太赫兹光场数据采集与数字重聚焦实验研究

本文对太赫兹光场数据采集与数字重聚焦成像进行实验研究。太赫兹成像因其穿透性、无损性等优点,近年来备受国内外研究者关注。太赫兹波段的光场成像技术有望增强图像质量、改善应用效果。本文在分析光场成像基本原理、系统结构、重建方法的基础上,应用太赫兹焦平面阵列相机进行太赫兹光场数据采集和数字重聚焦实验。首先采集太赫兹光场原始数据,然后通过数字重聚焦进行计算成像,最后对重构图像做增强处理,得到了深度、角度及目标物轮廓分辨力强的太赫兹图像。实验证明了太赫兹光场成像技术的可行性及其改善图像质量、丰富复现效果的能力。     

太赫兹超材料及其成像应用研究进展

电磁超材料因具有特殊的物理性质以及在电磁波操控方面的重要应用而备受关注。本文综述了太赫兹超材料及其成像应用的研究进展:首先介绍了太赫兹超材料的研究概况,重点讨论了可调谐与可重构太赫兹超材料、太赫兹数字编码与现场可编程超材料的研究进展;在此基础上,阐述了太赫兹超材料在成像领域的应用,包括基于超表面透镜、超材料吸波器、可重构超表面和现场可编程超表面的太赫兹成像技术;最后讨论了太赫兹超材料及其成像应用发展趋势。功能可重构及智能化将是太赫兹超材料的重要发展方向,而新兴的信息超材料融合了超材料与信息技术也将使太赫兹成像更加高效便捷。     

太赫兹波计算鬼成像:原理和展望

本文立足于太赫兹波成像领域近年来备受关注的研究热点—太赫兹波计算鬼成像,首先回顾了鬼成像从量子到经典再到计算的历史过程,然后阐述了计算鬼成像的数学原理,随后综述了计算鬼成像在太赫兹波段的发展历程,及其在超衍射分辨成像、石墨烯光电导成像、太赫兹光谱成像等方面的应用,并在最后展望了太赫兹波计算鬼成像的发展前景:计算鬼成像作为一种成像手段,可以绕开在太赫兹频段缺乏经济高效的焦面阵列式探测器的难题,但目前的成像帧率还难以满足快速成像的应用需求,相信在未来随着器件性能的提升和成像算法的优化,其成像帧率可以得到大幅提升。     

连续太赫兹波数字全息相衬成像

太赫兹波具有独特的低能性、高穿透性、惧水性等成像特性,将其应用于相衬成像能够反映物体的内部结构和更加丰富全面的生物信息,在生物医学检测等领域具有重要的应用。其中,太赫兹波数字全息成像是一种可以给出定量的振幅和相位信息的非接触、全场相衬成像方法,是太赫兹成像技术领域的重要研究方向之一。本文基于连续太赫兹源,从离轴式和同轴式数字全息成像的相衬成像原理、光路系统和再现算法多个方面,介绍了相关技术的研究现状,分析了太赫兹源、再现算法等因素对成像分辨率的影响,并对太赫兹数字全息的发展趋势进行了展望。     

航天科工二院二○三所首次研建国内太赫兹脉冲波形校准系统

<正>本刊讯近日,航天科工二院二○三所通过开展"太赫兹电脉冲产生与测量技术预先研究"项目,在国内率先具备太赫兹脉冲波形的校准能力。系统实现了半幅度脉冲宽度小于8ps、上升时间小于6ps的太赫兹脉冲的产生,脉冲宽度仅为传统电脉冲的1/3,系统测量带宽比传统宽带示波器提升6倍以上,具备了超高速、超带宽光     

太赫兹成像技术在肿瘤检测中的应用

太赫兹(THz)波是频率位于0.1 THz^10 THz的电磁波。因其具有非电离性,以及可与多数生物分子产生共振响应等特性,在生物医学领域有着巨大应用潜力,尤其在肿瘤检测方面。太赫兹成像技术作为生物医学领域一种新的成像技术,吸引国内外多个研究小组对其开展深入研究。本文列举分析了多种太赫兹成像技术在肿瘤检测的应用,其中可分为太赫兹扫描成像、太赫兹层析成像、太赫兹全息成像以及太赫兹近场成像,介绍了这些成像方式的基本原理以及国内外研究现状,最后对太赫兹成像技术在生物领域的未来做出展望。     

基于喷射效应的太赫兹高分辨成像研究与进展

太赫兹(THz)成像技术,因其具有能量低、透射率高、波谱范围宽等独特的分析能力,已经在生物医学、安全检查、航空航天等领域展现出巨大的优势及潜在的应用价值,但是较低的空间分辨率制约了太赫兹成像技术的进一步应用。太赫兹波通过具有适当折射率的介质结构产生的“太喷射”效应调控亚波长尺寸太赫兹光场,突破衍射极限对显微系统空间分辨率的限制,同时不损失光场能量和光谱信息,实现高通量、超宽谱的远场太赫兹高分辨成像。本文首先介绍基于纳米喷射的微球透镜显微技术,接着介绍基于太喷射的太赫兹显微技术,最后对基于喷射效应的太赫兹高分辨成像技术的前景做了展望。     

太赫兹医学成像研究进展

太赫兹波所具有的无损性以及大量生物分子在太赫兹频段的指纹特性,使其在医学成像领域有着良好的应用前景。本文首先简要概述了太赫兹的医学成像技术手段,其次分别介绍了太赫兹在离体、活体组织中成像的研究现状。生物组织中的水会对太赫兹波产生强吸收,使得成像对比度受限。目前,为了减少组织中的水对成像的影响,针对离体组织的太赫兹成像大多需要进行切片、脱水等预处理,活体中的成像则主要应用在浅表组织。文章重点介绍了活体成像中有望提高太赫兹成像对比度的纳米粒子造影剂,最后对太赫兹医学成像的发展进行了展望。     

关于太赫兹通信技术的综合分析探讨

THz波段和脉冲光源的认识是在激光技术发展的中后期被人们所逐渐了解的,太赫兹波地频宽较高,而且目前在公开的应用领域还没有进行广泛的频带分配,太赫兹波本身具备着高效的传输速率和极低的散射性,而且安全度相对较高,可以说是一种具有巨大应用前景的通信技术。目前太赫兹通信技术在国内外逐渐被重视,相关的研究也逐渐的深入,形成大致的系统框架。主要阐述太赫兹技术的原理及太赫兹波的基本理论,分析太赫兹通信技术的应用优势及发展成果,并对未来的推广应用做以展望。     

太赫兹成像技术专题导读

太赫兹波是指频率在0.1到30太赫兹(THz)范围内的电磁波辐射,它在非极性物质中具有较好的透过性并具有较低的单光子能量,在生物医药检测、半导体特性表征、人体安全检查、无损探伤等众多科研和工业领域具有极强的应用价值。随着太赫兹源与探测器技术的发展,太赫兹成像技术逐渐成熟,并开始走向应用。本专题主要从方法和应用两个方面介绍太赫兹成像技术的发展及未来。     

Non-destructive Investigation of Paintings on Canvas by Continuous Wave Terahertz Imaging and Flash Thermography

Terahertz (THz) imaging is increasingly used in the cultural heritage field. In particular, continuous wave (CW) and low frequency THz is attracting more attention. The first application of the THz technique inherent to the cultural heritage field dates back 10 years ago. Since 2006, tangible improvements have been conducted in the refinement of the technique, with the aim to produce clear maps useful for any art restorer. In this paper, a CW THz (0.1 THz) imaging system was used to inspect paintings on canvas both in reflection and in transmission modes. In particular, two paintings were analyzed: in the first one, similar materials and painting execution of the original artwork were used, while in the second one, the canvas layer is slightly different. Flash thermography was used herein together with the THz method in order to observe the differences in results for the textile support materials. A possible application of this method for the detection of artwork forgery requires some parameterization and analysis of various materials or thickness influence which will be addressed in a future study. In this work, advanced image processing techniques including principal component thermography (PCT) and partial least squares thermography (PLST) were used to process the infrared data. Finally, a comparison of CW THz and thermographic results was conducted.     

Time‐domain imaging system in the terahertz range for immovable cultural heritage materials

In the field of cultural heritage science, the use of non‐destructive and contact‐free techniques has increased sharply over the past 10 years. Compared with conventional spectroscopic and imaging techniques such as X‐ray, ultraviolet, infrared, and laser spectroscopy, terahertz time‐domain imaging (THz‐TDI) is an innovative, non‐invasive, and safe technique, which provides good penetration depth (~1 cm) and broad spectral bandwidth (0.1–10 THz). This paper sets out the protocol and methodology for the application of THz‐TDI to immovable cultural heritage, illustrated by a series of case studies. The case studies demonstrate the efficacy of the technique in providing structural and material information for conservators.     

Absolute distance measurement of optically rough objects using asynchronous-optical-sampling terahertz impulse ranging

We report on a real-time terahertz (THz) impulse ranging (IPR) system based on a combination of time-of-flight measurement of pulsed THz radiation and the asynchronous-optical-sampling (ASOPS) technique. The insensitivity of THz radiation to optical scattering enables the detection of various objects having optically rough surfaces. The temporal magnification capability unique to ASOPS achieves precise distance measurements of a stationary target at an accuracy of -551 μm and a resolution of 113 μm. Furthermore, ASOPS THz IPR is effectively applied to real-time distance measurements of a moving target at a scan rate of 10 Hz. Finally, we demonstrate the application of ASOPS THz IPR to a shape measurement of an optically rough surface and a thickness measurement of a paint film, showing the promise of further expanding the application scope of ASOPS THz IPR. The reported method will become a powerful tool for nondestructive inspection of large-scale structures.     

Three-dimensional terahertz wave imaging

Pulsed terahertz (THz) wave sensing and imaging is a coherent measurement technology. Like radar, based on the phase and amplitude of the THz pulse at each frequency, THz waves provide temporal and spectroscopic information that allows us to develop various three-dimensional (3D) terahertz tomographic imaging modalities. The 3D THz tomographic imaging methods we investigated include THz time-of-flight tomography, THz computed tomography (CT) and THz binary lens tomography. THz time-of-flight uses the THz pulses as a probe beam to temporally mark the target, and then constructs a 3D image of the target using the THz waves scattered by the target. THz CT is based on geometrical optics and inspired from X-ray CT. THz binary lens tomography uses the frequency-dependent focal-length property of binary lenses to obtain tomographic images of an object. Three-dimensional THz imaging has potential in such applications as non-destructive inspection. The interaction between a coherent THz pulse and an object provides rich information about the object under study; therefore, 3D THz imaging can be used to inspect or characterize dielectric and semiconductor objects. For example, 3D THz imaging has been used to detect and identify the defects inside a Space Shuttle insulation tile.     

Terahertz polarization real-time imaging based on balanced electro-optic detection

A terahertz (THz) polarization real-time imaging system that can effectively reduce experimental time consumption for acquiring a sample's polarization information is achieved. An alternative THz polarization measurement method is proposed. In this method, a <110> zinc-blende crystal is used as the sensor, and the probe polarization is adjusted to detect THz electric fields on the two orthogonal polarization components. The relative sensitivity of the imaging system to the THz polarization angle is estimated to be less than 0.5°. To illustrate the ability of the system, two samples are designed and measured by using the system. From their THz polarization real-time images, each region of these samples can be precisely presented. Experimental results clearly show the special influences of different materials on the THz polarization. This work effectively extends the information content obtained by THz real-time imaging and improves the feasibility of the imaging technique.     

基于太赫兹量子阱光电探测器的成像技术研究进展

太赫兹(THz)波对非极性材料有较好的穿透性,对生物医学组织无电离效应,因而非常适合无损检测、生物医学成像等应用。THz量子阱光电探测器(THz QWPs)具有响应速度快、响应率高、噪声等效功率低、体积小的特点。相较于其他探测器,THz QWPs作为成像系统接收器时,系统具有成像分辨率高、成像速度快、成像信噪比高、结构紧凑等优势。本文综述了基于THz QWPs的成像研究进展,并对成像系统核心指标的影响因素进行了分析和总结。采用更稳定的装置固定THz QWPs,提升器件响应速度、探测灵敏度、阵列规模,可以有效提升系统各项核心性能。     

Potential for detection of explosive and biological hazards with electronic terahertz systems

The terahertz (THz) regime (0.1-10 THz) is rich with emerging possibilities in sensing, imaging and communications, with unique applications to screening for weapons, explosives and biohazards, imaging of concealed objects, water content and skin. Here we present initial surveys to evaluate the possibility of sensing plastic explosives and bacterial spores using field-deployable electronic THz techniques based on short-pulse generation and coherent detection using nonlinear transmission lines and diode sampling bridges. We also review the barriers and approaches to achieving greater sensing-at-a-distance (stand-off) capabilities for THz sensing systems. We have made several reflection measurements of metallic and non-metallic targets in our laboratory, and have observed high contrast relative to reflection from skin. In particular, we have taken small quantities of energetic materials such as plastic explosives and a variety of Bacillus spores, and measured them in transmission and in reflection using a broadband pulsed electronic THz reflectometer. The pattern of reflection versus frequency gives rise to signatures that are remarkably specific to the composition of the target, even though the target's morphology and position is varied. Although more work needs to be done to reduce the effects of standing waves through time-gating or attenuators, the possibility of mapping out this contrast for imaging and detection is very attractive.     

Nondestructive defect identification with terahertz time-of-flight tomography

We demonstrate the application of terahertz (THz) time-of-flight tomographic imaging to identify the distribution of defects in foam materials. Based on THz time-domain spectroscopy technology, THz imaging probes targets with picosecond pulses of broad-band radiation in the frequency range from 100 GHz to 3 THz. The reflected THz wave from the target is measured using electrooptic sampling, which provides two-dimensional images with phase and amplitude information, as well as the spectroscopic properties of the object. The depth information is recorded in the THz time-domain waveform. Several reconstruction models are developed for tomographic imaging of defects inside foam. Foam insulation of space shuttle fuel tanks, with prebuilt defects, are investigated with THz tomographic imaging. Most prebuilt defects are pinpointed and models used to identify different kinds of defects are discussed.