The mathematical formulation for the event sequence diagram framework

The Event Sequence Diagram (ESD) framework allows modeling of dynamic situations of interest to PRA analysts. A qualitative presentation of the framework was given in an earlier article. The mathematical formulation for the components of the ESD framework is described in this article. The formulation was derived from the basic probabilistic dynamics equations. For tackling certain dynamic non-Markovian situations, the probabilistic dynamics framework was extended. The mathematical treatment of dependencies among fault trees in a multi layered ESD framework is also presented.     

Optical properties of porphyrin chromophores assembled in nano-lamellar zirconium phosphate

The supra-molecular assemblies and optical properties of the symmetrical neutral porphyrin chromophore, meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphine, bound to a modified alpha-zirconium phosphate framework have been studied. The interlayer distance of the cetyltrimethylammonium zirconium phosphate framework is 39.6 angstroms. After the addition of meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphine to the framework, the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) patterns show that the interlayer distance of the framework is 30.3 angstroms, demonstrating the formation of novel assemblies. In the framework, organic chromophores are assumed to align in a canted monolayer. The interaction of organic chromophores with the framework causes noticeable red shifts of the Soret absorption band from 416 to 427 nm. In contrast, the luminescence peak is blue shifted from 660 nm in aqueous media to 648 nm when meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphine is bound to the framework. Furthermore, the emission yield of the organic chromophore in the framework is dramatically enhanced compared to that of organic aqueous solutions. The spectroscopic change of meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphine is ascribed to the unique microenvironments of the nano-lamellar framework. The juxtaposition of the porphyrin chromophores in the framework tunes their electronic interactions. In comparison, the organic chromophores also attempted to bind with another modified alpha-zirconium phosphate, n-butylammonium zirconium phosphate. However, the chromophores could not enter into n-butylammonium zirconium phosphate due to its smaller interlayer distance (18.8 angstroms).     

Ex-ante assessment of the safety effects of intelligent transport systems

There is a need to develop a comprehensive framework for the safety assessment of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). This framework should: (1) cover all three dimensions of road safety—exposure, crash risk and consequence, (2) cover, in addition to the engineering effect, also the effects due to behavioural adaptation and (3) be compatible with the other aspects of state of the art road safety theories. A framework based on nine ITS safety mechanisms is proposed and discussed with regard to the requirements set to the framework. In order to illustrate the application of the framework in practice, the paper presents a method based on the framework and the results from applying that method for twelve intelligent vehicle systems in Europe. The framework is also compared to two recent frameworks applied in the safety assessment of intelligent vehicle safety systems.     

轻量级J2EE快速开发框架的设计与实现

基于Web的MVC framework在J2EE的世界内空前繁荣,几乎每隔一两个星期就会有新的MVC框架发布。很多国内软件公司也有一套自己的开发框架,但其中绝大多数是对现有开源框架的整合,少有完全自行设计的框架,本文在借鉴主流开源框架Struts,webwork的基础上,设计并实现了一套轻量级J2EE快速开发框架。     

INTEGRATED SHOP FLOOR CONTROL USING AUTONOMOUS AGENTS

In this paper, we present a generic framework for controlling the work flow in computer controlled manufacturing systems. Based on a market-like model and a combination of objective and price mechanism, the framework allows heterogeneous job objectives, admits job priorities, recognizes multiple resources types, and allows multiple step negotiation between parts and resources. The framework is designed to accommodate frequent changes in the environment such as machine failures, tool shortages, and process requirement variations. An object-oriented simulation system is built to demonstrate the flexibility and effectiveness of die proposed framework. The results show that the proposed framework provides a foundation for highly adaptive, real time shop floor control.     

一种新的基于软交换的业务提供方案

提出了一种新的基于软交换的业务提供框架,该框架可以同时提供对Parlay和传统SCP业务的支持。并在对现有的业务接口进行详细分析和比较的基础上,设计出一种适用于该框架的能力完善,易于升级的X接口。     

Value/impact assessment for the evaluation of risk reduction: Development of a framework

A framework is developed for the evaluation of risk reduction measures using value/impact assessment. The framework includes methods to deal with such issues as uncertainty, economic discounting, and socio-political decisions which might affect the analysis. The framework is applied to the case of a nuclear reactor mitigation system.     

Recognition and Classification of Pomegranate Leaves Diseases by Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques

Disease recognition in plants is one of the essential problems in agricultural image processing. This article focuses on designing a framework that can recognize and classify diseases on pomegranate plants exactly. The framework utilizes image processing techniques such as image acquisition, image resizing, image enhancement, image segmentation, ROI extraction (region of interest), and feature extraction. An image dataset related to pomegranate leaf disease is utilized to implement the framework, divided into a training set and a test set. In the implementation process, techniques such as image enhancement and image segmentation are primarily used for identifying ROI and features. An image classification will then be implemented by combining a supervised learning model with a support vector machine. The proposed framework is developed based on MATLAB with a graphical user interface. According to the experimental results, the proposed framework can achieve 98.39% accuracy for classifying diseased and healthy leaves. Moreover, the framework can achieve an accuracy of 98.07% for classifying diseases on pomegranate leaves.     

Integration of production planning,project management and logistics systems for supply chain management

The objective of this research was to develop an integrated framework to handle application modules in enterprise resource planning (ERP) and supply chain management (SCM) systems that traditionally needs to be interfaced on a case-by-case basis. This paper presents a framework integrating various modules in both systems, for planning, control and execution of materials, resources and operations. The framework enables planning and execution over a range of areas, from flow to project-based manufacturing and distribution from suppliers to customers. This document presents the conceptual framework development along with algorithms for scheduling paths, and illustrated numerical examples in the supply chain environment. The numerical evaluation of scheduling paths and planning of components, in the integrated networks, shows that the developed framework could cater for ERP/SCM application modules. The framework also facilitates simultaneous planning of many components, and eliminates the need for separate modules in ERPSCM systems. It enhances planning, control and execution, and simplifies the vendor follow-up system by integrating supplier components into the integrated network. The framework therefore becomes a new production planning (PP) module in integrated ERP/SCM systems and can provide links to other manufacturing philosophies, such as just-in-time (JIT).     

汽车动力总成悬置骨架的拓扑优化设计

以某商用车动力总成的悬置骨架为分析对象,基于变密度法建立拓扑优化的数学模型及其求解方法;运用有限元软件Hyperworks中的Optistruct模块将拓扑优化方法应用到该商用车动力总成的悬置骨架结构设计中,对单工况下的骨架结构进行优化设计。根据优化的结果并结合生产经验,设计出新悬置骨架的结构。最后用ABAQUS软件对悬置总成进行应力、变形和体积的计算。结果表明,经过优化的悬置骨架安全性能得到提高,重量减轻。     

Robust integral image rectification framework using perspective transformation supported by statistical line segment clustering

In most integral image analysis and processing tasks, accurate knowledge of the internal image structure is required. In this paper we present a robust framework for the accurate rectification of perspectively distorted integral images based on multiple line segment detection. The use of multiple line segments increases the overall fault tolerance of our framework providing strong statistical support for the rectification process. The proposed framework is used for the automatic rectification, metric correction, and rotation of distorted integral images. The performance of our framework is assessed over a number of integral images with varying scene complexity and noise levels.     

An Object-Oriented Modeling Approach in Materials Processing: Case Study of the Acheson and Carburizing Processes

Numerical results can be conveyed effectively to any one using an object-oriented framework. Therefore, it becomes essential to couple the object-oriented approach with numerical analysis. A simple object-oriented methodology for creating a graphical user interface (GUI) as a framework is presented. This work tries to fill a gap between scientific computer code written in a noninteractive way and interactive programming in materials processing. The GUI interface framework has been created in such a way that at any point of time one need not create a new GUI framework. The user only needs to create the process object and attach it to the framework. Two examples have been presented involving interactive finite volume-based gas carburizing and interactive finite difference-based Acheson process (used for the production of silicon carbide).     

A Modeling View of Breakthrough Innovation

Abstract

In this article we present a dynamic modeling framework, which facilitates an evaluation of a breakthrough innovation. One of the powerful aspects of this framework is its robustness. This process helps identify directions that increase the probability for finding possible breakthrough ideas and eventually products. This framework facilitates the initial evaluation of individual projects and also has value in evaluating accepted projects as they progress. Lastly, this framework is instrumental in the critical “go, no-go” decision, which inevitably happens somewhere along the line for most revolutionary products.     

基于SOA的企业应用框架与实现研究

针对如何整合企业应用资源,提出了基于SOA的企业应用集成架构,针对建立的集成架构,对其核心业务层的基础服务进行了设计,包括业务流程引擎、消息可靠性传输和安全管理服务．     

A decision framework for risk management, with application to the offshore oil and gas industry

In this paper we present and discuss a decision framework for risk management. The framework comprises the basic elements: problem definition (challenges, goals and alternatives), stakeholders, concerns that affect the consequence analyses and the value judgments related to these consequences and analyses (frame conditions and constraints), identification of which consequence analyses to execute and the execution of these, managerial review and judgement, and the decision. The framework has novel aspects on the way of classifying the decision situations and characterising risks. The classification is based on the two dimensions, expected consequences, and uncertainties. Our starting point is the offshore oil and gas industry, but our framework and discussion is to a large extent general and could also be applied in other areas. An example is outlined to illustrate the use of the framework.     

Capturing intelligence as a reusable framework for manufacturing decision processes

A reusable framework consisting of hierarchical knowledge representation, preliminary design, iterative modification, four information flow and reasoning paths, and solution validation is conceived as a common substrate for addressing multiple components in manufacturing decision processes. The problems are represented in a state-space framework. An investment is made to design a rich representational scheme and to discriminate the promising solution states by utilizing its many implicit constraints in contrast to investing in heuristics operating on a more simplified representation of the problem. Although isolated segments of the described framework (e.g. hierarchical problem solving, abstraction) have been previously mentioned in knowledge-based problem solving, the framework distinguishes itself by exploring the nature of the interaction of these concepts in actually obtaining end results for manufacturing problems. Although hard to quantify, it is stated that the involved ‘intelligence’ from the manufacturing systems integration standpoint is the amount of reusability in the framework for different components of manufacturing decision processes. The reusability of the framework is illustrated by two such components: (i) integration of design and process planning, and (ii) facilities layout.     

A manufacturing system design framework for computer aided industrial engineering

This paper describes a framework that formalizes within a concurrent engineering approach the key steps in the process of manufacturing systems design. Many of the functions performed by industrial engineers, ergonomists and process planners are included in the framework and may be used iteratively as design detail is progressively added. The paper describes the framework and prototype software, indicates how the framework is evaluated and illustrates how a workplace may be designed. The emphasis of the work is the design of human centred manual assembly systems. The overall objective of the work is to improve the process of manufacturing systems design.     

A Tunable 3D Nanostructured Conductive Gel Framework Electrode for High‐Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

This study develops a tunable 3D nanostructured conductive gel framework as both binder and conductive framework for lithium ion batteries. A 3D nanostructured gel framework with continuous electron pathways can provide hierarchical pores for ion transport and form uniform coatings on each active particle against aggregation. The hybrid gel electrodes based on a polypyrrole gel framework and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as a model system in this study demonstrate the best rate performance, the highest achieved mass ratio of active materials, and the highest achieved specific capacities when considering total electrode mass, compared to current literature. This 3D nanostructured gel‐based framework represents a powerful platform for various electrochemically active materials to enable the next‐generation high‐energy batteries.     

A model-based framework for the analysis of team communication in nuclear power plants

Advanced human-machine interfaces are rapidly changing the interaction between humans and systems, with the level of abstraction of the presented information, the human task characteristics, and the modes of communication all affected. To accommodate the changes in the human/system co-working environment, an extended communication analysis framework is needed that can describe and relate the tasks, verbal exchanges, and information interface. This paper proposes an extended analytic framework, referred to as the H-H-S (human-human-system) communication analysis framework, which can model the changes in team communication that are emerging in these new working environments. The stage-specific decision-making model and analysis tool of the proposed framework make the analysis of team communication easier by providing visual clues. The usefulness of the proposed framework is demonstrated with an in-depth comparison of the characteristics of communication in the conventional and advanced main control rooms of nuclear power plants.