Ⅰ胶原/岩藻聚糖硫酸酯复合支架的制备及性能

以I型胶原、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯为主要原料,采用0.04~0.06M醋酸溶解的Ⅰ胶原、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的水溶液通过共混的方法制备I型胶原、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯混合溶液,经过冷冻干燥制备复合支架材料。用SEM对复合支架进行性能表征,测定了复合支架的结构、吸水率、体外降解性能,还做了复合支架材料的细胞相容性实验,主要是细胞毒性检测,以及与成纤维细胞复合共培养,检测细胞在材料上的生长情况。结果表明:岩藻聚糖硫酸酯-胶原共混支架材料具有一定孔径的网状结构,有良好的生物相容性,细胞能粘附在材料上生长。它作为一种潜在的生物材料可望在生物医学领域得到应用。     

863海洋生物技术青年基金项目研究取得进展

海洋生物技术青年基金课题研究取得可喜进展。这些课题是 :“转基因微藻高密度高表达培养技术研究” ,解决了转ＭＴ基因微藻培养过程中ＭＴ表达量测定的ＥＬＩＳＡ方法 ,进行了转ＭＴ基因集胞藻 680 3和野生藻自培养、混合培养和光合放氧特性研究。“海带硫酸多糖的结构分析及其生理活性的研究”进行了海带硫酸多糖的分级及主要组分的结构解析、抗氧化特性和抗肿瘤作用的研究。完成了岸藻聚糖硫酸酯生产的中试技术 ,利用该项目生产技术 ,山东洁晶集团份有限公司已成功地生产出了 50 0 0公斤的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯产品 ,产值达 350 0万元 ,并全部…     

碳纳米管药物载体的研究进展

综述了近几年碳纳米管作为药物载体的研究进展,尤其是功能化后的碳纳米管,如将其与磁性粒子或者量子点相结合后,则具有特殊的识别功能,可实现靶向性给药和荧光示踪,因而作为一种新型的药物载体成为生物医学领域的研究热点之一,指出随着碳纳米管在药物载体领域研究的日趋深入,碳纳米管的修饰及其多功能性将是以后研究的重点,拓展了其在生物医学领域的应用。     

缓释药物微粒超临界流体制备技术研究进展

复合药物微粒作为新型的药物载体,因具有较好的超细小的粒径、生物相容性及良好的体内分布而受到广泛的关注。复合药物微粒可包载蛋白质、多肽、基因等大分子药物,还可实现缓释、控释、靶向给药等,使药物在病灶处释药,具有减少给药剂量、延长作用时间及降低机体损伤等优点。文章简要介绍利用超临界流体膨胀技术、流化床技术、超临界流体辅助渗透技术、超临界流体反溶剂技术制备药物缓释复合微粒的研究现状及应用前景。     

靶向型药物载体在抗肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

恶性肿瘤是一种严重威胁人类健康的常见病和多发病,是引起死亡的主要原因之一。近年来,抗肿瘤药物的靶向性研究越来越受到人们的重视。发展抗肿瘤药物的新型靶向载体,增加药物靶向性,提高生物利用度,降低毒副作用,是目前备受关注的课题。根据近年来文献,综述了一些新型的抗肿瘤药物载体,包括靶向的脂质体载药系统、纳米粒载药系统、微粒载药系统、胶束载药系统等,并分别总结了其颗粒大小、载药类型、载药模式及治疗效果等,为肿瘤的靶向给药研究提供思路。     

快速响应水凝胶在给药系统中的应用进展

传统智能水凝胶作为药物载体可控制药物的定点、定时、定量释放,具有提高药效、靶向,减少给药频率,增加安全性等优点。但由于存在响应速率慢的缺点而大大限制其应用。因此,近年来围绕提高智能水凝胶给药的响应速率的研究非常活跃,展示了广阔的应用前景。文中综述了快速响应水凝胶的类型、制备原理与给药系统中的应用进展,并指出其缺点及发展方向。     

树状大分子作为药物载体的研究新进展

树状大分子作为药物载体是目前分子药剂学研究的热点.综述了树状大分子作为药物载体发展的几个阶段、载药方式,以及其作为药物裁体在增溶、缓释、靶向等方面的应用,展望了树状大分子作为药物载体的发展趋势.     

智能水凝胶在药物控释系统的应用及研究进展

简述了智能水凝胶在药物控释系统中的应用及国内外研究进展。重点阐述了高分子水凝胶中的pH敏感、温敏、电场敏感、光敏感水凝胶和小分子水凝胶的结构、性质,以及作为释药载体在给药系统中的研究应用。     

多孔微晶玻璃作为药物载体材料的制备及其体外释药研究

应用玻璃结晶法制备了以磷酸钙为主体的多孔微晶玻璃载体材料,并以利福平作为模型药物进行了体外释药试验。研究表明该载体材料能够在高浓度水平下长期维持药物的稳定释放;研究结果还显示调节磷酸钙纤维的几何尺寸可以有效地改变载体材料的空隙率,因此有望成为一种理想的DDS（Drug delivery system)药物控释性释放的新型无机载体材料。     

新型功能材料魔芋葡甘聚糖的研究与应用

介绍了魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)的结构和性能,综述了KGM作为新型功能材料在膜材料、凝胶材料、控制释放材料、固定化栽体以及亲和层析载体等生物材料领域的研究和应用,展望了KGM在生物材料领域的应用前景.     

Biodegradable Microalgae‐Based Carriers for Targeted Delivery and Imaging‐Guided Therapy toward Lung Metastasis of Breast Cancer

High delivery efficiency, prolonged drug release, and low systemic toxicity are effective weapons for drug delivery systems to win the battle against metastatic breast cancer. Herein, it is shown that Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) can be used as natural carriers to construct a drug‐loaded system for targeted delivery and fluorescence imaging‐guided chemotherapy on lung metastasis of breast cancer. The chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded into S. platensis (SP) via only one facile step to fabricate the DOX‐loaded SP (SP@DOX), which exhibits ultrahigh drug loading efficiency and PH‐responsive drug sustained release. The rich chlorophyll endows SP@DOX excellent fluorescence imaging capability for noninvasive tracking and real‐time monitoring in vivo. Moreover, the micrometer‐sized and spiral‐shaped SP carriers enable the as‐prepared SP@DOX to passively target the lungs and result in a significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy on lung metastasis of 4T1 breast cancer. Finally, the undelivered carriers can be biodegraded through renal clearance without notable toxicity. The SP@DOX described here presents a novel biohybrid strategy for targeted drug delivery and effective treatment on cancer metastasis.     

Drug delivery devices based on macroporous silica spheres

A new kind of silica materials was proposed as carriers for drug delivery. The materials are characterized by the presence of hierarchical macro/mesopores, penetrable macropores and large pore volumes. The unique structure renders them ideal carriers for efficient and sufficient loading of drugs to establish controlled delivery systems. A series of such materials were synthesized and derivatized with octyl or octadecyl to investigate their drug delivery behavior. Nimodipine, as a model drug, was entrapped into the carriers by repeated soaking, filtration and evaporation. It is found that the drug-loading amount increased with increasing mesopore sizes of the carriers. The loading amount can reach as high as 350 wt% (drug/carrier). The in vitro release studies demonstrate that both enhanced release and sustained release can be achieved on the proposed materials. Moreover, the release speed can be controlled by the macropore sizes and surface characteristics of the materials.     

High melting lipid based approach for drug delivery: Solid lipid nanoparticles

Poor solubility of newly developed drug molecules is the main problem in recent drug discovery research, so novel drug delivery approaches are being used to deliver these molecular entities for pharmacological action. Colloidal carriers (emulsion, suspensions, liposomes, polymer nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles) have been used to administer poorly soluble drugs, but solid lipid nanoparticles are found to be the most reliable carriers for this type of drugs due to its advantages over other carriers. Solid lipid nanoparticles have the potential to solve the drug delivery problems with safe excipients used in its formulation. In this review all the aspects of solid lipid nanoparticles production, stability, characterization, differentiation based on route, preservation and storage have been discussed.     

酶响应型捏合淀粉药物载体的制备和性能

采用机械捏合的方法制备了不同抗消化性能的捏合淀粉基载体材料。利用扫描电子显微技术(SEM)、X射线衍射技术(XRD)和体外模拟人体消化试验(In-Vitro)对捏合淀粉的颗粒形貌、结晶结构和在人体上消化道中的消化性能进行了考察。发现随着抗消化性能的降低,淀粉颗粒的破损程度越大,淀粉结晶结构结晶形态由B型向V型转变,消化速度增大。同时以胰酶为模型药物,考察了捏合淀粉对药物的体外释放性能。结果显示,不同抗消化性能的捏合淀粉可望作为不同消化道靶向要求的药物载体材料。     

Drug delivery to the brain--realization by novel drug carriers

Delivery of drugs to the brain is still a major challenge. Successful delivery across the bloodbrain barrier has only been achieved in some cases, e.g., using pro-drugs. The review describes the delivery to the brain using nanoparticulate drug carriers in combination with the novel targeting principle of "differential protein adsorption" (PathFinder technology). The PathFinder technology exploits proteins in the blood which adsorb onto the surface of intravenously injected carriers for targeting. Apolipoprotein E is the targeting moiety for the delivery of particles to the endothelials of the blood-brain barrier. To reach therapeutic drug level in the brain, nanoparticulate drug carriers with sufficiently high loading capacity are reviewed, including drug nanocrystals (nanosuspensions), lipid drug conjugate (LDC) nanoparticles and lipid nanoparticles (solid lipid nanoparticles-SLN, nanostructured lipid carriers-NLC). The features are described, including regulatory aspects and large scale production.     

Dendritic and lipid-based carriers for gene/siRNA delivery (a review)

RNA-based therapeutics has emerged as a novel and powerful approach for targeting a broad range of human diseases. Currently, a number of RNA-based drugs are under clinical investigation. The development of such drugs, however, has been slow and encountered multiple challenges. The clinical progress of such therapeutics strongly depends on whether a delivery vehicle efficiently and safely directs the drug into the target cells. Among the variety of non-viral vectors, dendritic carriers are particularly attractive due to their unique molecular architectures, globular shape, and multivalent groups on their surface. Lipid-based vectors were among the earliest strategies used for gene transfection and they are the most studied carriers for siRNA delivery. However, so far only a few of such systems have been studied in vivo. This review focuses on the most widely studied dendritic as well as lipid-based carriers for gene/siRNA delivery.     

Biodegradable nanoparticles for drug delivery and targeting

Throughout the world today, numerous researchers are exploring the potential use of polymeric nanoparticles as carriers for a wide range of drugs for therapeutic applications. Because of their versatility and wide range of properties, biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles are being used as novel drug delivery systems. In particular, this class of carrier holds tremendous promise in the areas of cancer therapy and controlled delivery of vaccines.     

Rapid delivery of drug carriers propelled and navigated by catalytic nanoshuttles

This paper reports the first proof-of-concept of using catalytic nanoshuttles to pick up, transport, and release common drug carriers including biocompatible and biodegradable polymeric particles and liposomes. The rapid transport of a wide size range of drug-loaded particles (100 nm-3.0 μm) with a speed approximately three orders of magnitude faster than that of the particles transported by Brownian motion demonstrates the high propulsion power of the nanoshuttles. The nanoshuttles' navigation ability is illustrated by the transport of the drug carriers through a microchannel from the pick-up to the release microwell. Such ability of nanomotors to rapidly deliver drug-loaded polymeric particles and liposomes to their target destination represents a novel approach towards transporting drug carriers in a target-specific manner. This also potentially addresses the obstacles of current nanoparticle drug delivery, such as off-targeting of particles. While an initial concept of actively transporting therapeutic particles is demonstrated in vitro in this paper, future efforts will focus on practical in vivo motor-based targeted drug delivery in connection to fuel-free nanovehicles.