Sr对Sb变质Mg-5Sn-1.5Al-1Zn-1Si合金组织的影响

用重力铸造法制备Sb及Sr+Sb联合变质Mg-5Sn-1.5Al-1Zn-1Si合金,再进行不同的固溶处理,研究Sr对Sb变质Mg-5Sn-1.5Al-1Zn-1Si合金组织的影响。结果表明:Sb和Sr+Sb联合变质均可以使初生Mg_2Si和Mg_2(Si,Sn)颗粒发生不同程度的球化,而Sr+Sb联合变质比Sb单变质具有更好的细化和球化效果;Sr+Sb联合变质后,共晶Mg_2Si和Mg_2(Si,Sn)相由汉字状变为细小近似球形或多边形颗粒状;Sb变质Mg-5Sn-1.5Al-1Zn-1Si合金在较低固溶温度和较短保温时间下即可使大部分Mg17Al12相和部分Mg_2Sn相固溶到基体中,而Sr+Sb联合变质合金组织中,Mg_(17)Al_(12)和Mg_2Sn依然清晰可见,未完全溶解的Mg_(17)Al_(12)相发生球化,均匀的分散在基体中;Sr+Sb联合变质Mg-5Sn-1.5Al-1Zn-1Si合金固溶温度要比Sb单变质时略高一些,但对固溶时间的影响并不明显。     

固溶时效处理对Mg-4Sm-3Gd-0.5Zr合金显微组织和耐蚀性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜等方法研究了固溶时效处理前后Mg-4Sm-3Gd-0.5Zr合金(质量分数,%)的显微组织、物相组成和腐蚀形貌,并在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中进行了静态失重和电化学测试。结果表明,铸态Mg-4Sm-3Gd-0.5Zr合金由α-Mg基体和沿晶界分布的粗大网状共晶相Mg₄₁Sm₅和Mg₅Gd组成,固溶时效处理并没有改变共晶相的种类,但网状共晶组织消失,并且晶内有大量细小弥散的第二相析出,晶界更加清晰。试验合金采用525 ℃×8 h固溶+225 ℃×8 h时效处理后,腐蚀速率从0.185 mg·cm^-2·h^-1降低至到0.116 mg·cm^-2·h^-1,自腐蚀电流密度从1.599×10^-4A·cm^-2降低到0.924×10^-4 A·cm^-2,耐蚀性能明显提高。     

微量Sr对Mg-0.2Zn-0.1Mn-xSr医用可降解镁合金显微组织、力学性能及腐蚀性能的影响

本文主要研究在Mg-0.2Zn-0.1Mn中添加微量的Sr后,Mg-0.2Zn-0.1Mn-xSr（x=0.1、0.2、0.3）合金显微组织、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能的变化。显微组织观察结果表明随着Sr含量增加,晶粒尺寸明显降低;Mg17Sr2相在镁基体中呈颗粒状均匀弥散分布,且Mg17Sr2相体积随着Sr含量增加而长大。室温拉伸试验结果表明微量的Sr能够提高镁合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度,但延伸率却表现出下降的趋势。通过Kokubo模拟体液中的浸泡实验了解镁合金的降解行为。失重实验测得Mg-0.2Zn-0.1Mn-xSr (x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3)腐蚀速率为：6.85、6.01、6.80和7.52mm/a。微量Sr的添加能够提高镁合金的耐腐蚀性能;但随着Sr含量增加,镁合金更容易产生点蚀和晶间腐蚀,反而使镁合金耐腐蚀性能出现降低。这是因为添加微量Sr后镁合金晶粒细化,细小而弥散分布的Mg17Sr2相有助于腐蚀产物膜沉积形成对基体的保护,使得镁合金更耐蚀。而过大的Mg17Sr2相会加剧局部的微电偶腐蚀,破坏腐蚀产物膜,降低镁合金的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明Mg-0.2Zn-0.1Mn-0.1Sr具有最佳的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能配比。     

η相在Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ti牺牲阳极合金中的活化作用

采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、电化学性能测试等方法,研究了Al-5Zn-0.02In-1Mg-0.05Ti牺牲阳极合金中析出相的腐蚀行为。结果表明,该合金主要含η-MgZn2析出相。η析出相相对α-Al基体呈阳极相,在3.5%的NaCl溶液中与α-Al基体组成微腐蚀电池,引起析出相自身溶解。溶解的Zn2+沉积在蚀坑周围,增加这些位置氧化膜的缺陷,促使氧化膜脱落。该牺牲阳极合金的溶解是以η析出相为活化中心,由此向外扩展,引发合金全面溶解。     

Mg-Al-Nd/Sr耐热镁合金的组织结构与蠕变性能

以Mg-6Al合金为基体,分别单一添加稀土Nd、Sr和复合添加稀土Nd和碱土Sr元素,采用水冷模工艺制备Mg-6Al-6Nd,Mg-6Al-2Sr和Mg-6Al-2Sr-2Nd耐热镁合金,并比较研究单一添加Nd或Sr和复合添加稀土Nd和碱土Sr对合金组织结构和蠕变性能的影响。结果表明:复合添加稀土Nd和碱土Sr后,合金中除了析出第二相Al2Nd、Al11Nd3和Al4Sr外,还析出Sr和Nd相互取代的Al4(Sr,Nd)和Al11(Nd,Sr)3复合相;在Mg-6Al-2Sr基础上添加2%Nd,不仅细化合金枝晶间距,还显著地提高第二相的分布密度,增强合金蠕变过程中位错与第二相交互作用,提高合金的蠕变性能。     

快速冷却制备铝空气电池阳极材料的电化学性能

用单辊快冷技术制备了Al-0.5Mg-0.5Mn-0.1Sn-0.05Ga(mass%)合金。研究了合金在2 mol/L NaCl及4 mol/L NaOH溶液中的腐蚀及放电性能。结果表明:与铸态合金相比,快速冷却明显减小了合金晶粒尺寸,从(60±14)μm减小到(3±2)μm,同时减小了合金的点腐蚀及晶间腐蚀倾向,快速冷却合金作为铝空气电池阳极材料时具有较高的阳极利用率及电池电势,其电化学性能较好。     

热处理对Mg-9Al-1Ca组织和性能的影响

通过添加Ca到镁合金可以提高合金的阻燃性能,同时也研究了热处理对Mg-9％Al-1％Ca组织和性能的影响.结果表明,Mg-9％Al-1％Ca合金经过退火后,合金组织中出现连续或半连续的网状Al2Ca相,反而提高了合金的硬度;Mg-9％Al- 1％Ca合金淬火后,晶粒变大,组织中出现Al2Ca,并以连续的网状相分布于基体,硬度增加.     

固溶态和挤压态Mg-xLi-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y(x=4,8,12)合金的显微组织和腐蚀行为

研究固溶态和挤压态Mg-xLi-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y(x=4,8,12,质量分数,%)合金的显微组织和腐蚀行为。结果表明,当锂含量从4%增加到12%,合金基体由α-Mg单相转变为α-Mg+β-Li双相,再转变为β-Li单相。Mg-4Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y和Mg-12Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y合金具有晶间腐蚀和点蚀的混合腐蚀特征,前者与沿晶界析出的AlLi相有关,后者与第二相与基体之间的高电位差有关。挤压态合金的耐蚀性优于固溶态合金。挤压态Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y合金具有最低腐蚀速率(P_W=(0.63±0.26)mm/a),主要归因于该合金的第二相分布更均匀、通过牺牲β-Li相形成的保护性α-Mg相和相对完整的更均匀分布的氧化膜。     

含Sr和Ca的Mg-12Zn-4Al-0.3Mn合金的显微组织和力学性能

以Mg-12Zn-4Al-0.3Mn(质量分数,%)为母合金,制备了6种合金.实验观察证实,Mg-12Zn-4Al-0.3Mn合金的铸态组织由α-Mg基体和沿晶界分布的准晶Q相组成.在母合金中加入少量的Sr后,亚稳准晶相转变为Mg32(Al,Zn)49平衡相以及Mg51Zn20共晶相.在母合金中复合加入Sr与Ca后,铸态组织出现了Al2Mg5Zn2共晶相.随着Sr含量的增加,合金室温和高温下的力学拉伸强度提高,高温蠕变性能下降;Sr与Ca的复合加入使合金抗拉强度和塑性下降,但高温屈服强度提高.在175℃/70 MPa条件下,Mg-12Zn-4Al-0.2Sr-0.4Ca-0.3Mn合金表现出良好的高温抗蠕变性能.     

Al-Ga-Mg-Sn-xZn阳极合金组织和腐蚀电化学性能

对不同Zn含量的Al-Ga-Mg-Sn-xZn系列阳极合金的组织及腐蚀形貌进行观察和分析,并测试了该系列合金在4 mol/L NaOH溶液中的析氢速率、开路电位、极化曲线等腐蚀电化学性能指标,研究了Zn对Al-Ga-Mg-Sn合金组织和腐蚀电化学性能的影响。结果表明:Al-0.1Ga-1Mg-0.1Sn-xZn合金中的析出相主要为富Sn相,合金元素Zn主要固溶于Al基体中,添加0.5%和1%(mass%)的Zn后,合金的耐蚀性提高,开路电位和恒电流放电工作电位均有所负移,Al-0.1Ga-1Mg-0.1Sn-1Zn合金的综合腐蚀电化学性能较好,在4 mol/L NaOH溶液中,稳定开路电位约-1.72 V(vs.Hg/HgO),析氢速率为0.202 mL·cm-2·min-1,100 mA·cm-2放电时工作电位达-1.41 V(vs.Hg/HgO),腐蚀形貌均匀。     

Sb对Mg-4Zn-Y合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

研究了Mg-4Zn-Y-xSb(x=0,0.5,1,2)合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,利用金相显微镜、电化学极化曲线和电化学阻抗测试研究了Sb对Mg-4Zn-Y合金耐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,在试验范围内Mg-4Zn-Y-xSb(x=0,0.5,1,2)合金的耐蚀性能随着Sb含量的增加而降低.Mg-4Zn-Y-2Sb合金的腐蚀速率比Mg-4Zn-Y合金上升了一个数量级,合金的腐蚀电流达到2.254E-4A.     

Microstructure and Corrosion Properties of Duplex-Structured Extruded Mg-6Li-4Zn-xMn Alloys

The extruded Mg-6Li-4Zn-xMn (x = 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 wt%) alloys were prepared, and the microstructure of the test alloys was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The corrosion properties were determined by electrochemical measurements and immersion measurements in 3.5% NaCl solution. The results indicate that the extruded Mg-6Li-4Zn-xMn alloys are mainly composed of α-Mg phase, β-Li phase, Mn precipitates and some intermetallic compounds (MgLi₂Zn). With the addition of Mn, stable corrosion products were formed on the surface of the test alloy, which can effectively inhibit further corrosion progress and improve the corrosion resistance. Mg-6Li-4Zn-1.2Mn alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance, attributed to grain refinement, the improvement of the stability of corrosion product film and uniform distribution of fine second phases.     

Influences of Ca and Y Addition on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Vacuum Die-Cast AZ91 Alloy

The influences of Ca and Y additions on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of vacuum die-cast AZ91 alloys were investigated by optical microscope,electron scanning microscope,weight-loss test,and electrochemical corrosion experiment.The results indicate that the Ca or Ca and Y additions refined the microstructure and decreased the amount of Mg17Al12 phase on grain boundaries in the alloys.Meanwhile,the addition of Ca and Y led to the formation of network Al2 Ca phase and rod-like Al2 Y phase,improved the corrosion resistance of AZ91 magnesium alloy.Compared with AZ91 alloy,the corrosion rate of AZ91–1.5Ca–1.0Y alloy was decreased to 16.2%,and its corrosion current density was dropped by one order of magnitude after immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 24 h.     

Microstructure,Mechanical Properties,and Corrosion Behavior of Mg-Al-Ca Alloy Prepared by Friction Stir Processing

Friction stir processing (FSP) was used to modify the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of an Mg-Al-Ca alloy. The results demonstrated that, after FSP, the grain size of the Mg-Al-Ca alloy was decreased from 13.3 to 6.7 μm. Meanwhile, the Al₈Mn₅ phase was broken and dispersed, and its amount was increased. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the Mg-Al-Ca alloy were increased by 17.0% and 10.1%, respectively, due to the combination of fine grain, second phase, and orientation strengthening, while the elongation was slightly decreased. The immersion and electrochemical corrosion rates in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution decreased by 18.4% and 37.5%, respectively, which contributed to grain refinement. However, the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of the modified Mg-Al-Ca alloy decreased significantly, which was mainly due to the filiform corrosion induced by the Al₈Mn₅ phase. SCC was mainly controlled by anodic dissolution, while the cathodic hydrogen evolution accelerated the SCC process.     

Effect of Extrusion Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg–5Al–2Ca Alloy

In this work, the Mg–5Al–2Ca alloy was extruded at 573, 623 and 673 K, with a ratio of 16:1 and a constant speed of 3 mm/s. Results demonstrate that the Al2Ca particle is formed in Mg–5Al–2Ca alloy. The size, amount and distribution of Al2Ca particles are influenced evidently by extrusion temperature. Unlike previous reports, the intensity of basal texture increases with increasing extrusion temperature, and the reasons are analyzed and given. Even though the average grain size increases as the extrusion temperature increased from 573 to 623 K, the YS, UTS and elongation of asextruded Mg–5Al–2Ca alloy are almost kept the same at 573 and 623 K. The reason is speculated as the balance of grain size, Al2Ca phase and texture at the two temperatures. The work hardening rate depends on extrusion temperature, and the largest θ value of Mg–5Al–2Ca alloy is obtained when the extrusion was performed at 623 K.     

Effect of ageing treatment on microstructures,mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-RE-Zr alloy micro-alloyed with Ca and Sr

Effects of ageing treatment on the microstructures, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr-xCa-ySr [x=0, 0.2 (wt.%), y=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 (wt.%)] alloys were investigated. Results showed that Ca or/and Sr additions promoted the precipitation hardening behavior of Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr alloy and shortened the time to reaching peak hardness from 13 h to 12 h. The maximum hardness of 77.1±0.6 HV for the peak-aged Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr-0.2Ca-0.2Sr alloy was obtained. The microstructures of peak-aged alloys mainly consist of α-Mg phase, Mg₅₁Zn₂₀ phase and ternary T-phase. The Zn-Zr phase is formed within the α-Mg matrix, and the Mg₂Ca phase is formed near T-phase due to the enrichment of Ca in front of the solid-liquid interface. Furthermore, fine short rod-shaped β′₁ phase is precipitated within the α-Mg matrix in the peak-aged condition. The peak-aged Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr-0.2Ca-0.2Sr alloy exhibits optimal mechanical properties with an ultimate tensile strength of 208 MPa, yield strength of 150 MPa and elongation of 3.5%, which is mainly attributed to precipitation strengthening. In addition, corrosion properties of experimental alloys in the 3.5wt.% NaCl solution were studied by the electrochemical tests, weight loss, hydrogen evolution measurement and corrosion morphology observation. The results suggest that peak-aged alloys show reduced corrosion rates compared with the as-cast alloys, and minor additions of Ca and/or Sr improve the corrosion resistance of the Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr alloy. The peak-aged Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr-0.2Ca-0.2Sr alloy possesses the best corrosion resistance, which is mainly due to the continuous and compact barrier wall constructed by the homogeneous and continuous second phases.

     

挤压对Mg-5Li-5Al-0.6Y合金组织、力学性能和腐蚀行为的影响

对铸态Mg-5Li-5Al-0.6Y合金进行了热挤压,采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了挤压对铸态合金物相和微观组织的影响。通过对挤压前后的合金进行室温拉伸试验和断口形貌分析,研究了挤压对合金力学性能的影响。通过析氢、质量减少、动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗分析了挤压对合金腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,挤压细化了Mg-5Li-5Al-0.6Y合金的晶粒,第二相沿挤压方向破碎成更细小弥散的颗粒,使合金的室温抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高至243.33 MPa和7.31%,合金的腐蚀速率(由质量减少计算得到)从17.60 mm·y^-1降低至8.41 mm·y^-1,提高了合金的耐腐蚀性能。     

固溶处理对铸态Mg-4.8Al-2.7Ca-0.4Mn合金组织及力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、硬度测试及拉伸性能测试等手段分别研究了铸态Mg-4.8Al-2.7Ca-0.4Mn合金固溶处理前后的组织演变及力学性能。结果表明,铸态Mg-4.8Al-2.7Ca-0.4Mn合金的微观组织中,α-Mg相呈现典型的枝晶形态,枝晶间分布着大量在凝固过程中形成的Al₂Ca相;固溶处理对第二相的形貌有显著影响,随着固溶时间的增加,枝晶偏析减弱,Al₂Ca相从网状分布演变为多边形或细块状;经500 ℃固溶4 h,合金具有较好的综合拉伸性能,抗拉强度、屈服强度及伸长率分别达到222.0 MPa、182.5 MPa和4.5%。