羰基铁粉-铁氧化物复合微粒的制备及性质研究

用微乳液法制备了明胶包裹的羰基铁粉-铁氧化物复合超细微粒．SEM测试表明：微粒为明胶包裹球形超细微粒．微球的粒径为3～10μm。该复合微粒的比饱和磁化强度σs=130.9Am^2/Kg，矫顽力Hc=5216．98A/m，剩磁r=4．98Am^2/kg，具有接近软磁体的性质．在剪切应力测试中，外场为0.5T时，剪切应力达到70kPa。将其用于制备磁流变液，在较低的磁场强度下有较大的磁流变效应，沉降稳定性好于用纯羰基铁粉制成的磁流变液．     

Fe3O4/聚苯乙烯中空微球磁性复合微粒的制备及其磁流变性能的研究

用共沉淀法在聚苯乙烯（PS）中空微球表面包覆Fe3O4，制备了Fe3O4/Ps中空微球磁性复合微粒，当磁性包覆层的厚度为30～50nm时，复合微粒的室温表现密度为1．5g/cm^3，为传统磁流变液（MRF）中所用铁粉等软磁性颗粒密度（约7．9g/cm^3）的1/5，更为接近MRF中载液的密度。复合颗粒的磁滞回线比较狭长，呈软磁性，其磁性能和Fe3O4纳米颗粒相差不大。与Fe3O4颗粒相比，Fe3O4/PS中空磁性复合微粒在水载液中的沉降稳定性大大提高，复合微粒含量越高，其沉降稳定性越好。在磁性微粒含量相同的条件下，基于Fe3O4/PS中空磁性复合微粒的MRF的磁流变性能明显优于基于Fe3O4纳米微粒的MRF。     

降解壳聚糖/明胶复合微球的制备及其对活性染料吸附性能研究

以降解壳聚糖、明胶为原料,戊二醛等试剂为交联剂,采用反相悬浮交联法制备出一系列具有高效吸附解吸功能的球形复合吸附材料降解壳聚糖/明胶复合微球,通过扫描电子显微镜,研究了原料种类以及搅拌速度对微球粒径与形貌的影响,将其用于活性染料印染废水处理中,研究了吸附温度、吸附时间、降解壳聚糖的用量及吸附液pH的大小对活性染料吸附性能的影响。结果表明:制得的降解壳聚糖/明胶复合微球的球粒径小,形态圆整,在温度为30℃、吸附时间为40min、溶液pH=4、微球制备时降解壳聚糖用量为0.4g、降解壳聚糖∶明胶质量配合比为1∶1条件下,降解壳聚糖/明胶复合微球球对活性黑WM的吸附容量达到137.25mg/g,并具有较好的循环使用价值。     

超小型Fe3O4/Au纳米复合微粒的制备与表征

用反向微乳液法成功制备了超小型Fe3O4/Au磁性纳米复合微粒,并利用3-巯基丙酸将复合微粒直接从微乳液分离到有机溶剂中.用UV-Vis、VSM和TEM对产物进行了鉴定与表征,结果表明复合微粒分散良好,平均粒径为6.7nm,饱和磁化强度为9.7A·m2/kg.     

复合CaCO3法制备医用多孔明胶微球

采用W/O型乳化-固化法制备了明胶CaCO3复合微球,将此复合微球用盐酸处理除去表面CaCO3,得到多孔的明胶微球.以差示扫描量热法、热重分析、红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜等方法对复合微球和多孔明胶微球的物理性质进行了表征,同时探讨了多孔明胶微球的合成机理.结果表明,两种微球中均含有CaCO3;扫描电镜显示,微球表面呈多孔结构,粒径在20～40μm之间.     

磁性明胶载药微球的制备及体外释药研究

以诺氟沙星为水溶性模型药物,采用反相悬液冷冻凝聚法制得包裹Fe3O4微粒和药物的磁性明胶微球,考察了磁性载药微球的制备条件对微球的成球率、药物包裹率、体外释药及微球降解情况的影响.结果表明,明胶的浓度、戊二醛的用量、固化时间等均对微球的结构和性能产生影响,经优化条件得到了成球率、药物包裹率、体外释放都较好的载药微球.     

二氧化硅/MeFe_2O_4中空复合微球的制备、结构及其磁性能

采用磺酸基团官能化中空二氧化硅微球为模板,通过化学共沉淀法,将尖晶石铁氧体(MeFe2O4)包覆在中空二氧化硅微球表面,制备出二氧化硅/MeFe2O4中空复合微球。利用TEM、XRD和样品振动磁强计对中空复合微球的形貌、结构和磁性能进行表征。实验结果表明,通过调节三价铁盐与二价金属离子之间的比例可以将尖晶石铁氧体的粒径范围控制在15nm以下。所制备的复合中空微球具有优良的软磁性。当金属离子总浓度为0.10mol/L时,复合微球的饱和磁化强度可达9.75Am2/kg。     

微乳液法制备超细Ni-Fe复合物微粒

应用Ｗ／Ｏ型微乳液法制备了纳米量级超细铁－镍复合物微粒．Ｘ射线和透射、扫描电镜测试表明：它属于表面活性剂包裹型超细微粒．粒径＜３０ｎｍ,密度２．８９ｇ／ｃｍ^３的Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ微粒,比饱和磁化强度σ_ｓ＝１３～１６Ａｍ２／ｋｇ,娇顽力 Ｈ_ｃ＝８７～１２３ Ｏｅ,剩磁 Ｂ_ｒ＝２．２５～３．００Ａｍ２／ｋｇ,矫顽力较大,剩磁也较大,说明该超细复合微粒具有硬磁体的性质．Ｘ射线能谱分析表明,有部分Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ合金相形成．     

聚苯乙烯/聚吡咯Yolk-Shell结构微粒的制备

Yolk-Shell中空微球由于其独特的结构,在催化剂、电池、生物医药等领域具有潜在应用,引起了高分子材料微球领域专家的研究兴趣。采用界面化学氧化聚合法制备了具有Yolk-Shell结构的聚苯乙烯/聚吡咯微粒。首先以惰性溶剂对二甲苯(PX)溶胀聚苯乙烯种子微球,然后通过界面化学氧化聚合在其表面包覆一层聚吡咯,形成具有核壳结构的复合微粒。随着PX的挥发,微粒的内核与外壳逐渐产生分离,从而在其内部形成连续的空腔。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重分析仪(TGA)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)等对微粒的形貌、热性能及结构组成进行了表征分析,探究了吡咯聚合条件、吡咯用量、PX用量以及种子微球粒径等因素对微粒形貌的影响。结果表明,室温条件下进行吡咯的聚合可制备出Yolk-Shell中空微球;随着吡咯用量的减少,微粒的分散性明显改善;随着PX用量的增加,复合微粒空腔变大;相对于CPS微球,以非交联PS微球为种子制备得到的复合微粒空腔更大,且粒径越大,空腔结构越明显。     

超临界流体技术制备聚合物超细微粒

以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为模型材料,利用近两年提出的超临界流体膨胀减压过程,成功制备出了粒径在5μm以下的超细微粒,系统分析了混合器压力和温度、溶液浓度及进液速率对微粒形态、粒径及其分布的影响。结果表明,混合器压力、溶液浓度和进液速率均对微粒粒径及其分布有明显的影响,而混合器温度的影响较小。较理想的操作条件为混合器压力为10MPa、温度为60℃、溶液浓度为10mg/mL、进液速度为3mL/min。     

NiCo/ PTFE 复合膜的制备及表征

以N₂H₄ 为还原剂, 采用化学镀和模板技术相结合的方法制备出NiCo/ PTFE 磁性复合膜。研究了磁性复合膜制备的适宜条件, 利用DSC、SEM、XRD、VSM 等手段对膜的结构和磁性能进行表征和测试。结果表明:在Co2+ 0. 14 mol/ L 、Ni2+ 0. 06 mol/ L 、NaOH 1. 00 mol/ L 、N₂H₄ 0. 40 mol/ L 、反应温度70 ℃、反应时间70 min条件下制备的NiCo/ PTFE 磁性复合膜具有较优良的磁性能, 其单位质量磁化率χ_m = 0116 cm3 / g , 饱和磁化强度M_s = 83. 38 Am2 / kg , 剩磁M_r = 29. 31 Am2 / kg , 矫顽力H_c = 111. 47 Oe ; PTFE 膜孔中及膜表面上原位生成与基膜无化学键作用的磁性Ni 、Co 金属粒子。复合膜具有软磁材料的内禀性能。      

Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Soft Magnetic Composites with Silicate Glass Insulation Layers

In this study, a new soft magnetic composite (SMC) material design scheme was put forward. According to this design scheme, SMC with silicate glass insulation layers was prepared by powder metallurgy with nanometer glass powder and micron iron powder. It can be annealed at high temperature for reducing residual stress. The magnetic properties were good. The maximum permeability, saturation magnetic induction, residual magnetic flux density and coercivity were 467, 1.47 T, 1.25 T and 394 A/m, respectively. The core loss versus alternating magnetic field frequency showed linear growth. The core loss was 4.4 W/kg at an induction level of 1 T, 50 Hz.     

热处理工艺对尖晶石型Ni0.5Zn0.45Co0.05Fe2O4静磁性能的影响

利用溶胶凝胶法制备了尖晶石型 Ni0.5Zn0.45Co0.05Fe2O4 纳米颗粒,设置了3种热处理工艺,发现随着热处理温度的提高,热处理时间的延长,颗粒长大,静磁性能提高。当热处理温度为800℃,保温8h,材料具有比较好的静磁性能（Ms=30.241Oe,Hc=73.261 emg/g,μi=0.210）。另外,将前驱体在磁场条件下热处理,得到颗粒尺寸比同种热处理工艺未加磁场条件下的大,并且静磁性能有了比较大的提高,其比饱和磁化强度甚至比在更高热处理温度,更长热处理时间下制备的NiZnCo铁氧体大。     

Magnetic properties of magnetically soft nanocomposite Co-SiO2 prepared via mechanical milling

Nanocomposite of Co-SiO2, a soft magnetic material, with Co weight fraction x = 0.3 and 0.7 was prepared via mechanical milling. The magnetic properties of these samples, both zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC), have been measured as a function of x, milling time, and temperature. The structural assessment of the composite indicates a presence of only ferromagnetic (FM) hcp-Co phase in the composite. However, reported magnetic properties of these composites appear to be dependent on the presence of antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases of cobalt oxide as well. The observed enhancement in ZFC coercivity and a reduction in saturation magnetization with the milling time are due to an increase in defect density upon milling. The ZFC coercivity for the x = 0.3 samples has been found to be much higher than the x = 0.7 samples for all milling times. The coercivity above 50 K depends on temperature according to the law corresponding to isotropic uniaxial superparamagnetic particles. Below 50 K the presence of an AFM phase Co3O4 (TN approximately 33 K) and increased interparticle interactions bring in a departure from that law. The saturation magnetization is found to be temperature dependent for the x = 0.3 samples and temperature independent for the x = 0.7 samples, which further provides evidence of the presence of higher AFM phase fraction in the composite with a low metal volume fraction. The FC magnetic measurements show a presence of an exchange bias field and an enhanced coercivity which are higher than the ZFC measurements. All magnetic measurements indicate that the overall magnetic properties of the composite are dictated by the presence of a trace amount of cobalt oxides.     

Microstructure and properties of Ni-Zn ferrites sintered from slipcast colloidally precipitated particles

The microstructural dependence of magnetic permeability and magnetic loss of Ni-Zn ferrites sintered from split-cast colloidally precipitated ultrafine particles was investigated. A low-loss Ni-Zn ferrite (tan δ/μ₀=4.92×10^-5 at 1 MHz) having nearly maximum attainable density, fairly uniform and small grain size, and no significant zinc loss was prepared by sintering at 1100°C. There was considerable discrepancy in the permeability-grain size relationship between ferrites sintered at ⩽1100°C and at >1100°C. The zinc loss and intragranular pores in 1100°C sintered ferrites may explain this discrepancy     

One-dimensional SrFe12O19/Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 composite ferrite nanofibers and enhancement magnetic property

SrFe12O19/Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 composite ferrite nanofibers of diameters about 100 nm with mass ratio 1:1 have been prepared by the electrospinning and calcination process. The SrFe12O19/Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 composite ferrites are formed after calcined at 700 degrees C for 2 hours. The composite ferrite nanofibers are fabricated from nanosized Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 and SrFe12O19 ferrite grains with a uniform phase distribution. The ferrite grain size increases from about 11 to 36 nm for Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe12O4 and 24 to 56 nm for SrFe12O19 with the calcination temperature increasing from 700 to 1100 degrees C. With the ferrite grain size increasing, the coercivity (Hc) and remanence (Mr) for the SrFe12O19/Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 composite ferrite nanofibers initially increase, reaching a maximum value of 118.4 kA/m and 31.5 Am2/kg at the grain size about 40 nm (SrFe12O19) and 24 nm (Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4) respectively, and then show a reduction tendency with a further increase of the ferrite grain size. The specific saturation magnetization (Msh) of 63.2 Am2/kg for the SrFe12O19/Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 composite ferrite nanofibers obtained at 900 degrees C for 2 hours locates between that for the single SrFe12O19 ferrite (48.5 Am2/kg) and the single Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 ferrite (69.3 Am2/kg). In particular, the Mr value 31.5 Am2/kg for the SrFe12O19/Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 composite ferrite nanofibers is much higher than that for the individual SrFe12O19 (25.9 Am2/kg) and Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe2O4 ferrite (11.2 Am2/kg). These enhanced magnetic properties for the composite ferrite nanofibers can be attributed to the exchange-coupling interaction in the composite.     

TiO2／SnO2超微粒及其复合LB膜的紫外—可见光吸收光谱的研究

用胶体化学方法制备ＴｉＯ２／ＳｎＯ２超微粒,ＴｉＯ２／ＳｎＯ２超微粒及其复合ＬＢ膜的紫外－可见光吸收光谱研究表明：ＴｉＯ２／ＳｎＯ２超微粒具有量子尺寸效应使吸收光谱发生“蓝移”;ＴｉＯ２／ＳｎＯ２超微粒／硬脂酸复合ＬＢ膜具有良好的抗紫外性能和光学透过性能。     

电气石颗粒/聚苯硫醚针刺毡复合过滤材料的过滤性能

为提高工业用过滤材料对细颗粒物的捕集效率,以袋式除尘用聚苯硫醚（PPS）针刺毡为基材,聚氨酯热熔胶膜为黏合层,通过溶液沉淀法将具有自发极化特性的电气石（TM）颗粒覆于基材表面,经热压处理制备了含不同纯度、不同含量、不同颗粒粒度的TM颗粒/PPS针刺毡复合过滤材料;利用SEM研究了TM对微细粒子的吸附情况,利用滤料性能测试装置研究了TM颗粒/PPS针刺毡的过滤性能,结果表明：附着TM颗粒后,TM颗粒/PPS针刺毡对亚微米粉尘过滤效率明显提高,TM纯度越高效果越好,纯度为87.16%时,滤料对0.3~1 μm粒子过滤效率提高幅度≥13.35%;最优附着浓度为5 mg·cm^-2时,用于综合评价滤料过滤效率与阻力的滤料品质因数Q_F值最高;TM颗粒粒径越小,过滤效率提升效果越明显,TM颗粒粒径18~38 μm时,对0.3~1 μm粒子过滤效率提高幅度≥7.25%。TM颗粒/PPS针刺毡复合滤料较传统针刺毡滤料过滤性能明显增强。     

The magnetic properties of ultrafine particles of Ni(OH)2

Ultrafine particles of Ni(OH)₂ were prepared by precipitation from aqueous solution. The susceptibility of the ultrafine particles shows a distinctive maximum at temperature which is rather lower than T_N of the large particles. Using the c-axis oriented ultrafine particles prepared by the sedimentation method, the magnetic susceptibility and the magnetization curve perpendicular and parallel to the c-axis of the ultrafine particles were measured. The magnetization curve showed a small hysteresis in low field and a remanent magnetization which increased with decrease of the particle size. Two-step jump was observed in the magnetization curve of the ultrafine particles when the external field was applied along the c-axis. The magnetic properties characteristic of the Ni(OH)₂ ultrafine particles are discussed.