混凝土锈胀开裂寿命预测模型及其应用研究

采用圆孔扩张理论对混凝土钢筋锈胀过程进行分析,推导了不同钢筋锈胀量对应的塑性区边界混凝土应力及塑性区半径计算公式,在此基础上建立了混凝土锈胀开裂寿命准则及寿命预测模型。锈胀开裂寿命模型分析表明,预测寿命值与钢筋相对保护层厚度m和混凝土等级有直接关系。随着相对厚度m增加,锈胀开裂预测寿命值增加,并且前期增加较快,后期增加较缓慢。混凝土强度等级对预测寿命值影响显著,随混凝土强度增大,混凝土锈胀开裂寿命增大。工程应用表明,该模型预测寿命可为工程的中度维护提供参考。     

沙特波斯湾沿海混凝土结构阴极保护电流密度研究

钢筋的腐蚀对钢筋混凝土结构的使用寿命影响极大,外加电流阴极保护系统能较好地控制钢筋锈蚀,尤其适用于沿海地区受氯盐侵蚀所引起的钢筋腐蚀,本工作重点介绍了在沙特波斯湾沿海一座混凝土结构中所采用的外加电流阴极保护情况,以位于取水口和排水口的阴极保护分区为研究对象,在工场现场对保护电流进行了研究,并对相关的技术参数进行了分析。结果显示,在中东严酷海洋腐蚀环境中的钢筋混凝土结构,外加电流阴极保护系统给混凝土结构提供相对于钢筋表面电流密度大小为5mA/m2的保护最为合适。     

Monitoring of corrosion in reinforced concrete structure using Bragg grating sensing

Corrosion in reinforced concrete structures is a major problem that seriously affects the service life of the structures. In order to detect rebar corrosion, a fiber optic corrosion sensor (FOCS) made of one fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor and twin steel rebar elements was designed and packaged up with concrete. Subsequently, a series of experiments were carried out to verify its feasibility. A constant current accelerated corrosion test was performed on five fiber optic corrosion sensors and the relationship between reflected wavelength change from the grating and the weight loss rate of rebar was obtained by the gravimetric weight loss method. The experiment shows that it is feasible to monitor the degree of corrosion of reinforced steel in reinforced concrete structures using FOCS.     

碳化混凝土再碱化过程中钢筋在Ca（OH）2溶液中的电极过程

研究了碳化混凝土再碱化过程中钢筋在Ca(OH)2溶液中的电极表面电化学反应,采用电化学测量技术结合模拟试验考察了电极表面发生各类反应的可能性.结果表明:再碱化过程中,钢筋电极表面的电化学反应与钢筋表面的状态有密切关系,当电极表面存在锈蚀层时,再碱化过程析氢反应和氧化铁的还原同时发生,并使表面氧化层的价态逐渐降低,在电极表面形成金属铁,析氢过程产生的OH-使钢筋周围混凝土的碱性提高.     

新型试剂快速冷却螺纹钢的耐蚀性能

研究了螺纹钢在经冷却剂CQ、水或空气冷却后的耐蚀性能。室外大气暴露实验和干湿交替循环加速腐蚀实验表明,采用试剂CQ冷却的螺纹钢耐蚀性能明显优于水和空气冷却的。XRD、SEM和TPR结果表明,冷却剂对螺纹钢大气腐蚀产物的物相组成无影响,但影响其相对含量,从而改变锈层保护性系数。水冷、空冷和CQ冷螺纹钢的锈层保护性系数分别为0.23、0.27和0.43。因此,试剂CQ冷却的螺纹钢在大气腐蚀过程中生成了相对稳定致密的锈层,从而减缓了腐蚀反应的进行,对螺纹钢起一定的保护作用。     

Electrochemical investigation of chloride-induced depassivation of black steel rebar under simulated service conditions

Electrochemical measurements of chloride thresholds are reported in simulated concrete pore solution for as-received and surface-modified rebar in an experimental apparatus designed to simulate service conditions. Surface modification led to higher chloride thresholds and reduced variability. The variability in thresholds for as-received rebar was represented by a log-normal distribution; therefore, simple averages of chloride thresholds, without reference to underlying distribution, might not provide reliable indicators of depassivation. The relative constancy of electrochemical measurements below thresholds, and the dependence of the thresholds on surface conditions, suggests that rebar depassivation is likely caused by local critical chemical conditions at the steel surface.     

不锈钢钢筋的生产实践

根据高强度不锈钢钢筋的性能要求,确定了不锈钢钢筋的生产工艺。通过孔型优化,解决了不锈钢钢筋肋根部开裂问题。     

均匀腐蚀钢筋的可靠性分析

以含氯离子环境下检测到的钢筋均匀腐蚀数据为基础,用平均腐蚀深度对钢筋的锈蚀程度进行了表征。分析了钢筋均匀腐蚀深度的分布类型,建立了均匀腐蚀钢筋的可靠性模型,并进行实例验证分析,得出了一定腐蚀时间下钢筋腐蚀可靠性的发展规律,据此建立了钢筋均匀腐蚀的可靠度计算方法。     

一种新型钢筋阻锈剂的阻锈性能

采用硬化砂浆和半电池电位法评价了一种自制的含有氨基和羧基的新型钢筋阻锈剂IH_2的阻锈性能,并采用标准工作曲线法分析了混凝土中钢筋对阻锈剂的吸附性能。结果表明,IH_2钢筋阻锈剂可以延长钢筋发生锈蚀的时间,降低钢筋的腐蚀速率,具有良好的阻锈性能。     

Characterisation of coating on rebar surface using Hot-dip Zn and Zn-4.9Al-0.1 misch metal bath

The corrosion of rebar is one of the primary causes of premature deterioration of the concrete structure. The ideal option to overcome this situation would be to provide corrosion protection right at the time of manufacturing of the rebar before it is encased in the concrete and hence, warrants the use of corrosion resistance rebar.The present paper outlines characterisation of coating obtained on rebar surface from pure Zn and Zn-4.9Al-0.1 misch metal bath. The coating was characterised by SEM, EDS, Galvanostatic and XRD techniques. In case of pure Zn bath, distinct phases such as eta, zeta, delta and gamma 1 and gamma were identified in coating where as in case of Zn-4.9Al-0.1 misch metal bath no such distinctive phases were found. The coating obtained from Zn-4.9Al-0.1 misch metal bath was thinner and consisted of outer Al₂O₃ phase followed Zn-Al phase resulting in better ductility compare to the coating obtained from pure Zn bath. Comparative corrosion resistance performances of both types of coating respect to uncoated rebar were evaluated by salt spray and tafel test. were conducted in simulated aggressive chloride and concrete pore solution of coated and The coating obtained form Zn-4.9Al-0.1 misch metal bath was found to be more anodic and showed 1.5-3 times better corrosion resistance in concrete pore solution and 2.5 times better resistance against aggressive chloride attack compare to the coating obtained from pure Zn bath. Both the coatings dissolved in faster rate in highly alkaline environment (pH = 13.6) where as dissolution rate decreased with decrease of pH in pore solution. The sacrificial as well as barrier protection of Zn-Al alloy coating was found to be more effective than pure Zn coating. Both types of coated bars showed reduction in bond strength in concrete structure. It is attributed by the faster dissolution of the coating, leading to hydrogen gas evolution thereby creating a gap between the rebar surface and concrete structure.     

热轧钢筋新标准下棒材轧机改造工艺技术分析

热轧带肋钢筋是我国产量最大的钢材产品,而提高钢筋产品质量并降低生产成本一直是技术创新的动力。为了使高强度钢筋轧制工艺和装备适应我国热轧带肋钢筋新标准的要求,对其控轧控冷工艺进行了探讨,对现有棒材轧机进行改造的工艺进行了详细分析,比较了切分轧制和高速轧制两种工艺的优缺点,提出了工艺布置新思路,为新钢筋生产线工艺设计,老线改造设计,或者钢铁企业工程技术人员开发品种提供了独特的途径。     

精品建材典型质量问题分析

介绍了陕钢集团汉中钢铁有限责任公司近年来在建材生产过程中遇到的钢筋易锈蚀、锚杆钢不圆度超标、切分轧制钢筋表面折叠等典型质量问题及其采取的解决措施。采用这些措施后,产品质量得到了很大提升。     

一种新型钢筋阻锈剂的阻锈性能

以极化曲线法、失重法和半电池电位法评价了一种新型钢筋阻锈剂的阻锈性能,并采用EDS手段表征了阻锈剂的渗透性能。结果表明,阻锈剂对混凝土中钢筋有阻锈作用,Cl-含量较低时,阻锈效果明显,缓蚀率达85%;Cl-含量较高时,阻锈效果不明显。阻锈剂通过涂刷方法能够很快渗透到混凝土内部,到达钢筋周围,对在役钢筋混凝土管架有很好的防护作用。     

混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的电化学阻抗谱特征研究

关于混凝土钢筋锈蚀等效电路模型中各元件的物理意义理解不尽相同.为了对模型元件的物理意义给出合理解释,设计了由氯盐侵蚀和混凝土碳化导致钢筋锈蚀的两种加速试验.通过对钢筋锈蚀试块阻抗谱特征的分析研究,对模型元件的物理意义给出了合理解释.研究发现,氯盐锈蚀试块具有三段容抗弧,即三个时间常数;而碳化锈蚀试块阻抗谱与钝化钢筋试块...     

环氧涂层钢筋及其应用

钢筋的腐蚀，尤其当有氯离子存在时，是混凝土结构腐蚀破坏的主要原因。在防止钢筋腐蚀的各种措施中，采用涂层既简便又有效。熔融结合环氧粉末涂层的综合防护性能优良，已经大量应用于钢质管道和钢管桩，也很适合于钢筋的保护。钢筋表面涂装环氧涂层可用静电喷涂方法，工艺基本成熟。环氧涂层钢筋的研究开发在美国始于20世纪的70年代，主要应用于撒布化冰盐的路桥和各类海工结构。我国在1997年就制订了环氧树脂涂层钢筋的行业标准。目前，国内已能生产环氧涂层钢筋，并开始实际应用。随着我国国民经济的发展，越来越多的工程要求使用环氧涂层钢筋，市场前景肯定十分广阔。     

HRB500钢筋直螺纹机械连接失效研究与工艺优化

HRB400钢筋缩颈-滚压直螺纹机械连接工艺已在实际建筑工程中被广泛应用。国家大力推广的HRB500钢筋缩颈-滚压直螺纹机械连接的产品性能稳定性较差。通过计算机数值模拟的方法研究了HRB500钢筋在缩颈工序过程中的金属流动情况,从宏观表现和微观特征两个方面研究了HRB500钢筋直螺纹机械连接失效断口,明确了连接失效的原因。缩颈时钢筋横肋的金属流动速度不同,形成显微裂纹,造成应力集中,缩颈过程中塑性变形极其不均匀,降低了其拉伸塑性;提出了剥肋-缩颈-滚压直螺纹的钢筋机械连接优化工艺,给出了Ф32 mm以上钢筋剥肋后,为母材直径+2 mm的合理剥肋工艺参数。     

盐水条件下不同混凝土中钢筋的快速腐蚀行为的研究

 通过盐水条件下钢筋的快速腐蚀试验，研究了钢筋在不同水灰比、不同掺料合料掺量以及掺入RI—IC2型阻锈剂情况下钢筋的锈蚀行为.结果表明，水灰比是影响钢筋腐蚀的重要因素之一，相同条件下水灰比越大，钢筋锈蚀越严重；掺入粉煤灰和硅粉后，可有效降低钢筋的腐蚀率；RI—IC2型阻锈剂有良好的阻锈效果，相同掺量下，水灰比越大，其阻锈效果越明显.     

Strain measurement by a diffraction grating method

A simplified system was proposed for measuring a normal strain from the location of a laser beam spot diffracted by a diffraction grating attached to the surface of a specimen. An He-Ne laser beam illuminated the grating and the ± 1-order diffracted beam spots were measured with a single PCD (plasma-coupled device) optical sensor connected with a personal computer. The diffracted intensity distribution was approximated by a Gaussian function and the x-coordinate of its principal axis was used as the location of the spot. The strain of a cantilever beam specimen measured bythis method agreed well with the theoretical value and that measured with a strain gage.     

用阴极保护防止混凝土结构的钢筋腐蚀

分析了钢筋混凝土结构的腐蚀机理及腐蚀特点，指出在众多防止钢筋腐蚀的具体方法中，阴极保护是一种解决根本的方法。重点介绍了阴极保护的具体做法，一种是以钛基阳极作为辅助阳极的外加电流法，另一种是采用锌板阳极的牺牲阳极法。     

Numerical evaluation of the capacity of galvanic anode systems for patch repair of reinforced concrete structures

Cathodic protection (CP) is an electrochemical repair or corrosion prevention technique for steel structures exposed to a corrosive environment. For reinforced concrete (RC) usually impressed current CP is used, due to the comparably high resistivity of the concrete, serving as electrolyte. Nevertheless, the market provides a wide range of galvanic anode systems for RC structures. Their most common use is the application within the framework of partial concrete replacement due to chloride-induced corrosion. This patch repair is often accompanied by the so-called anode ring effect, causing accelerated corrosion of the rebar in the substrate concrete in the vicinity of repair patches. This is caused by the cathodic capabilities of the repassivated rebar. Galvanic anodes are reported to prevent this effect. In this paper, a numerical model is proposed, which is capable of determining the effectiveness of the method dependent on, for example, the type and quantity of anodes, rebar content, and geometry or climatic conditions. The method is presented for a specific set of input parameters and the applicability is discussed against the background of different protection criteria.