β相的同时转变为α相,变短变厚的α相相互交错排列.另外,局部热处理消除了焊缝和热影响区的硬度突变.同焊后状态相比,局部热处理后焊接接头的整体性能沿焊缝垂直方向得到了均衡和提高,拉伸试样的断裂位置由焊后状态时的热影响区和母材的交界处转移到未经历热处理的母材区域.     

薄板TC4钛合金脉冲电子束焊接技术研究

脉冲电子束焊接是指将电子束流调制成脉冲方波的形式进行焊接的一种先进技术。脉冲束流能提高被焊金属蒸发率,从而提高焊接效率、增加焊缝深宽比。本文采用常规直流电子束和不同频率脉冲电子束对1.2 mm薄板TC4钛合金进行了焊接工艺试验,并对接头进行了微观组织与力学性能检测。结果表明：脉冲电子束焊接能够形成无熔合缺陷的焊缝,随着频率的增加,焊缝咬边和背面余高减小,表面成形得到改善;由于焊接热循环变化,脉冲束流可加快熔池冷却速度,细化组织晶粒;直流和脉冲电子束焊接接头拉伸时均断裂在母材区,拉伸强度不低于母材;高频脉冲电子束可提升焊接接头塑性和焊缝区、热影响区的显微硬度,频率为10 kHz时,焊接接头的断后伸长率可达14.9%,约为母材的80%,焊缝区和热影响区的显微硬度分别为375 HV和368 HV。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.