高温高压H2S/CO2环境缓蚀剂分子结构与缓蚀性能关系的研究

用静态和动态腐蚀失重法研究喹啉季铵盐、吡啶季铵盐、曼尼希碱和咪唑啉季铵盐四种不同主体类型缓蚀剂在高温高压H₂S/CO₂环境中N80钢的缓蚀性能,并结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）表面分析技术研究了不同缓蚀剂主体分子结构与缓蚀性能的关系。结果表明,四类缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率的大小顺序是：喹啉季铵盐>吡啶季铵盐>曼尼希碱>咪唑啉季铵盐。喹啉季铵盐与其他三种缓蚀剂主体分子结构相比具有更好的抗硫性能,其对N80钢具有良好的吸附性能,可形成抗腐蚀性介质渗透能力强的致密均匀和稳定不易分解的有机膜。其缓蚀剂用量为0.15%时,缓蚀率可达97%。     

塔河油田单井注采交替缓蚀剂的筛选与复配研究

目的有效治理注采交替工况对井下管柱造成的严重腐蚀,促进缓蚀剂技术在塔河油田的广泛应用。方法采用红外光谱法验证了四种有机缓蚀剂的主要成分,测试了缓蚀剂的理化性能,采用失重法评价了缓蚀剂在塔河油田井下注采交替工况的缓蚀效率,并利用电化学方法研究了两种缓蚀剂的复配性能。结果四种缓蚀剂的有效成分分别为油酸酰胺、芳香酮曼尼希碱、油酸咪唑啉和苄基喹啉盐,理化性能测试全部通过。其中,芳香酮曼尼希碱和油酸咪唑啉在井下注采交替工况下具有良好的缓蚀性能,缓蚀效率分别达到73%和67%。油酸咪唑啉和芳香酮曼尼希碱的复配能进一步提升缓蚀效率,当芳香酮曼尼希碱和油酸咪唑啉的质量比为1:3时,复配缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率能达到90%。结论芳香酮曼尼希碱-油酸咪唑啉复配型缓蚀剂是一种适用于塔河油田注采交替工况的缓蚀剂。     

曼尼希碱与硫脲在气井采出水腐蚀体系中的缓蚀协同作用

目的寻找新型缓蚀剂,以解决碳钢在气井采出水中的腐蚀问题。方法以N80钢在80℃气井采出水中的腐蚀为研究对象,通过极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱,研究曼尼希碱与硫脲进行复配的缓蚀效果,并探讨缓蚀协同作用机理。结果硫脲是一种混合型缓蚀剂,对N80钢的阴极过程和阳极过程都有强烈的抑制作用;曼尼希碱是一种以抑制阴极为主的混合型缓蚀剂。二者复配后,对N80钢在气井采出水中的腐蚀表现出优异的缓蚀协同效应,当曼尼希碱添加量为0.75%,硫脲的质量浓度为2.5 mg/L时,缓蚀效果最好。结论曼尼希碱与硫脲二者复配使用时,在N80钢表面可能形成一种双层结构的吸附膜,内层以硫脲为主,外层以曼妮希碱为主。     

曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂的合成及缓蚀性能

目前,曼尼希碱的合成多在有机溶剂中进行,其中大多有机溶剂对人体有害。以苯乙酮、甲醛、二乙胺为原料,苄基三乙基氯化铵为相转移催化剂,以水为溶剂合成曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂。用失重法和电化学方法考察其浓度及腐蚀液温度对20碳钢缓蚀效果的影响。结果表明:该缓蚀剂为混合型缓蚀剂,在碳钢表面的吸附为物理吸附;随温度的升高缓蚀率逐渐减小,随浓度的增加缓蚀率先增大后减小;缓蚀剂的添加量为0.7%,温度35~55℃时缓蚀率都在90%以上,能有效抑制盐酸对碳钢的腐蚀。     

曼尼希碱缓蚀剂CJ的合成及其性能

曼尼希碱是一类重要的金属缓蚀剂。以肉桂醛、环己酮、水合肼为原料合成曼尼希碱缓蚀剂CJ,采用正交试验优化得出最佳合成条件,同时采用极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱等电化学方法研究了曼尼希碱缓蚀剂CJ的缓蚀机理。结果表明:当肉桂醛/水合肼摩尔比为3∶1、环己酮/水合肼摩尔比为1∶1、反应温度为45℃、pH为4、反应时间为8h时,CJ具有最好的缓蚀性能。在15%盐酸中,当缓蚀剂加量为1.0%时,N80钢片的腐蚀速率为0.299 1g/(m2·h),远低于SY/T 5405-1996中的一级标准。曼尼希碱缓蚀剂CJ在钢铁表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温方程;曼尼希碱缓蚀剂CJ是以抑制阳极腐蚀过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂。     

SO2-4 ,PO3 4- 对曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响

目的：研究废酸液中介质离子对曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响,以解决碳钢在酸液中的腐蚀问题。方法采用静态失重法、极化曲线、扫描电镜及能谱分析法,研究SO2-4,PO3-4对曼尼希碱型酸化缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响,并探究其作用机理。结果在10%(质量分数)盐酸、0.1%(质量分数)曼尼希碱的缓蚀介质中,随SO2-4质量分数的增大,腐蚀电流密度由2.81μA/cm2增加至7.32μA/cm2,腐蚀速率显著增大,缓蚀效果变弱;随PO3-4质量分数的增加,腐蚀电流密度由2.81μA/cm2减小至2.41μA/cm2,腐蚀速率减小,缓蚀效果变强。结论 SO2-4会通过钢铁表面已经形成的吸附膜上的细孔和缺陷渗入膜内,使膜发生开裂,从而侵蚀和破坏已经形成的吸附膜,抑制缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果;PO3-4与腐蚀产物Fe3+络合并在钢材表面形成一层致密的保护层,使缓蚀剂形成的吸附膜更加致密,阻止腐蚀性介质与金属表面接触,同时增加对离子或溶解氧的扩散阻力,提高缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果。     

SO_4~(2-),PO_4~(3-)对曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响

目的研究废酸液中介质离子对曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响,以解决碳钢在酸液中的腐蚀问题。方法采用静态失重法、极化曲线、扫描电镜及能谱分析法,研究SO2-4,PO3-4对曼尼希碱型酸化缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响,并探究其作用机理。结果在10%(质量分数)盐酸、0.1%(质量分数)曼尼希碱的缓蚀介质中,随SO2-4质量分数的增大,腐蚀电流密度由2.81μA/cm2增加至7.32μA/cm2,腐蚀速率显著增大,缓蚀效果变弱;随PO3-4质量分数的增加,腐蚀电流密度由2.81μA/cm2减小至2.41μA/cm2,腐蚀速率减小,缓蚀效果变强。结论 SO2-4会通过钢铁表面已经形成的吸附膜上的细孔和缺陷渗入膜内,使膜发生开裂,从而侵蚀和破坏已经形成的吸附膜,抑制缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果;PO3-4与腐蚀产物Fe3+络合并在钢材表面形成一层致密的保护层,使缓蚀剂形成的吸附膜更加致密,阻止腐蚀性介质与金属表面接触,同时增加对离子或溶解氧的扩散阻力,提高缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果。     

两种新型曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的性能及吸附行为研究

通过Mannich反应合成ZJ-1、ZJ-2两种曼尼希碱缓蚀剂,利用红外光谱对产物进行表征,采用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱和分子动力学模拟等方法评价两种缓蚀剂对P110钢的缓蚀效果,并探讨其缓蚀作用机理和吸附行为。结果表明:合成的缓蚀剂在1 mol/L NaCl+CO2环境中对P110钢均有一定的缓蚀效果,其中ZJ-1缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果更好,缓蚀效率可达92.06%;两种缓蚀剂均为阳极控制为主的混合型缓蚀剂,通过缓蚀剂在金属表面上形成的吸附膜使得腐蚀过程的电极反应都难于进行,从而起到减缓腐蚀的作用;ZJ-1和ZJ-2缓蚀剂分子均可驱替水分子而吸附在金属表面,其活性原子N和O提供的孤对电子与金属表面Fe原子的空轨道形成配位键,具有较强的吸附作用力,相比于ZJ-2曼尼希碱缓蚀剂,ZJ-1曼尼希碱缓蚀剂分子与Fe表面的吸附能更高,缓蚀性能更好。     

二氧化碳驱油环境中典型管柱材料的腐蚀行为与特征

采用高温高压反应釜模拟CO2驱油环境对典型管柱材料N80,P110和3Cr进行了腐蚀行为的研究。计算了各材质的腐蚀速率及曼尼希碱缓蚀效率,分析了腐蚀产物膜的表面特征及化学成分。结果表明,三种材质的腐蚀速率均随CO2分压增大而增大,耐腐蚀性能关系满足P110>3Cr>N80,曼尼希碱的缓蚀效果较好,主要腐蚀产物为FeCO3和CaCO3。     

一种曼尼希碱在酸性介质中对碳钢缓蚀行为的研究

采用动电位扫描极化曲线和交流阻抗法,研究了自制曼尼希碱缓蚀剂ZD-1在5%H2SO,溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀作用及缓蚀机理,并计算得出相应的热力学数据.研究表明:ZD-1是一种缓蚀效果显著、以阴极控制为主的混合型缓蚀剂,它在Q235钢表面发生了化学吸附,吸附过程为放热过程,吸附行为服从El-Awadv动力学模型.     

The inhibitive effect of some bis-N,S-bidentate Schiff bases on corrosion behaviour of 304 stainless steel in hydrochloric acid solution

The inhibition effect of four new Schiff bases on the corrosion of 304 stainless steel in 1 M HCl has been studied by polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and weight loss measurements. Polarization curves indicated that all studied Schiff bases act as mixed type (cathodic/anodic) inhibitors. The adsorption of the inhibitors was well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the adsorption isotherm parameters (K_ads, ΔG_ads) were determined at room temperature. Effect of temperature on the efficiency of the corrosion inhibition process was studied and the values of activation energy, pre-exponential factor (λ), enthalpy of activation and entropy of activation were calculated to elaborate the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. Differences in inhibition efficiency between four tested inhibitors are correlated with their chemical structures.     

Phenazone and aminophenazone as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum in HCl solution

The corrosion behavior of aluminum in 1 M HCl solution in the absence and presence of phenazone and aminophenazone was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The results of these techniques show that, the inhibition efficiency of these compounds depends on their concentration and chemical structure. The inhibitive action of these compounds was discussed in terms of blocking the electrode surface by adsorption of the molecules through the active centers contained in their structure. The adsorption process was found to obey Temkin isotherm model. The effect of temperature on the rate of corrosion in the absence and presence of these compounds was also, studied. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were computed and discussed. Potentiodynamic polarization data indicated that these compounds act as cathodic type inhibitors. From impedance data it is found that the corrosion of aluminum is controlled by charge transfer process at all concentrations of inhibitors. Quantum chemical parameters were constructed in order to characterize the inhibition performance of the tested molecules.     

酸性介质中曼尼希碱与KCl复配对A3钢的缓蚀性能研究

以乙醛、丙酮和二乙胺为原料合成了曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂ZD-1.在加入1 g/L的ZD-1和不同浓度KCl的5%(质量分数)H2SO4溶液中,测试了A3钢的缓蚀率及动电位扫描极化曲线和交流阻抗谱,研究了ZD-1与KCl复配对A3钢的协同缓蚀作用.结果表明:ZD-1与KCl复配是以阴极控制为主的混合型缓蚀剂,1g/L的ZD-1和1 mmol/L的KCl复配对A3钢的缓蚀效果显著,缓蚀率可达93.84%.     

3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑及3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑并芳香醛类希夫碱自组装膜对碳钢在0.5mol/L盐酸中的缓蚀性能研究

目的通过自组装技术在碳钢表面得到3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑及3种3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑并芳香醛类希夫碱的三种自组装膜,提高碳钢在0.5 mol/L HCl溶液中的缓蚀性能。方法采用电化学方法如电化学阻抗谱、tafel极化曲线等研究席夫碱类自组装膜在盐酸中的电化学参数,如阻抗变化、腐蚀电位、腐蚀电流。采用XPS方法对自组装膜的成分进行表征。结果计算自组装膜在盐酸溶液中的最高缓蚀效率达到92.72%,XPS测试表明自组装分子与金属原子以化学键的方式结合。结论 3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑及3种3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑并芳香醛类希夫碱自组装膜均对碳钢在盐酸中有良好的缓蚀性能,缓蚀效率的大小与分子结构有关,分子中的O、N杂原子、卤素基团、三唑环及苯环等有利于自组装膜的形成。     

席夫碱结构对Cu缓蚀作用的影响

用自组装技术使席夫碱在Cu表面自组装成膜,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、交流阻抗方法及量子化学法研究了席夫碱结构对Cu缓蚀作用的影响.结果表明:席夫碱类化合物在发挥其活性时应以接受电子为主,此类化合物的亚胺或甲亚胺特性基团(-RC=N-)和苯环上的-OH是该类化合物的主要活性区,席夫碱苯环的-H被给电子基团取代会提高对Cu的缓蚀效率,且取代基团越靠进-C=N-,形成的螯合物越稳定,缓蚀效率越高.     

EC缓蚀剂对钢铁的缓蚀行为研究

用失重法、极化曲线法研究了EC缓蚀剂在H_2S和NaCl溶液中对20碳钢的缓蚀行为,分析了分子结构对缓蚀作用的影响及其在钢铁表面的吸附。结果表明,EC缓蚀剂具有良好的缓蚀效果。     

Gemini Cationic Schiff Bases and Their Metal Complexes in Preventing Carbon Steel Dissolution in Acidic Medium

The protection of carbon steel in the presence of three cationic Schiff bases and their copper and cobalt complexes in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ was investigated in terms of corrosion inhibition efficiency using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The results showed high corrosion inhibition efficiency of the inhibitors and their metal complexes. The inhibition efficiency was raised by increasing the inhibitors concentration. From polarization curves, the inhibitors act as mixed type ones. The EIS spectra exhibit a large capacitive loop at high frequencies followed by a large inductive one at low frequencies.     

Investigation of some Schiff base compounds containing disulfide bond as HCl corrosion inhibitors for mild steel

The inhibition performance of three Schiff bases containing disulfide bond as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 2.0 M HCl has been investigated by weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Potentiodynamic polarization study showed that all the inhibitors are mixed type. The adsorption of inhibitors on mild steel surface was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the adsorption isotherm parameters (K_ads, ΔG_ads) were determined. Quantum chemical calculations were further applied to reveal the adsorption structure and explain the experimental results. Some samples of mild steel were examined by SEM.     

Antibacterial drugs as corrosion inhibitors for corrosion of aluminium in hydrochloric solution

The corrosion behavior of aluminium in 2 M HCl solution in the absence and presence of four compounds of antibacterial drug was investigated using hydrogen evolution, weight loss, and potentiostatic polarization techniques. It was found that, the inhibition efficiency of these compounds depends on their concentration and chemical structure. The inhibitive action of these compounds was discussed in terms of blocking the electrode surface by adsorption of the molecules through the active centers contained in their structure. The adsorption process follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the rate of corrosion in the absence and presence of these compounds was also, studied. Some activated thermodynamic parameters were computed.