人造板甲醛成因及检测方法浅析

本文介绍人造板产牛甲醛的原因，分析了人造板甲醛释放量检测过程中影响测定结果的主要因素，就人造板甲醛释放量的三种检测方法（穿孔萃取法、干燥器法和气候箱法）进行了分析。     

浅析人造板甲醛释放量的检测方法

人造板材是现代装饰装修中最常用产品之一，人造板释放的甲醛对人体的危害性明显。对人造板甲醛释放量的检测，是产品质检的一项重要内容。本文就人造板甲醛释放量的三种检测方法（穿孔萃取法、干燥器法和气候箱法）进行分析，以提高检测准确度。     

木家具中甲醛释放量检测能力验证结果与分析

正0引言木家具,除了全实木家具外,多数都有人造板部件。我国有80%以上的人造板大量使用由甲醛和尿素制备而成的胶粘剂。为保证人造板的优良性能,生产时需要一定量的富余甲醛。因此,需严格控制人造板中甲醛含量,以减少人造板制得的木家具在室内使用过程中甲醛的挥发,防止危害人体健康。甲醛释放量是评价木家具质量最重要的技术指     

解析气候箱法测板材中甲醛释放量

正一、检测范围及标准气候箱法测甲醛适用于饰面人造板,是测板材甲醛释放量的仲裁分析方法。依据标准:GB/T17657-2013《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》;GB18580-2001《室内装饰装修材料、人造板及其制品中甲醛释放量》。二、检测原理将1m2表面积的样品放入温度、相对湿度、空气流速和空气置换率控制在一定值的气候箱内,甲醛从     

“室内装饰装修材料有害物质限量”10项标准内容介绍

1.《室内装饰装修材料 人造板及其制品中甲醛释放限量》(GB18580—2001)标准中规定了室内装修材料用人造板甲醛释放量限值。一般室内用的人造板材主要包括中密度纤维板、高密度纤维板、刨花     

GB 18580与JIS A 1460干燥器法测定刨花板甲醛释放量的比较分析

依据GB 18580-2001《室内装饰装修材料人造板及其制品中甲醛释放限量》中的(9~11)L干燥器法和JIS A 1460:2001《建筑板材甲醛释放量的测定——干燥器法》两种标准对几组不同厚度刨花板的甲醛释放量进行了检测,得出了两种检测方法对甲醛释放量检测结果的影响并分析了原因。     

探讨影响干燥器法测定甲醛释放量的几个因素

人造板及其制品中的甲醛释放限量是执行GB18580-2001《人造板及其制品中的甲醛释放量》标准。该标准中规定干燥器法执行的方法标准是GB /T17657-1999《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》中4．12甲醛释放量干燥器法测定所规定的试验方法进行。在测试过程中其影响因素在标准中都作了明示,有的还有更明确的标注,但实践中却有一部分因素内容很难引起重视．现在我们就测定过程中很难引起重视的影响因素作了以下分析试验．供大家一起探讨：     

1m~3气候箱法测定人造板甲醛含量的不确定度评定

依据欧盟标准《EN 717-1:2004人造板甲醛释放量测定气候箱法》,用1m3气候箱法测定人造板甲醛释放量,对其测量的过程进行研究。系统分析了整个测量过程的不确定度来源并对其进行评定,对各不确定度分量进行了量化,在此基础上提出了该法的合成不确定度和扩展不确定度。     

铀矿石氡的释放实验研究

采用恒温恒湿箱控制实验温湿度,利用伽玛能谱仪测量不同温度和不同湿度条件下氡的释放量,分析了温湿度对铀矿石氡释放的影响。结果表明,在湿度为60%、70%和80%条件下,氡的释放量随温度升高而增大,呈近似正指数函数关系;在温度为20℃和30℃时,湿度对氡释放的影响不大;40℃以上,湿度对氡释放的影响比较明显,说明湿度对铀矿石氡的释放影响比较复杂,其规律性不明显。     

人造板中甲醛释放量的测定及不确定度评估

采用GB/T 17657-2013《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》中的干燥器法,对卫浴家具中人造板甲醛释放量的检测过程进行试验研究,并依据JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》分析影响甲醛释放量测定的各种不确定因素,量化和评定各不确定度分量。结果表明:甲醛释放量为(1.06±0.05)mg·L^-1,扩展不确定度的包含因子k＝2,其置信概率P=95％。经分析,由标准物质认定值和样品的重复测定引入的不确定度最大,其次为标准曲线拟合的变动性所引入的不确定度。     

干燥器法检测条件对人造板甲醛释放量检测值的影响

采用GB／T17657—1999中（9～11）L干燥器法测定板材的甲醛释放量。选取试验环境温度、吸收液反应温度、吸收液反应时间三个因素，分析了三个因素对干燥器法测定甲醛释放量的影响。方差分析结果表明，试验环境温度对甲醛释放量检测值影响极显著，从20℃升至35℃中纤板和刨花板的甲醛释放量检测值急剧增大；而其他两因素影响不显著。     

An application of artificial neural networks for modeling formaldehyde emission based on process parameters in particleboard manufacturing process

Volatile organic compounds refer to a large class of carbon-based chemicals capable of evaporating easily into the air at room temperature. Formaldehyde is one of the best known volatile organic compounds, and long-term exposure to formaldehyde emission from wood-based building products in indoor air may cause many adverse health effects. This paper presents an implementation of artificial neural networks for modeling the formaldehyde emission from particleboard as a wood-based product based on wood-glue moisture content, density of board and pressing temperature, with the experimental data collected from Petinarakis and Kavvouras (Wood Res 51(1):31–40, 2006). With the constructed model, formaldehyde emission of particleboard could be predicted successfully, and the intermediate formaldehyde emission values not obtained from experimental investigation could be predicted for different combinations of manufacturing parameters. The results proved that the artificial neural network is a promising technique in predicting the formaldehyde emission from particleboard. In this regard, the findings of this study will help the manufacturing industries in obtaining the intermediate values of the formaldehyde emission without performing further experimental activity. The model thus may save time, reduce the consumption of experimental materials and design costs.     

无醛装饰纸贴面豆胶胶合板的工艺研究

目的为了解决装饰纸贴面人造板的游离甲醛问题,探究无醛装饰纸贴面胶合板的优化工艺和贴面后涂饰水性聚氨酯的表面耐磨性能。方法采用无醛豆胶为胶黏剂制备装饰纸贴面豆胶胶合板,并在其表面涂饰无醛水性聚氨酯涂料的方法。按照相关国标,检测和分析不同工艺参数对无醛装饰纸贴面豆胶胶合板的表面胶合强度以及不同水性聚氨酯涂料涂饰量对耐磨性能的影响。结果在实验区间内,当无醛豆胶的单面施胶量为200 g/m2,热压温度为150℃,热压时间为1.5 min,热压压力为1 MPa时,无醛装饰纸贴面豆胶胶合板的表面胶合强度最高;当无醛水性聚氨酯涂料的表面涂饰量为190 g/m2时,无醛装饰纸贴面豆胶胶合板的表面耐磨性能最佳。结论采用无醛豆胶为胶黏剂制备胶合板时,无醛豆胶具有较好的渗透性能,无醛水性聚氨酯涂料具有良好的表面性能。     

Development and material properties of new hybrid plywood from oil palm biomass

Shortage of wood as a raw material has forced wood-based industries to find alternative local raw materials. Currently, oil palm biomass is undergoing research and development (R & D) and appears to be the most viable alternative. This work examines the conversion of oil palm trunk (OPT) and oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) into new plywood and analyses its properties. We prepared five-ply veneer hybrid plywood (alternating layers of oil palm trunk veneer and empty fruit bunch mat) with different spread levels (300 g/m² and 500 g/m²) of resins (phenol formaldehyde and urea formaldehyde). We then studied the mechanical and physical properties of the plywood. The results show that hybridisation of EFB with OPT improves some properties of plywood, such as bending strength, screw withdrawal and shear strength. The thermal properties of the plywood panels were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The panels glued with phenol formaldehyde with a spread level of 500 g/m² showed better thermal stability than the other panels. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the fibre matrix bonding and surface morphology of the plywood at different glue spread levels of the resins. The fibre–matrix bonding showed good improvement for the hybrid panel glued with 500 g/m² phenol formaldehyde.     

环境友好型人造板用脲醛树脂胶粘剂合成研究

采用弱碱-弱酸-弱碱工艺,在传统一次加料反应的基础上,尿素与甲醛"分批加入,多点分段"控制反应过程,进行脲醛树脂游离甲醛含量减量化的实验.通过单因素实验,考察F/U摩尔比、羟甲基化温度、聚合反应温度、改性剂等对脲醛树脂胶粘剂游离甲醛含量和性能的影响.结果显示,当甲醛与尿素的摩尔比为1.3:1,羟甲基化反应温度为95～98℃,聚合反应时间30min时,可以合成游离甲醛含量在0.05%以下的脲醛树脂胶粘剂,最终使由脲醛树脂胶粘剂制得人造板的性能技术指标达到E_0级标准.     

Development a new method for pilot scale production of high grade oil palm plywood: Effect of resin content on the mechanical properties,bonding quality and formaldehyde emission of palm plywood

The main objectives of this research were to investigate the formaldehyde emission, some mechanical properties and bonding quality of oil palm trunk (OPT) plywood treated with low molecular weight phenol–formaldehyde (LmwPF), as affected by resin concentration. The mechanical properties are affected by different of amount resin solid contents used. The OPT veneer were treated at either 40%, 32%, 23% or 15% of resin concentration and 12 mm thickness of 3-ply plywood panel were manufactured for each group. In this study the formaldehyde emission, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and bonding quality (shear strength) of OPT plywood were determined. The results revealed that the resin-treatment method was tend to significantly improved the mechanical properties of the OPT plywood panel in which increased solid absorption gives better mechanical properties. Apparently, high mechanical properties were obtained for panel manufacturer from veneer treated with 32% and 40% resin content. The resin-treated OPT plywood provided superior mechanical strength with improvements at least 202% MOE and 159% MOR compared to commercial OPT plywood. Whereas, mechanical properties of the resin-treated OPT plywood were drastically decrease with increasing the water substitution. Formaldehyde emission content of OPT panels decreased upon reduction of resin content into treatment process and were significant at resin concentration. The resin-treated OPT panels at 32% solid content provided a reasonable amount of free formaldehyde (0.359 mg/L) which attained F⁷⁷ according to Japanese Agriculture Standard (JAS). The shear strength of resin-treated OPT plywood panel with 32% and 40% resin content achieved minimum requirements according to the standard European Norms EN 314-1 and EN 314-2 for the interior and exterior application.     

人造板耐老化性能检测技术及方法解析

人造板耐老化性能是评价人造板实际使用质量的重要指标之一,本文分析了人造板在使用过程中老化的原因,介绍了人造板耐老化性能的检测方法的分类以及具体的检测方法。     

甲醛分析仪现场检测技术

采用扩散管动态配气装置发生甲醛标准气体，对BH-1型甲醛快速分析仪的各项性能指标（响应时间，稳定性）进行了测试，确定了分析条件（温度，相对湿度，风速）对仪器的影响，结果显示快速分析仪测定甲醛气体浓度的相对误差小于10％。研究表明经定期校准的甲醛快速分析仪用于室内甲醛气体污染的检测可获得可靠的结果。     

不同包装方式对大米保鲜效果影响的研究

高温高湿条件下,不同包装方式对大米品质变化的影响进行分析研究,得出大米品质变化的影响规律.在贮藏初始阶段,环境高温是大米失水的诱因;在贮藏期间,包装材料的透湿性使包装内相对湿度上升,大米吸水.通过测定霉菌数量、分析包装袋内挥发性气体成分及浓度、测定大米光透差等,得出竹炭以其优越的吸附气体特性可以有效地调节包装袋内环境相对湿度和氧气含量等,确保贮藏期间大米的品质.