局部均值分解和排列熵在行星齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用EI北大核心CSCD

目前行星齿轮箱已经在军用和民用装备中广泛应用,研究行星齿轮箱的故障诊断方法意义重大。针对行星齿轮箱在运行时产生的非线性非平稳振动,且故障特征信号微弱等问题,提出一种结合局部均值分解和排列熵的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。利用局部均值分解方法将不同状态下的振动信号分解为多个乘积函数分量,针对包含有故障信息的分量进行排列熵计算,以此判断故障类型。最后通过采集行星齿轮箱故障模拟试验台三种状态(齿轮正常、太阳轮裂纹故障及行星轮裂纹故障)的振动信号,对其进行局部均值分解和排列熵计算,验证了此方法的有效性。     

局部均值分解和排列熵在行星齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用

目前行星齿轮箱已经在军用和民用装备中广泛应用,研究行星齿轮箱的故障诊断方法意义重大。针对行星齿轮箱在运行时产生的非线性非平稳振动,且故障特征信号微弱等问题,提出一种结合局部均值分解和排列熵的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。利用局部均值分解方法将不同状态下的振动信号分解为多个乘积函数分量,针对包含有故障信息的分量进行排列熵计算,以此判断故障类型。最后通过采集行星齿轮箱故障模拟试验台三种状态(齿轮正常、太阳轮裂纹故障及行星轮裂纹故障)的振动信号,对其进行局部均值分解和排列熵计算,验证了此方法的有效性。     

基于局部均值分解的滚动轴承故障诊断新方法

针对滚动轴承振动信号的非平稳特性和调制特点,提出了一种基于Wigner-Ville谱熵的特征提取新方法：运用局部均值分解算法将轴承振动信号分解为若干个乘积函数,并基于Wigner-Ville分布描述主要乘积函数分量的时频能量特征。在此基础上,结合Shannon熵构造一种新的特征提取指标—Wigner-Ville谱熵,并将其构成的特征向量输入到最小二乘支持向量机,实现了轴承不同工作状态和故障程度的自动分类与诊断。仿真和实例分析证明了方法的有效性。     

基于LMD和局域时频熵的旋转机械故障诊断方法

提出了一种基于局部均值分解和局域时频熵的旋转机械故障诊断方法。以旋转机械作为研究对象,利用LMD方法分解旋转机械振动信号,对分解得到的各乘积函数进行Hilbert变换,得到振动信号的时频分布。为了定量描述振动信号能量的时频分布情况,提出了局域时频熵的概念,根据旋转机械故障的频谱特征,将整个时频平面划分为若干时频段,计算时频段的局域时频熵,以局域时频熵作为旋转机械故障特征,实现旋转机械故障特征提取。基于局域时频熵进行故障特征提取可以细致地反映各时频区域能量分布的差别,同时可以减小计算量,提高运算速度。仿真与实验结果表明,该方法能有效地应用于旋转机械故障诊断中。     

基于VMD的行星齿轮箱故障特征提取新方法

针对行星齿轮箱振动信号故障特征提取困难的问题,提出一种基于变分模态分解的行星齿轮箱故障特征提取方法。首先利用变分模态分解(VMD)算法对样本信号进行分解,得到若干本征模态函数(imf)。然后,计算各分量与样本信号之间的相关系数和欧氏距离,筛选出表征样本信号特征的有效分量,并计算其Teager能量算子,将计算结果进行重构。最后,针对多尺度模糊熵对信号局部差异不够敏感,提取重构信号的多尺度模糊熵和多尺度能量作为基本参数,进行参数融合构成新指标。将其应用于行星齿轮箱太阳轮和行星轴承故障分析,结果表明:新方法既可以区分行星齿轮箱太阳轮不同故障类型,又能有效识别行星轴承不同位置故障。另外,与现有方法对比,新方法区分效果更好。     

非线性量子信息熵及其在行星变速箱特征提取中应用

针对行星齿轮箱在运行时产生的非线性非平稳振动,且故障特征信号微弱等问题,将量子理论引入到信息熵的计算中,提出一种全新的特征提取方法-非线性量子信息熵。根据量子理论的基本概念,建立了振动信号的多量子位系统;分析了将量子理论引入到信息熵中的可行性,进而提出了非线性量子信息熵基本原理,并对行星齿轮箱三种运行状态振动仿真信号的非线性量子信息熵进行了分析,说明了量子信息熵作为行星齿轮箱特征的可行性;最后以行星变速箱故障试验台采集到的五种状态信号为例,计算其非线性量子信息熵,并与时频熵和样本熵计算结果对比。结果表明,非线性线性量子信息熵能够有效的提取行星变速箱运行状态特征。     

基于LMD的能量算子解调方法及其在故障特征信号提取中的应用

. 局域均值分解是将多分量调频调幅信号分解为一系列单分量调频调幅信号的有效时频分析方法。为提取故障信号的特征,提出了基于局域均值分解的能量算子解调方法,局域均值分解将复杂的多分量信号分解为若干个乘积函数的线性组合,再通过能量算子解调方法可求取每个乘积函数的幅频信息,从而可进一步获取故障信号的时频分布或提取其故障特征。为提高分析精度,提出了特征趋势正弦函数数据延拓方法以有效克服端点效应的影响。实验信号的分析结果表明,所提出的基于局域均值分解的能量算子解调方法能有效提取机械故障振动信号的特征。     

基于经验模式分解和Teager能量谱的齿轮箱故障诊断

在线监测汽车齿轮变速箱运转工作状态,及时发现齿轮箱的早期故障,对汽车运行的安全性有重要意义。利用经验模式分解和Teager能量谱对振动加速度传感器获取的齿轮箱振动信号进行特性分析。先利用经验模式分解获得故障信号的本征模式函数,然后计算本征模式函数Teager能量谱,提取本征模式函数系数-能量谱特征值来分析时频故障特性。仿真研究结果表明用Teager能量特征表达在故障定位和故障信息提取方面是可行的和有效的,提高了故障检测的可靠性。     

基于局部均值分解多尺度模糊熵和灰色相似关联度的滚动轴承故障诊断

提出了一种基于局部均值分解多尺度模糊熵和灰色相似关联度相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。该方法将故障信号自适应地分解为若干乘积函数,并从中选取包含主要故障信息的PF分量计算多尺度模糊熵作为特征向量,通过计算待识别样本与标准故障模式的灰色相似关联度,对滚动轴承故障类型和损伤程度进行判断。将该方法与LMD模糊熵和灰色相似关联度相结合的方法进行了对比,实验表明,基于LMD多尺度模糊熵和灰色相似关联度的滚动轴承故障诊断方法,能够有效地识别滚动轴承运行状态,实现对滚动轴承的故障诊断。     

基于EEMD和Teager能量算子的行星齿轮箱故障特征提取研究

针对行星齿轮箱振动信号故障特征提取困难、幅值和频率调制明显等问题,提出一种基于集合经验模态分解(EEMD)和Teager能量算子的行星齿轮箱故障特征提取方法。新方法首先利用EEMD分解样本信号得到若干本证模量函数(IMF),计算各IMF与原始信号的相关系数和欧式距离,筛选出能够表征原始信号特征的分量。其次,计算筛选后各IMF分量的Teager能量算子,将计算结果进行信号重构。最后,提取重构信号模糊熵及其对应概率密度函数的波形指标,作为基本特征参数进行故障诊断。将所提方法应用于行星齿轮箱实验数据分析,并与常用特征提取方法对比,结果表明:所提出的新方法不仅能有效区分行星齿轮箱故障类型和程度,且识别率优于所对比的方法。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Assessment of intakes of mixtures of radionuclides

Australia has several uranium mines and a large number of mineral sand mines, with associated processing facilities. Exposures resulting from these mining and processing operations usually involve intakes of mixtures of radionuclides. This work describes the development of a suite of first order, linear compartment models, based on the ICRP Publication 66 respiratory tract model, and an analytical solution to the decay equations, for assessing the consequences of such intakes. The computer programs based on these models directly compute excretion, organ retention and organ and whole-body doses for intakes of either single radionuclides or any mixture of radionuclides belonging to the same radioactive decay chain. The intake can be via inhalation, ingestion or injection, and can be acute, chronic or of limited duration. The starting concentration and degree of secular (dis)equilibrium can be specified for each radionuclide. No assumptions need to be made about the relative magnitudes of the radioactive half-lives of the different nuclides.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of anisotropy of properties on the basis of studies of texture of coarse-grained ingots of thermoelectric materials

An analysis of anisotropy of the properties of a Bi₂Se_0.3Te_2.7 solid solution was carried out using construction of demonstrative surfaces for thermoelectric effectiveness and thermal expansion coefficients. It is shown that the texture is an important factor forming anisotropy of properties and technological fitness of ingots for manufacturing modules. Anisotropy of properties based on the studies of the ingot textures obtained using the float-zone method and Bridgman method (growing thermoelectric plates in a flat cavity) was studied.     

Numerical study of methods of linearization of the output characteristics of radio-frequency sensors of the level of dielectric media

Different constructions of the sensing elements of radio-frequency level sensors based on sections of long lines are numerically investigated by means of the Matlab program for the purpose of minimizing the measurement error caused by the nonlinearity of the output characteristic. It is shown that the nonlinearity is lowest for U-shaped designs. The nonlinearity factor KN may be regulated by varying the capacitance of a correcting capacitor connected to the input of the sensing element and (or) the length of one of the sections of the long line. In selecting an optimal capacitance of the correcting capacitor KN ≤ 0.15% for control media with dielectric permittivity in the range 2.2–30.     

Possibilities of Decreasing the Errors of Determination of the Height of the Pole of a Sessile Drop of Melt

We analyze the possibilities of decreasing the errors of measuring the height of the pole of a sessile drop of melt above its equator by determining the position of the equator according to the midpoints of vertical chords of the image of the drop. The optimal distance between these chords and the edge of the image of the drop is chosen within 10–20% of the radius of the equator. The proposed method guarantees the same level of errors of evaluation of the height of the pole and the radius of the equator, which enables one to substantially increase the accuracy of evaluation of the capillary constant and the surface energy of the melt according to the geometric parameters of the sessile drop.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.