镍磷非晶纳米晶复合镀层的制备及其耐蚀性

对电沉积12．3％P（质量分数）镍磷合金进行热处理，部分晶化获得非晶纳米晶复合镀层。利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜和高分辨透射电镜分析镀层的结构。结果表明，镀态时镀层呈典型的非晶态结构，控制热处理工艺可得到非晶纳米晶的复合镀层。通过动电位极化曲线（3．5％NaCI溶液）测定，得知部分晶化的镀层耐蚀性得到改善。由于具有少量纳米晶相镶嵌于连续非晶相上，非晶纳米晶复合结构的镍磷合金镀层耐蚀性优于非晶态镍磷合金镀层。     

表面活性剂对镍-磷-纳米氧化铝复合镀的影响

研究了阴离子型表面活性剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠)和阳离子型表面活性剂(三乙醇胺)对镍-磷-纳米氧化铝复合镀性能的影响.讨论了表面活性剂的种类、加入量对沉积速度、镀层的硬度和耐磨性能的影响.通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察各种复合镀层形貌,利用能谱仪(EDS)测量镀层中纳米A l2O3粒子的复合量.结果表明:纳米复合化学镀液中两种阴离子型表面活性剂的较佳加入量均为50 mg/L,阳离子型表面活性剂较佳加入量为100mg/L;采用阳离子表面活性剂时所得镀层的纳米粒子复合量较大,镀速快,耐磨性能好且纳米氧化铝分散较均匀;相比化学镀N i-P和微米A l2O3复合化学镀N i-P工艺所得镀层,纳米复合镀层具有较高的硬度和较好的耐磨性.     

镍磷复合镀层的组织与磨损性能

本文研究了化学镀镍磷合金复合碳化硅镀层的组织与磨损性能及机理。在镍磷合金化学镀液中,加入碳化硅粒子(3～5μm),形成复合镀层,且碳化硅粒子与镍磷基质机械结合,复合镀层保持镍磷合金的组织结构。复合镀层表现出更高的硬度,具有良好的耐磨性,随硬度的提高,耐磨性增加;在滑动磨损条件下,碳化硅粒子起抗磨作用,复合镀层抗磨粒磨损性能好。     

Ni-Co/纳米金刚石复合镀层抗磨损性能的研究

采用电沉积法在45#钢样品表面制备了含有纳米金刚石的镍-钴合金基复合镀层。对复合镀层的显微硬度和微观结构进行了测试。并考察了阴极电流密度、镀液pH值等主要工艺参数对纳米复合镀层耐磨性的影响。结果表明：纳米金刚石的弥散强化作用，可以有效地提高镀层的硬度。在干摩擦条件下，纳米复合镀层的耐磨性是镍-钴合金镀层的3倍；     

超声-电沉积Ni-TiN复合镀层组织和性能研究

为了探讨复合镀层的组织和性能,采用超声-电沉积制备了Ni-TiN复合镀层.对镀层的表面形貌、显微硬度和磨损性能进行了研究,分析了Ni-TiN复合镀层的耐磨机理.结果表明:由于超声波的辅助作用和TiN纳米粒子的加入,镀层表面比较平整,光滑;在超声波和高频脉冲电流复合作用下,纳米TiN粒子含量为12%的Ni-TiN复合镀层具有较高的显微硬度和耐磨性能,平均表面硬度达到HV927.2,磨损量仅为14.1mg;纳米TiN粒子的弥散错位强化作用、细晶强化效应及一定承载和润滑作用是提高Ni-TiN复合镀层耐磨性的根本原因.     

聚四氟乙烯增强Ni-P合金化学复合镀工艺研究

本文对镍磷聚四氟乙烯(Plotyertarflouorethylence,PTFE)化学复合镀的工艺、复合镀层的性能等进行了研究和分析,确定了复合粒子PTFE的用量以及表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠的活化作用.采用金相显微组织观察、显微硬度和结合强度检测等对Ni-P-PTFE化学复合镀层进行了研究.结果表明:添加适量的PTFE粒子和表面活性剂后镀液性能稳定,镀层外观光滑平整,镀层内PTFE粒子分布均匀,镀层与基体结合良好,硬度较高.     

退火对化学镀镍-磷-纳米金刚石复合膜的结构和性能的影响

在45钢表面进行化学镀镍-磷-纳米金刚石复合膜,使用X射线衍射仪、刻划法和盐水浸蚀法研究了退火对复合膜的结构和性能的影响.结果表明,退火前为非晶镍磷合金和纳米金刚石粉的混合膜,随退火温度的升高,镍磷合金发生晶化和晶粒长大;退火前镀层硬度为930HV,退火后硬度超过1600HV;退火后的附着力提高;耐蚀性比0Cr18Ni9Ti要好.     

纳米SiO2粒子/镍基复合镀层腐蚀行为

将纳米SiO2粒子通过超声分散引入到化学镀Ni-P合金镀液中,在碳钢基体表面共沉积得到纳米SiO2粒子/镍基复合镀层。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对Ni-P镀层和纳米SiO2粒子/镍基镀层的微观结构形貌进行了分析;采用失重法和电化学方法研究了纳米SiO2粒子/镍基复合镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,纳米SiO2粒子/镍基复合镀层仍是非晶态,纳米SiO2粒子的加入提高了镀层的致密性,提高了镀层的耐腐蚀性能。     

非晶态镍磷合金晶化过程的研究

利用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计,研究了非晶态镍磷合金镀层晶化过程及镀层的组织和性能.结果表明: 200～260℃加热,镀层的局部区域已发生晶化;280℃热处理后晶化过程加快;400℃热处理后晶化完全;500℃加热处理后晶粒开始长大.表明非晶态Ni-P合金的晶化在200～400℃温度范围内进行,晶化过程中,弥散析出的Ni3P相具有调幅结构.大量高硬度的Ni3P相弥散析出,使镀层硬度大大提高.     

化学复合镀镍-磷-金刚石镀速的研究

研究了在化学校镍磷合金镀液中加入金刚石微粒形成镍-磷-金刚石复合镀层的共沉积过程，分析镀液中各成分及操作条件对合金镀层沉积速度的影响，并对镀层的组织和性能进行了测试，结果表明：Ni—P—金刚石复合镀层镀速可达28μm/h，硬度可达HV0.11850左右。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis