钢-Al-20Sn复合板的非均匀扩散复合研究

提出了消除钢-Al-20Sn复合板复合界面脆化的非均匀扩散思想,并采用Al-20Sn半固态浆料与钢板进行铸轧复合,实现了非均匀扩散,改变了复合界面结构,消除了复合板复合界面的脆化。研究结果表明,在500℃钢板预热温度、10mm/s铸轧速度条件下,当半固态浆料固相率为34.3%时,复合界面由比例恰当的铁铝化合物和铁铝固溶体交替构成,脆化得以消除,相应的最大界面剪切强度为69.9MPa。     

Study on Steel-Mushy Al-20Sn Alloy Bonding

Steel-mushy Al-20Sn alloy bonding was studied for the first time. The relationship model about preheat temperature of steel plate, solid fraction of Al-20Sn alloy mushy, rolling speed and interfacial shear strength of bonding plate could be established by artificial neural networks perfectly. This model could be optimized with a genetic algorithm. The optimum bonding parameters were: 505℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate, 34.3% for solid fraction of Al-20Sn alloy mushy and 10 mm/s for rolling speed, and the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate was 71.2 MPa.     

Influence of Diffusion Time on Steel—Aluminum Solid to Liquid Bonding Interfacial Structure

The bonding of steel plate to aluminum liquid was conducted using rapid solidification. The influence of diffusion time on interfacial structure was studied. The results showed that under the condition of 750(C) for the temperature of aluminum liquid and 200(C) for the preheat temperature of steel plate, when diffusion time was shorter than 4.3 s, there was only Fe-AI solid solution at the interface. When diffusion time was longer than 4.3 s, Fe-AI compound began to form at the interface. The relationships between diffusion time t and thickness of Fe-AI compound layer H are H=-9.72+2.62t-0.08t2 (4.3 s15 s).     

Study on Mechanical Property in Steel-Aluminum Solid to Liquid Bonding

The bonding of solid steel plate to liquid Al was conducted using rapid solidification.The influence of thickness of FeAl compound layer at the interface on interfacial shear strength of bonding plate was studied.The results show that the relationship between thickness of Fe-Al compound layer and interfacial shear strength is S=30.4 8.51 h-0.51h^2 0.007h^3(where h is thickness of Fe-Al compound layer,S is interfacial shear strength).When thickness of Fe-Al compound layer is 10.7μm,the largest interfacial shear strength is 71.6MPa。     

Semi-solid Pressing Bonding Strength between Steel and Cu-graphite Composite

The pressing bonding of steel plate with QTi3.5-3.5graphite slurry was studied. The relationship among preheating temperature of steel plate, preheating temperature of dies, solid fraction of QTi3.5-3.5graphite slurry, and interfacial shear strength of bonding plate could be established with artificial neural networks perfectly. This model could be optimized with a genetic algorithm. The results show that the optimum bonding parameters are: 618℃ for preheating temperature of steel plate, 526℃ for preheating temperature of dies and 46.2% for solid fraction of QTi3.5-3.5graphite slurry, and the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is 128.3 MPa.     

Influence of Pressing Time on Steel-copper-graphite Bonding

The bonding of steel plate with QTi3.5-3.5 graphite slurry was studied by using pressing bonding technique. The influence of pressing time on the interracial mechanical property of bonding plate was researched. The results show that： under the conditions of 620℃ preheating temperature of steel plate, 530℃ preheating temperature of dies, 46% solid fraction of QTi3.5-3.5 graphite slurry and 50 MPa pressure, there exists a nonlinear relationship between pressing time and interracial shear strength. The interracial shear strength of bonding plate increases with increasing pressing time and reaches a largest value about 127 MPa when pressing time is longer than 120 s. At the interface with the best mechanical property, there exists a continuous Fe-Cu inter-diffusion zone and a metallurgical bonding.     

Influence of Rolling Treatment on Interfacial Shear Strength of Steel-mushy Al-7graphite Bonding Plate

At room temperature, the rolling treatment of steel-mushy Al-7graphite bonding plate was carried out under different relative reduction. The influence of rolling on interfacial mechanical property of this bonding plate was studied. The results show that, for steel-mushy Al-7graphite bonding plate which is made up of 1.2 mm in thickness 08AI steel plate and 2.0 mm in thickness Al-7graphite layer, there is a nonlinear relationship between interfacial shear strength of bonding plate and relative reduction of rolling. When relative reduction of rolling is smaller than 2.59%, with the increasing of relative reduction, interfacial shear strength of bonding plate increases gradually. When relative reduction of rolling is bigger than 2.59%, with the increasing of relative reduction, interfacial shear strength of bonding plate decreases continuously. When relative reduction of rolling is 2.59%, the largest interfacial shear strength 77.0 MPa can be obtained.     

Slurry Preparation and Rolling of Semi-solid 60Si2Mn Spring Steel

The nondendritic semi-solid slurry preparation of 60Si2Mn spring steel has been studied in this paper. The experiments have shown that when stirred for 2 min on the test condition, the semi-solid slurry with 50%～60% fraction solid and spherical primary austenitic grains in the size of 100～300μm can be obtained and is easy to be discharged from the bottom little hole of the stirring chamber. The nondendritic slurry of 60Si2Mn spring steel can be rolled into given plate form successfully, but the solid phase and liquid phase is easy to be separated in rolling process so that the solid primary austenite is concentrated in the center and the liquid is near the edge of the rolled plate. The rupture strength and elongation of the plate rolled only once with semi-solid slurry are lower than that of the traditionally repeated hot-rolled plate of 60Si2Mn spring steel.     

硅对铝铅轴承合金带与热浸铝钢板热轧复合界面强度的影响

将铝铅合金带分别与热浸纯Al、Al-2%Si合金的钢板进行热轧复合。研究了元素硅、热浸时间、金属间化合物层厚度及缺口界面分数对结合强度的影响。结果表明,在复合过程中产生两种不同界面,铝铅合金与热浸铝钢板通过缺口界面和化合物界面而结合。总的结合强度主要取决于缺口界面强度的大小与分数的高低,而且与后者之间呈线性关系。硅对总结合强度的影响体现在:虽然对化合物界面强度的影响较小,但显著提高缺口界面强度,因而使总结合强度明显提高。在给定实验条件下,使热浸纯Al时的缺口界面强度从约为化合物界面强度的4倍提高到热浸Al-2%Si时的近6倍。     

机械合金化制备Ag-Cu-Sn钎料的组织和热稳定性

研究了机械合金化制备Ag-Cu-Sn三元体系形成过饱和固溶体的可能性,并对所得到的非平衡球磨产物的组织结构、热稳定性及其铺展重熔后的金相组织进行了表征。结果表明,通过控制球磨工艺和第三组元含量,可得到以过饱和固溶体为主要组成相的钎料合金粉,减少或细化脆性金属间化合物相。真空退火时,富银固溶体相较稳定,富铜固溶体相易于分解生成Cu_3Sn,银锡化合物可分解形成Ag基固溶体和富锡相,铜锡化合物的分解产物则为多种中间相,随退火温度的升高,转变顺序逐渐向铜锡原子比例增大的方向进行。以过饱和固溶体为主要组成相的钎料合金粉在重熔后虽然仍存在金属间化合物相,但金相组织明显细化。     

铝钢金属间化合物生长及其抑制机理的研究现状

铝钢复合材料兼具钢良好的力学性能和铝的耐腐蚀、高导热性、密度低等特点,可以满足许多特殊使用要求。铝钢界面若生成金属间化合物,会破坏铝钢基体间的冶金结合,严重影响材料的使用性能。因此,抑制铝钢界面金属间化合物的生长是开发铝钢复合材料的关键。对铝钢金属间化合物的生长及其抑制机理进行了较为系统的综述,介绍了铝钢界面常见的金属间化合物生成相的种类、晶体结构,从热力学与动力学角度对金属间化合物的生成机理及形成顺序进行了阐述。此外,对比总结了不同合金元素对铝钢金属间化合物形成的影响规律,着重分析了Si元素对铝钢金属间化合物生长的抑制机理。     

Influence of Solid Fraction on Gravity Segregation of Sn in Al-20Sn Alloy Casting

The influence of solid fraction of Al-20Sn alloy mushy on gravity segregation of Sn in casting was studied and, the relationship between solid fraction and the temperature of alloy mushy and that between solid fraction of alloy mushy and size of Sn particle in ingot were determined. The results show that the relationship between solid fraction and the temperature of alloy mushy was fs=1683-4.86t+0.0035t2. The extent of gravity segregation of Sn in casting reduced gradually with the increasing of solid fraction of alloy mushy. When solid fraction of alloy mushy was arger than 40%, the gravity segregation of Sn in casting could be removed basically, and the relationship between solid fraction of alloy mushy and size of Sn particle in ingot was s=-0.64fs+70.8.     

铝/钢轧制复合有限元二次开发模拟与实验研究

目的 针对铝/钢两种金属性能差异大,轧制复合存在严重的变形不协调及结合强度低的问题,研究轧辊同径与异径及单辊驱动对复合板协调变形及结合强度的影响.方法 通过有限元二次开发进行模拟建模,并结合同步和异步轧制实验分析板翘曲机理.结果 与铝板接触的轧辊作为主驱动辊可使板变形更协调且结合强度更高,变形翘曲度为0.048,结合强度为34.2 MPa.结论 采用接触铝侧轧辊单侧驱动,双金属界面实现复合的位置更靠近轧辊出口,复合后的双金属界面间的剪应力和所受弯矩较小,制备的铝/钢复合板变形协调性更好,且结合强度更高.     

Interfacial structure of steel–aluminum bonding plate under non-equilibrium rapid solidification

A steel–aluminum solid–liquid bonding plate is prepared using a non-equilibrium rapid solidification method (including four kinds of processes such as roughening the steel plate surface, immersing in flux at the steel plate surface, short-time bonding and rapid solidification). The interfacial structure of the bonding plate is investigated by means of electron probe microanalysis and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the interfacial structure of the bonding plate under non-equilibrium rapid solidification is quite different from that of the bonding plate in conventional steel–aluminum solid–liquid bonding, i.e. the interface of the bonding plate under non-equilibrium rapid solidification is made up of an aluminum-rich region (in the form of a group of Fe₄Al₁₃ teeth that grow from the contact surface to the steel side) at the bulge of steel plate surface and an aluminum-poor region (in the form of Fe–Al solid solution of which the Al content is less than 3.5 wt%) at the concave surface of the steel plate alternately.     

Fine structures in Fe3Al alloy layer of a new hot dip aluminized steel

The fine structure in the Fe-Al alloy layer of a new hot dip aluminized steel (HDA) was examined by means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD), electron diffraction technique, etc. The test results indicated that the Fe-Al alloy layer of the new aluminized steel mainly composed of Fe₃Al, FeAl and α-Fe (Al) solid solution. There was no brittle phase containing higher aluminum content, such as FeAl₃ (59.18% Al) and Fe2Al7 (62–93% Al). The tiny cracks and embrittlement, formerly caused by these brittle phases in the conventional aluminum-coated steel, were effectively eliminated. There was no microscopic defect (such as tiny cracks, pores or loose layer) in the coating. This is favourable to resist high temperature oxidation and corrosion of the aluminized steel.     

Interfacial structure of steel–aluminum bonding plate under non–equilibrium rapid solidification

A steel–aluminum solid–liquid bonding plate is prepared using a non–equilibrium rapid solidification method (including four kinds of processes such as roughening the steel plate surface, immersing influx at the steel plate surface, short–time bonding and rapid solidification). The interfacial structure of the bonding plate is investigated by means of electron probe microanalysis and X–ray diffraction. The results show that the interfacial structure of the bondingplate under non–equilibrium rapid solidiication is quite different from that of the bonding plate in conventional steel–aluminum solid–liquid bonding, i.e. the interface of the bonding plate under non-equilibrium rapid solidification ismade up of an aluminum-rich region (in the form of a group of Fe₄Al₁₃ teeth that grow from the contact surface to the steel side) at the bulge of steel plate surface and an aluminum–poor region (in the form of Fe–Al solid solution of which the Al content is less than 3.5 wt%) at the concave surface of the steel plate alternately.     

钢/铝添加粉末激光焊接头界面组织与性能

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理,利用层技术构建钢/铝激光焊接的Fe/Al界面模型,研究金属原子X(X=Sn,Sr,Zr,Ce,La)置换Fe/Al界面模型中Fe(Al)原子的合金形成热及其体系电子结构。结果表明:Sn,Sr,Ce优先置换Fe/Al界面处的Al原子,而La,Zr优先置换Fe/Al界面处的Fe原子,合金化促进Fe/Al界面电子在不同轨道之间的转移,增强Fe-Al的离子键性能,提高Fe/Al界面结合能力,改善Fe/Al界面的脆性断裂,其中Sn的合金化效果最显著。在此基础上,进行1.4mm厚DC51D+ZF镀锌钢和1.2mm厚6016铝合金试件添加Sn,Zr粉的激光搭接焊实验,结果显示:添加粉末可促进焊接熔池的流动性,改变接头界面成分和显微组织,添加Sn粉激光焊钢/铝接头的抗拉强度327.41MPa,伸长率22.93%,较添加Zr粉和未添加粉末有了明显提高。     

爆炸焊接钛钢复合板结合强度超声检测评定

如何用超声的方法对钛钢复合板的结合强度进行分级评定,对钛钢复合板的使用有迫切现实需要。本文采用超声检测一次底波和钛钢界面回波的比值,与剪切强度进行比较研究,并分析了界面波纹和界面金相。实现用A型超声检测的方法对钛钢复合板进行分级评定。经过试验分析,20 lg(B1/S)的数值大于9时,爆炸钛钢复合板的剪切强度大于180 MPa。     

Vacuum hot roll bonding of titanium alloy and stainless steel using nickel interlayer

Abstract

Vacuum hot roll bonding of titanium alloy and stainless steel using a nickel interlayer was investigated. No obvious reaction or diffusion layer occurs at the interface between stainless steel and nickel. The interface between titanium alloy and nickel consists of an occludent layer and diffusion layers, and there are the intermetallic compounds (TiNi₃, TiNi, Ti₂Ni and their mixtures) in the layers. The total thickness of intermetallic layers at the interface between titanium alloy and nickel increases with the bonding temperature, and the tensile strength of roll bonded joints decreases with the bonding temperature. The maximum tensile strength of 440·1 MPa was obtained at the bonding temperature of 760°C, the reduction of 20% and the rolling speed of 38 mm s^–1.     

镁含量和硅对铁-锌铝镁合金固-液扩散偶中Fe-Al反应层的影响

在热浸镀锌中,铁基表面Fe-Al化合物层的形成会影响镀层的生长和质量。将Fe/(Zn-11%Al-3%Mg)和Fe/(Zn-11%Al-x%Mg-0.2%Si)扩散偶在600℃下进行25min的固-液扩散实验,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)研究了镁含量和硅对铁-锌铝镁合金固-液界面Fe-Al合金层形成的影响。结果表明,Fe/(Zn-11%Al-3%Mg)固-液扩散偶反应层由FeAl3和Fe2Al5相层组成;随着Mg含量的增加,Fe/(Zn-11%Al-x%Mg-0.2%Si)扩散偶中反应层的厚度呈现先增加后减少再增加的变化趋势,当镁含量为3%时反应层厚度最薄;Fe/(Zn-11%Al-3%Mg)扩散偶中Fe-Al反应层的平均厚度比Fe/(Zn-11%Al-3%Mg-0.2%Si)扩散偶中反应层的厚度大60μm,证明Si元素起到抑制Fe-Al反应层形成的作用。研究结果为解释Super Dyma合金镀层中不形成明显的Fe-Al抑制层提供了实验依据。