聚乙烯类废塑料制聚乙烯蜡技术发展

废旧塑料的回收利用是近年来治理环境污染的一个重要课题,废聚乙烯（PE）在塑料垃圾中占有很大的比例。如何对其进行合理的回收,利用已成为人们十分关心的问题,从理论和经济两方面分析了废聚乙烯裂解制取聚乙烯蜡技术的可行性,介绍了聚乙烯蜡的性能及市场情况。分析比较了几种有代表性的制蜡工艺。综合评价了这些工艺技术的应用范围和优缺点。还简要介绍了红外脱油技术。并对该技术的研究和应用方向提高了一些建议。     

聚乙烯微粉蜡研究

报告了聚乙烯蜡超细微粉的研究过程 ,经特殊工艺加工 ,可获得粒径在 30 μm以下、多数粒径在 0 .5～ 10 μm的聚乙烯微粉蜡 ,建立了产品检测方法 ,综述了聚乙烯微粉蜡在各行业中的主要应用     

镧系硬脂酸盐及聚乙烯蜡对HDPE流变性能的影响

利用恒速型、恒压型毛细管流变仪分别考察了镧系硬脂酸盐以及硬脂酸镧与聚乙烯蜡(PE-X)混合物对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE5000S)流变性能的影响。试验结果表明,HDPE加入一定份数的镧系硬脂酸盐以及硬脂酸镧和聚乙烯蜡共混后,熔体的表观黏度降低,产生压力振荡时的滑移长度减少以及信号强度明显减弱。其中以硬脂酸镧及聚乙烯蜡复合体系可以较好地改善聚乙烯的加工流变性。     

界面改性对麦秸秆纤维/聚乙烯复合材料性能的影响

以陕西关中地区的麦秸秆纤维（WF）和回收的聚乙烯（rPE）为原料,利用挤出和热压成型的方法制备WF/rPE复合材料,研究了界面相容剂马来酸苷接枝聚乙烯（MAPE）、马来酸苷接枝聚乙烯蜡（MAPE蜡）和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（KH550）及MAPE蜡含量对WF/rPE复合材料的力学性能、吸水性能、热稳定性和界面性能的影响;利用FTIR和SEM分析了改性前后WF化学结构及WF/rPE复合材料拉伸断面形貌。结果表明：添加MAPE蜡的WF/rPE复合材料力学性能最好,当WF和MAPE蜡的添加量分别为40wt%和2wt%时,WF/rPE复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别达到最大值15.0 MPa和23.8 MPa;当MAPE蜡含量高于2wt%时,WF/rPE复合材料力学性能和耐水性能下降。TG结果表明,添加不同界面改性剂对WF/rPE复合材料的热稳定性能无显著影响;FTIR分析发现,硅烷偶联剂KH550可以与WF中的羟基反应;SEM分析表明,添加MAPE蜡的WF/rPE复合材料界面结合比添加MAPE和KH550的WF/rPE复合材料更好。     

聚乙烯蜡的氧化及阳离子乳化工艺

用硬脂酸锌作催化荆,空气氧化法制备氧化聚乙烯蜡.结果表明,在温度160℃～170℃,空气流量为800 L/h,催化荆用量为1.0%～2.0%的条件下氧化聚乙烯蜡6 h,可制得酸值20.0 rag KOH/g～25.0 mg KOH/g蜡的氧化蜡;红外光谱分析表明氧化后蜡分子中引入了羧基、羰基等官能团.对氧化蜡用阳非离子...     

包装废聚乙烯改性沥青路用性能研究

以回收的包装废弃聚乙烯作为改性剂,对普通道路沥青进行改性,并通过沥青混凝土马歇尔试验实验、车辙实验、抗弯强度试验等,对改性后沥青的路用性能进行了研究,结果表明:包装废聚乙烯改性沥青的稳定性、抗弯强度提高、抗车辙能力增强,沥青路用性能得到明显改善.     

聚乙烯蜡微粉在涂料中的性能

在聚乙烯生产过程中，会产生少量的低聚物即低相对分子质量聚乙烯，又称高分子蜡简称聚乙烯蜡。因其优良的耐寒性、耐热性、耐化学性和耐磨性而得到广泛的应用。正常生产中，这部分蜡作为一种添加剂可直接加到聚烯烃加工中，它可以增加产品的光译和加工性能。高分子蜡是炸药良好的钝感剂，     

聚乙烯/废天然橡胶的老化和力学性能研究

通过汞灯辐射试验对制备的聚乙烯/废天然橡胶共混物进行了紫外老化试验,研究了防老剂4010对聚乙烯/废天然橡胶的紫外老化性能的影响。结果表明:老化初期聚乙烯/废天然橡胶(60/40)的拉伸强度提高,老化中后期聚乙烯/废天然橡胶拉伸强度下降。防老剂4010的加入提高了聚乙烯/废天然橡胶的紫外老化性能。     

聚乙烯蜡的丙烯酸接枝改性及乳化工艺

以丙烯酸为单体,叔丁基过氧化氢（TBHP）为引发剂,二甲苯为溶剂,对聚乙烯蜡进行接枝改性。结果表明,当m（引发剂）∶m（聚乙烯蜡）=0.5∶100,m（丙烯酸）∶m（聚乙烯蜡）=15∶100,m（二甲苯）∶m（聚乙烯蜡）=300∶100,反应温度为120℃,反应时间6 h的条件下,可制得酸值为14 mg KOH/g蜡的...     

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维现状的研究

介绍超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的结构特点,性能及加工方法。描述了纤维在各领域的应用,介绍了国内外生产厂家对超高分子量聚乙烯的改性方法和应用。并指出其今后的发展。     

Delamination Controlled Ballistic Resistance of Polyethylene/Polyethylene Composite Materials

We have investigated ballistic response of polyethylene/polyethylene (PE/PE) composites to impact by Uzi bullets. For comparison, limited work was carried out on PE/aramid fiber hybrids and PE fiber/Polycarbonate plate laminates. The plates exhibited an average ballistic resistance, V ₅₀, of approximately 90 m/s per 1 kg/m² area density. In term of the protection level per thickness, the ballistic resistance was 76 m/s per 1 mm. Visual and microscopic examinations identified indentation and delamination as the prevailing failure mechanisms. The delamination, energy calculated on the basis of a simple delamination model considering the fracture surface energy of the matrix, was shown to fully balance the dissipated kinetic energy of the bullet, while the contribution of the fiber fracture process was negligible. This is taken as strong circumstantial evidence for the significant role of this failure process in the ballistic resistance of these composites.     

Heat Capacities of Polyethylene IV. High Molecular Weight Linear Polyethylene

A high molecular weight linear polyethylene sample has been studied by adiabatic calorimetry from 10 to 380 K. Two broad temperature regions of unusual spontaneous temperature drift have been observed. The phenomena occurring around 240 K are similar to that observed in other polyethylene samples studied in this series, and are presumed to be caused by the relaxational processes in the amorphous phase. The weak exothermic behavior occurring around 160 K is presumed to be caused by the stabilization of the quenched sample.     

氯磺化聚乙烯的降解动力学

通过热重分析仪研究了不同氯硫含量的氯磺化聚乙烯(CSM)在不同升温速率下的热分解行为。采用Ozawa及Kissinger方程研究了氯磺化聚乙烯的降解动力学,研究发现CSM的热降解过程包括两个主要失重平台,而且氯磺化聚乙烯的热分解反应不是一级反应。Ozawa方程计算的活化能随着产物中氯硫含量的增加从304.661kJ/mol下降到292.573kJ/mol。Kissinger方程计算的活化能分别为282.785kJ/mol和274.176kJ/mol。ln(β/Tm2)对1/Tm作图得一直线,证明氯磺化聚乙烯的热分解符合无规分解模型。     

Model Experiments with Polyethylene Okides

A cell, producing measurable currents, is used as a model in further studies on the inhibitory action of polyethylene oxides (PEO) on development by hydroquinone (Hq). The cell reaction is found to be inhibited when PEO is in contact with the anode (silver), but not when in contact with the cathode (silver bromide). There is in general a parallel between the behaviour of substances in the cell and in a photographic emulsion test. Polymers and substituted hydroquinones which do not show the PEO-Hq effect with emulsion are inactive in the cell. The resistance of some Hq derivatives to PEO inhibition may be associated with their demonstrated adsorption to silver, but an exception suggests an alternative, that they may have more active semiquinones. The results of the cell experiments are believed to be applicable to the case of photographic development. The hypothesis that PEO inhibits Hq development by interfering with the adsorption of developing agent (semiquinone) at latent image specks thus receives some support.     

Copper Nanoparticles in a Polyethylene Matrix

The composition and structure of Cu-containing nanoparticles stabilized in a polyethylene matrix were studied. The nearest neighbor environment of Cu in the 15-nm particles is similar to that in metallic Cu. In contrast to Fe nanoparticles, the Cu nanoparticles embedded in polyethylene do not oxidize during storage in air.     

An Integrally Coloured Polyethylene Oxide Surfactant

The synthesis of 0 polyethylene oxide surfactant having an integrally joined aza dyestuff is described. The method has general application. The new dye-polymer (IV) will be useful for adsorptiostudies with silver halides.     

聚乙二醇的等温结晶动力学

用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了聚乙二醇(PEG)的等温结晶动力学。结果表明,在较高温度下处理PEG后,等温结晶过程中,Avrami指数n≈4,表明PEG以均相成核的三维球晶方式生长,同时计算得到结晶活化能为72.013 kJ/mol;而在较低温度处理PEG后,等温结晶过程中,Avrami指数n≈3,表明PEG以异相成核的三维球晶方式生长,结晶活化能为234.791 kJ/mol,比较高温处理后的结晶活化能高,说明PEG的结晶能力随热处理温度的降低而降低。     

有机玻璃疲劳裂纹扩展

文中采用CT(Compact Tension)试样对MDYB-3有机玻璃在-50℃～90℃范围内进行了裂纹扩展试验研究.基于金属裂纹扩展公式,结合有机玻璃疲劳裂纹扩展特性,得到了描述有机玻璃裂纹扩展行为的公式.将其与有机玻璃在不同温度下的试验结果对比,发现得到的公式能够较完整地描述有机玻璃疲劳裂纹在各个阶段的扩展行为.