雷达高功率铰链装配工艺规划系统的开发

面向并行工程的需求,提出并设计了雷达高功率铰链三维装配工艺规划系统（HPH-CAAP）。系统利用微软的Microsoft Visual C＋＋6.0作为开发语言,UG/OPEN API作为开发工具,用来验证和改进产品可装配性的仿真系统。阐述了HPH-CAAP的体系结构以及虚拟装配模型的定义、交互式装配工艺规划、装配仿真、干涉检验和模型的参数化重构关键技术模块。研究了HPH-CAAP各模块的实现全流程。最后给出了系统的应用实例。     

虚拟环境中的产品装配技术

 利用虚拟环境作为人机界面来协助用户完成产品的装配活动是一个新的研究方向。本文主要介绍了在虚拟环境中进行产品装配所采用的一些技术,并着重讨论了虚拟装配的关键内容－虚拟装配规划系统的结构、功能、优点和存在问题。最后还了一个典型系统＝虚拟装配设计环境ＶＡＤＥ的体系结构和主要特点。     

机械系统装配工艺规划相关问题分析

目前数字化装配技术成为研究熟点问题,本文分析了机械系统装配工艺规划相关问题,在分析装配工艺规划的三种工艺方法基础上,对于装配序列规划和装配路径规划进行详细分析,为满足数字化装配技术发展起到积极作用。     

基于自动拆卸过程的装配序列生成方法研究

装配序列生成是装配工艺规划的基本任务,设计了一个基于自动拆卸过程的装配序列生成算法。首先,进行自动拆卸仿真,通过过程中的干涉检查生成可行的装配序列集。然后,定义了三类装配序列优先约束规则,对可行序列集进行过滤选择,得到可用于最终评价的少量装配序列。该算法在SolidWorks平台上得到了实现,给出了实例验证。     

基于VRML模型的协同装配工艺规划仿真方法

在研究了虚拟现实建模语言(VRML)模型特点以及协同装配工艺规划过程的基础上,将以VRML三维模型为设计信息载体的协同装配工艺规划仿真分为无约束的规划仿真和基于约束的规划仿真,并提出了相应的实现方法.所提方法使网络化的同步协同装配规划操作成为可能,通过实时交流,使产品装配工艺规划能够在集合多方设计经验的基础上方便快捷地实现.应用实例的应用结果表明,所提方法可快速发现设计缺陷并显著地缩短产品工艺规划周期.     

拆卸序列规划中子装配体的识别与生成

子装配体识别是解决大规模拆卸序列规划"组合爆炸"问题的有效方法之一.为了准确有效地识别与生成子装配体,在装配体零部件间接触关系、联接关系和向位妨碍关系及其相应图模型、矩阵的基础上,提出了一种基于图模型和判断矩阵的拆卸序列规划子装配体的识别算法.该算法利用图模型对子装配体集合做加法,利用判断矩阵对子装配体集合做减法,首先依据子装配体识别准则对图模型检索生成潜在子装配体集合,然后依据矩阵判断公式从集合中排除不符合连续性原则、稳定性原则和可行性原则的子装配体,并筛选理想个数的符合重量标准、同质标准和价值标准的最终子装配体集合.以减速器实例验证方法的可行性和有效性.     

模具曲面机器人智能抛光系统的研究

介绍了一个初步实现的模具曲面机器人智能抛光系统的构成,分析了模具机器人抛光的特性,重点对实现机器人具智能抛光系统的若干问题诸如工艺过程建模、工艺知识的获取与表达、工艺知识库与数据库建立、智能工艺规划系统的构造以及抛光刀具轨迹自动生成等进行了研究。     

一种用于机器人高层规划的专家系统

介绍了一种新颖的基于知识的机器人高层规划系统－机器人规划专家系统，讨论了该系统的结构和子规划系统，分析了规划性能。规划结果表明，该系统具有较强的规划能力，较快的规划速度，较大的灵活性、适应性和可扩展性。     

基于VRML-JAVA的减速器虚拟拆装系统的实现

针对VRML语言自身交互的局限性,通过外部编程接口EAI及内嵌脚本节点编程来实现VRML的实时交互性,并以此实现了二级圆柱齿轮减速器虚拟拆装系统。该系统通过外部编程语言控制,可与装配体对象进行实时交互操作,如自动拆装、手动拆装、零件查看等。系统通过EAI把虚拟场景和功能控制模块嵌入同一个HTML页面,使人机交互界面更友好,实时交互性更强。     

航弹控制舱装配工艺路线设计专家系统的研究

按照技术人员装配经验进行的产品装配工艺路线设计,不利于知识传播,对装配效率有不良影响.为此,提出一种以专家系统和装配经验为基础的装配工艺路线生成方法.以航弹控制舱为例,对航弹控制舱装配工艺知识库及装配工艺推理机制进行研究.运用UG二次开发技术、C++软件编程技术等开发一种人机交互的装配工艺路线选择与优化系统.该系统自动完成装配工艺路线设计,为航弹控制舱装配提供依据.     

Integrated assembly and disassembly sequence planning using a GA approach

In a product life cycle, an assembly sequence is required to produce a new product at the start, whereas a disassembly sequence is needed at the end. In typical assembly and disassembly sequence planning approaches, the two are performed as two independent tasks. In this way, a good assembly sequence may contradict the cost considerations in the disassembly sequence, and vice versa. In this research, an integrated assembly and disassembly sequence planning model is presented. First, an assembly precedence graph (APG) and a disassembly precedence graph (DPG) are modelled. The two graphs are transformed into an assembly precedence matrix (APM) and a disassembly precedence matrix (DPM). Second, a two-loop genetic algorithm (GA) method is applied to generate and evaluate the solutions. The outer loop of the GA method performs assembly sequence planning. In the inner loop, the reverse order of the assembly sequence solution is used as the initial solution for disassembly sequence planning. A cost objective by integrating the assembly costs and disassembly costs is formulated as the fitness function. The test results show that the developed method using the GA approach is suitable and efficient for the integrated assembly and disassembly sequence planning. Example products are demonstrated and discussed.     

基于UG OPEN的3D-CAAP装配模块的设计与实现

设计了基于UG的三维装配工艺规划与管理系统（3D-CAAP）的构架，着重研究了运用MFC实现CAAP与UG的集成开发，可视化装配工艺规划环境设置、装配顺序、路径规划与编辑、工艺数据的数据库存储与动态连接库调用等关键技术，介绍了实现一种较实用的3D-CAAP系统的解决方案，实现了可视化装配规划、实时纪录装配顺序、装配知识查找、装配顺序、路径编辑修改、装配工艺文件管理的系统整合。     

A Petri Net based approach to determine the disassembly strategy of a product

In order to protect the environment and regain value added to products, a process known as disassembly has come into the limelight. This process is to be applied to reuse abandoned goods and materials. Manufacturers are being forced to establish disassembly plants and to develop their products' designs so as to maintain the government's dictate to dispose off their products in an environmentally responsible manner. This research presents a cost-based heuristic analysis for a circuit board assembly. Various components of the product and their assembly relationships are represented by a Petri Net diagram. Firing the transitions of the disassembly Petri Net is integrated with cost-based indices to develop an effective disassembly strategy. The methodology discussed here simplifies the decisionmaking process involved in disassembly planning. A comprehensive disassembly process planning system is proposed here and is exemplified by a case study of circuit board assembly.     

基于模块化设计的混合图拆卸建模研究

拆卸建模是拆卸序列规划的基础,也是绿色设计的关键。在传统的拆卸序列规划过程中,随着产品零件数目的增加会造成“组合爆炸”问题。为解决该问题,提出了一种基于模块化设计思想的拆卸建模方法。首先,运用图论中有向图和无向图的概念分别表示零、部件之间的约束关系,并将有向图和无向图结合成混合图,建立产品混合图拆卸模型;其次,利用模块化设计中的模块划分原则生成子装配体,通过将模块化设计方法整合入混合图模型中,得到模块化设计的混合图拆卸模型,利用该模型可以有效地解决图论模型中边与顶点产生“组合爆炸”的问题;最后,以模块化设计的计算机主机箱的混合图拆卸建模为例来验证所提出的方法。     

Assembly/disassembly task planning and simulation using expert Petri nets

Automatic assembly/disassembly planning is recognized as an important tool for reducing the manufacturing costs in concurrent product and process development. This paper developed a knowledge-based expert Petri net model by incorporating expert system techniques in artificial intelligence into ordinary Petri nets for an analytical framework of understanding, representing and reasoning the assembly/disassembly tasks. Substantial extensions have been made to ordinary Petri nets by adding control places, time constraints, and place and transition knowledge annotations. The proposed expert Petri net model can be considered as the hybrid of expert systems and ordinary Petri nets. Through these extensions, the capacities of modelling and representation of ordinary Petri net models are largely enhanced, and thus the expert Petri net models are more powerful than ordinary Petri nets. Such intelligent Petri net models can combine the abilities of modelling, planning, and performance evaluation for assembly/disassembly tasks in an integrated and intuitive way, and can therefore be applied to either linear/non-linear, static/dynamic, or on-line/off-line assembly/disassembly tasks at both high and low levels. The developed assembly/disassembly planning system can generate the best strategies and plans for assembly/disassembly. The research findings are exemplified with a real assembly to show the effectiveness of the method.     

Expert Enhanced Coloured Stochastic Petri Net and its application in assembly/disassembly

This article comprises of an Expert Enhanced Coloured Stochastic Petri Net (rule base system, or RBS) for modelling and analysing assembly/disassembly systems. RBSs are an Enhanced High-level Petri net extended with Close-World-Assumption (CWA). Traditional Petri nets can be used to model RBSs containing explicitly described knowledge. The main focus was is to facilitate and analyse the process planning activities of assembly/disassembly. The advantages of the new modelling approach were: (1) consideration of the non-desirable events, (2) occurrence of assembly/disassembly tasks with regard to colour of the tokens and utilization of probability concept to determine feasible steps, (3) establishing a relationship among components by means of arc labels, and (4) deeper insight into the assembly/disassembly process using high- and low-level petri nets.     

装配工序时间优化模型与算法研究

给出装配时间如何分配给各工序的问题描述,针对该问题提出了三种建模方式,并针对不同的建模方式探导了相关算法.将物料需求计划分解、车间作业调度问题求解和网络计划三者从解决实际问题的角度联系起来,为求解装配工序时间优化问题提供了可以借鉴的思路.     

含有柔性电缆的复杂系统装配仿真

将装配单元划分为“刚性组件”和“柔性电缆”,从装配对象建模、装配工艺规划和装配过程模拟三个方面对复杂系统的装配仿真方法进行系统的研究。首先,根据刚性组件和柔性电缆的不同特点,给出相应的建模方法,即针对刚性组件的CAD三维建模方法和针对柔性电缆的虚拟布线方法;然后,将装配过程视为拆卸过程的逆过程,提出含有柔性电缆的复杂系统的装配工艺规划方法,其中考虑了电缆形变过程及相应的模拟方法;最后,以装配工艺为基础对仿真对象进行装配仿真。实例表明,所提出的方法可以用于含有柔性电缆的复杂系统装配仿真。     

Sustainability through disassembly modeling, planning, and leveling: a case study

The increasing environmental and economic pressures have contributed to the practice of recycling and remanufacturing. Product disassembly is a vital strategy of industrial recycling and remanufacturing which retrieves the desired parts and/or subassemblies by separating a product into its constituents. In this context, decision for disassembly gains importance. Disassembly modeling and planning is a critical activity rather than assembly, because the terminal goal is not vitally fixed, but depends on the product usage and market demands for used parts and recycled materials. Disassembly involves more uncertainties in system structures and components rather than in assembly. This article applies the recent methods for modeling and process planning the disassembly to an industrial product, i.e., rotary switch. The disassembly approach has been practically validated in industrial scenario.     

A linear model for production management—optimal solving policies

A linear model for production management considering generic data on stocks, manufacturing processes, resource capacities and costs is presented. Any type of continuous or discrete production process also including assembly and disassembly tasks is taken into account. The model inversion issue is analysed and relevant joint production/inventory management policies are solved by optimising linear and quadratic programs under resource and stock capacity constraints. Beyond the single-period inversion issue that is the focus of the paper, the model is tailored to support multi-period and multi-level planning approaches, the development of which is the subject of separate publications.