粘弹正交各向异性空心圆柱体周向SH波

基于Kelvin-Voight模型,推导了粘弹正交各向异性空心圆柱体周向SH波控制方程,得出了SH波特性受两个弹性常数与粘性系数的影响。通过第一类和第二类Bessel函数,求出频散方程。计算了四种不同径厚比下的相速度频散曲线和衰减曲线,分析了径厚比的变化对频散和衰减曲线的影响。为了与正交各向异性相比较,计算了粘弹各向同性空心圆柱体中周向SH波,并讨论了两个弹性常数和粘性系数对频散曲线和衰减曲线的影响。     

挠性橡胶管管壁对压力波传播速度的影响

为研究挠性橡胶管衰减管内流体脉动的机理,由流体的质量连续和动量方程出发,并将挠性橡胶管管壁 的粘弹性和横截面径向阻抗率加以考虑,得出了管中压力波的波动方程.用波数的概念将管内流动介质的波动方程化为 传递矩阵的形式.。在此基础上,得出了压力波在挠性橡胶管介质中传播时的复波速。为说明管壁的横截面径向阻抗率 对在胶管介质中传播的压力波的影响,与不考虑阻抗率而仅考虑管壁粘弹性的复波速进行了对比,并且分别考虑了厚壁 管和薄壁管两种情况;研究了管中流体流速对其流体脉动衰减的影响并建立了流体脉动衰减的传递损失的公式。计算 结果表明,薄壁管比厚壁管能更有效地抑制脉动;管壁阻抗率对压力波在挠性橡胶管介质中的传播的影响不容忽视;适 当加大挠性橡胶管管径可以更有效地衰减流体脉动。     

聚氨酯泡沫塑料复模量参数的测试和识别

根据粘弹性阻尼材料悬壁梁结构的自由衰减振动数据来识别材料的复模量参数－弹性模量和损耗因子。并给出了三种不同密度的硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料在不同温度、频率下的弹性模量和损耗因子的测试和识别结果。     

基于三维弹性理论的碳纤维板中Lamb波建模

基于主动Lamb波的结构健康监测是目前复合材料结构损伤监测技术研究的热点之一,了解Lamb波的传播特性对进行可靠的损伤监测非常重要.本文结合经典三维弹性理论与Lamb波的运动位移方程,对碳纤维复合材料板中传播的Lamb波传播特性进行了建模研究,在此基础上推导了碳纤维板的相速度频散曲线,并讨论了Lamb波传播方向与坐标轴之间的夹角及碳纤维铺层方向对频散曲线的影响,建模结果证明了这种建模方法的正确性.     

粘性联结的层状固体媒质中兰姆波的传播

在复合材料中 ,当有粘弹体存在时 ,粘弹体的粘性会对波的传播造成一定影响。早期的 Thomson-Haskell矩阵以面波描述板层中的场 ,而面波的幅值在各个方向都是常数 ,因此它们不能描述在一衰减媒质中反射或透射波的衰减。本文中引入体波衰减的模型 ,即 Kelvin- Voigt的粘弹性描述 [1] ,该方法导致了一个复数波数。其实部描述了波的传播 ,而虚部则描述波的衰减。1　基本理论传递矩阵可以描述弹性波在包含任意多层的层状媒质中的传播特性 [2 ] 。1.1　无限弹性固体中的波对图 1所示的计算模型 ,其运动位移方程用矢量形式可表示为 :　　 ρ 2 U …     

非周期型理想钻柱系统声传播特性研究

基于一维声传播理论推导出了非周期型理想钻柱系统的频散方程和透射波声衰减方程,数值计算了非周期型钻柱系统几何参量与其频散特性、声衰减特性之间的关系,并利用有限元ANSYS对非周期型理想钻柱系统的声传播特性的结果进行了验证。研究结果表明：非周期型理想钻柱系统的频散特性与多个周期性结构系统频散特性相“与”的结果一致,具有通带较窄而阻带较宽,且频率在阻带范围内的声波沿钻柱传播时声衰减较大的特性。     

基于分数导数模型的粘弹性桩振动分析

研究成果表明混凝土桩具有粘弹性性质,为了准确分析粘弹性桩的振动特性,必须建立准确的本构模型。在分数导数理论、粘弹性理论、应力波理论基础上建立了基于分数导数模型的粘弹性桩的振动方程,利用Zhang-Shimizu分数导数数值积分法得到基于分数导数模型的粘弹性桩的振动方程数值解。分析结果表明分数导数微分算子的阶数和粘弹比对粘弹性桩桩端速度衰减的快慢和衰减周期等有很大的影响。     

纤维增强复合板中声弹Lamb波的波结构分析

基于线性三维弹性理论和“增量变形力学”理论,采用勒让德正交多项式展开法,推导了在水平和垂直方向施加初应力时,沿纤维增强复合板的非主对称轴方向传播的声弹Lamb波的波动方程,并对波动方程进行数值求解。为了验证方法的准确性,将该文方法求解的各向同性材料的相速度频散曲线与Disperse?软件的计算结果进行比较,两者吻合良好。以单层单向纤维增强复合材料板为例,计算了无初应力状态下的波结构应力曲线,并与应力自由边界初始条件的一致性进行了比较。研究了水平和垂直方向初应力效应对Lamb波频散曲线的影响。针对声弹效应较为敏感的Lamb波A₀模态,着重分析了初应力效应对波结构位移分布曲线的影响。     

多层有砟轨道结构弹性波波动行为及带隙特性

为更好探究弹性波在有砟轨道结构中的传播特性,建立基本元胞平面波倒格矢下的多层有砟轨道波动方程,得到无限周期结构模型的频散曲线及各阶带隙,分别为：0～57.4 Hz、72.14 Hz～122.2 Hz、141.9 Hz～243.5 Hz。通过参数分析,得出结构中的局域共振带隙主要受到扣件、轨枕、道床刚度等轨下支撑的影响;Bragg 带隙主要受到扣件刚度及元胞长度的影响。同时,建立有限周期数的多层有砟轨道模型求解结构的振动传递系数dB,得到在各阶带隙范围内dB值小于0,即弹性波明显衰减,验证了带隙的存在及计算的正确性。为探寻带隙机理,模拟多层有砟轨道的集中质量模型,推导出各阶带隙的边界频率计算公式及振动模式。最后,提取位于带隙范围内的60 Hz、90 Hz、200 Hz以及位于通带范围内的70 Hz、150 Hz、2 000 Hz下的钢轨及道床位移分布,对于带隙范围内的频率,钢轨及道床位移会沿着弹性波波动方向快速衰减,表现出带隙特性,且衰减速度与振动传递系数大小相符;而对于通带范围内的频率,钢轨及道床位移沿着弹性波的波动方向无明显变化或衰减,即表现出通带特性,这进一步阐释有砟轨道结构中弹性波的传播特性以及带隙对钢轨及环境振动的抑制作用。有关结论可为后续从波动角度研究轨道结构及环境振动提供新的思路及理论支撑。     

间隙波在功能梯度压电板和压电半空间结构中的传播

研究了间隙波在功能梯度压电板和压电半空间结构中的传播性质.功能梯度压电板的材料性能沿x2方向呈指数变化,首先推导了间隙波传播时的解析解,利用界面条件得到了间隙波的频散方程,基于推导的频散方程,结合数值算例分析了功能梯度压电材料的梯度、压电层厚度以及材料性能对间隙波相速度的影响,研究结果对功能梯度压电材料的覆层结构在声波器件中的应用具有重要的参考价值.     

Convergence criteria for scattering models of ultrasonic wave propagation in suspensions of particles

Scattering models used to simulate the attenuation and phase velocity of an ultrasonic wave propagating through a suspension of particles involve the summation of an infinite series of partial waves. The accuracy of computation is influenced by the number of terms included in the harmonic series, and the number of terms required depends upon the scatterer size compared with wavelength. It is shown that the errors in modelled attenuation and phase velocity resulting from premature truncation can be significant when modelling higher values of particle diameter-frequency product. A useful and simple heuristic is presented, in which the number of terms in the summation of the infinite series needed for satisfactory convergence to a final value is a function of the particle diameter-frequency product and of the compressive wave velocity in the continuous phase     

Propagation of Waves Through Cylindrical Bore in a Cubic Micropolar Generalized Thermoelastic Medium

The article deals with the propagation of axial symmetric cylindrical surface waves in a cylindrical bore through a micropolar thermoelastic medium of infinite extent possessing cubic symmetry. The theories of generalized thermoelasticity developed by Lord and Shulman and Green and Lindsay are used to study the problem. The frequency equations, connecting the phase velocity with the wave number, radius of bore, and other material parameters for empty and liquid-filled bores are derived. Some special cases have been deduced. The numerical results obtained have been illustrated graphically to understand the behavior of the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient versus the wave number.     

Energy flux characteristics of inhomogeneous waves in anisotropic thermoviscoelastic media

This study aims to calculate the wave-field characteristics of four attenuating waves in anisotropic thermoviscoelastic medium. An energy balance equation relates the complex-valued energy flux vector to the time-averaged densities of kinetic energy, strain energy and dissipated energy of plane harmonic waves in the medium. A complex slowness vector defines the inhomogeneous propagation of an attenuating wave in the medium. This slowness vector is specified with the phase velocity and the two non-dimensional attenuation parameters of the wave. One of the attenuation parameter defines the inhomogeneity strength of the wave as a measure of its deviation from homogeneous propagation. The phase velocity, attenuation parameters, polarizations of particles, propagation direction are combined to define the group velocity, ray direction and quality factor of attenuation of an inhomogeneous wave in the medium. Numerical examples are considered to study the variations of these characteristics of energy flux with propagation direction and inhomogeneity strength for each of the four attenuating waves in the medium. The effects of anisotropic symmetries are analyzed on the velocities of waves. The decay-rate of energy densities is exhibited with offset in the propagation-attenuation plane.     

Guided wave propagation in an elastic hollow cylinder coated with a viscoelastic material

The propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in an elastic hollow cylinder with a viscoelastic coating is studied. The principle motivation is to provide tools for performing a guided wave, nondestructive inspection of piping and tubing with viscoelastic coatings. The theoretical boundary value problem is solved that describes the guided wave propagation in these structures for the purpose of finding the guided wave modes that propagate with little or no attenuation. The model uses the global matrix technique to generate the dispersion equation for the longitudinal modes of a system of an arbitrary number of perfectly bonded hollow cylinders with traction-free outer surfaces. A numerical solution of the dispersion equation produces the phase velocity and attenuation dispersion curves that describe the nature of the guided wave propagation. The attenuation dispersion curves show some guided wave modes that propagate with little or no attenuation in the coated structures of interest. The wave structure is examined for two of the modes to verify that the boundary conditions are satisfied and to explain their attenuation behavior. Experimental results are produced using an array of transducers positioned circumferentially around the pipe to evaluate the accuracy of the numerical solution.     

温度对大鼠肝脏中剪切波与频散特性影响研究

剪切波相速度和衰减的频散特性的准确测量具有重要的意义。温度变化可能会对生物软组织的力学特性产生影响,为了研究温度的变化对剪切波相速度和衰减频散特性测量的影响,以大鼠肝脏为研究对象,基于声辐射力的剪切波成像的方法,通过离体实验来获取大鼠肝脏内部不同温度下的剪切波相速度和衰减频散特性曲线。实验结果发现,随着温度的升高,剪切波相速度逐渐减少,衰减频散逐渐增大,特别是在较高的频段(270~380 Hz)的变化更为显著。结果表明温度是测量大鼠肝脏中剪切波相速度和衰减频散特性中不可忽略的因素,这对今后的动物实验研究以及疾病评估提供了实验参考,具有重要的意义。     

Magneto-thermo-elastic plane waves in rotating media

A study is made of the propagation of plane harmonic waves in an infinite conducting thermo-elastic solid permeated by a primary uniform magnetic field when the entire elastic medium is rotating with a uniform angular velocity. A more general dispersion relation is obtained to determine the effects of rotation, relaxation time and the external magnetic field on the phase velocity of the waves. This result indicates that if the primary magnetic field has a transverse component, then the longitudinal and transverse components of the displacement field are linked together. For the case of low frequency (Gc ? 1 where κ is the ratio of the wave frequency to the characteristic frequency), the rotation and the thermal relaxation time are found to have no influence on the phase velocity, and the attenuation factor for both finite and infinite electrical conductivity. In the case of high frequency (κ ? 1), no effect of rotation on the phase speed is observed to the first order of ($\text{1}\text{κ}$), while the relaxation time affects both the phase velocity and the specific energy loss. However, the effects of rotation on the phase speed, the attenuation factor, and the specific energy loss are found only to the second order of ($\text{1}\text{κ}$) in the case of high frequency. Several limiting cases of interest are discussed.     

Propagation of inhomogeneous waves in anisotropic piezo-thermoelastic media

A mathematical model for the propagation of harmonic plane waves in an anisotropic piezo-thermoelastic medium is explained through three relations. Two of them relate the stress-induced harmonic variations in temperature and electric potential to mechanical displacement of material particles. The third is a system that defines modified Christoffel equations for wave propagation in the medium. The solution of this system is ensured by a quartic equation whose complex roots explain the existence and propagation of four attenuating waves in the medium. The effects of piezoelectricity and thermoelasticity on the wave propagation are analyzed in the discussion of special cases. An angle between propagation direction and direction of maximum attenuation defines the attenuated wave as inhomogeneous wave. The complex slowness vector for each of the four attenuated waves in the medium is resolved to calculate the phase velocity and the attenuation factor for its propagation as an inhomogeneous wave along a general direction in three-dimensional space. The variations in phase velocities and attenuation factors with propagation direction are computed, for a realistic numerical model.     

Interaction of antiplane cracks with elastic waves in transversely isotropic materials

Summary The interaction of plane time-harmonic SH-waves with micro-cracks in transversely isotropic materials is investigated. Elastic wave scattering by a single micro-crack is first analyzed. The scattered displacement is expressed as a Fourier integral containing the crack opening displacement. By using this representation formula and by invoking the traction-free boundary condition on the faces of the crack, a boundary integral equation for the unknown crack opening displacement is obtained. Expanding the crack opening displacement into a series of Chebyshev polynomials and adopting a Galerkin method, the boundary integral equation is converted into an infinite system of inear algebraic equations for the expansion coefficients which is solved numerically. Numerical results are presented for the elastodynamic stress intensity factors, the scattered far-field and the scattering cross section of a single crack. Then, propagation of plane time-harmonic SH-waves in a transversely isotropicmaterial permeated by a random and dilute distribution of micro-cracks is investigated. The effects of the micro-crack density on the attenuation coefficient and the phase velocity are analyzed by appealing to a simple energy consideration and by using Kramers-Kronig relations.     

Lamb waves in a thin isotropic layer between two anisotropic layers

Attenuative Lamb wave propagation in adhesively bonded anisotropic composite plates is introduced. The isotropic adhesive exhibits viscous behavior to stimulate the poor curing of the middle layer. Viscosity is assumed to vary linearly with frequency, implying that attenuation per wavelength is constant. Attenuation can be implemented in the analysis through modification of elastic properties of isotropic adhesive. The new properties become complex, but cause no further complications in the analysis. The characteristic equation is the same as that used for the elastic plate case, except that both real and imaginary parts of the wave number (i.e., the attenuation) must be computed. Based on the Lowe's solution in finding the complex roots of characteristic equation, the effect of longitudinal and shear attenuation coefficients of the middle adhesive layer on phase velocity dispersion curves and attenuation dispersion curves of Lamb waves propagating in bonded anisotropic composites is visualized numerically.