激光重熔改性铝合金微弧氧化膜层的组织与性能

为了改善微弧氧化(MAO)膜层多孔疏松的组织和性能, 对其进行了激光重熔处理, 并制备了两种实验膜层: (1)选择双向电流脉冲和Na₂SiO₃-KOH体系的工作液, 在6082铝合金基体上制备平均厚度为18 μm的MAO膜层; (2)采用Nd:YAG激光器对上述MAO膜层进行激光重熔(LSM)处理, 获得MAO+LSM膜层。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪、超显微硬度计和电化学分析仪分别检测上述两种膜层的微观形貌、相组成、表面硬度和耐蚀性能。结果表明: 激光重熔后的膜层由内往外分为致密层、中间层和重熔层, 组织致密、气孔率低的重熔层取代了MAO疏松层, MAO+LSM膜层中α-Al2O3相的比例得到提高, 硬度和耐蚀性能也进一步得到改善, 且保持了MAO膜层与基体的结合方式。     

不同体系中镁合金微弧氧化膜层的耐蚀性研究

在磷酸盐和硅酸盐电解液体系中对MB8镁合金进行了微弧氧化处理,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)及电化学阻抗测试方法,分析了各膜层的厚度、微观形貌、相组成及耐蚀性能.结果表明:相同条件下不同体系中膜层的生长速率不同,形成膜层的微观形貌及相关成分也大不相同.通过比较微孤氧化前后镁合金的交流阻抗发现,维护氧化处理后MB8镁合金的耐蚀性得到了明显改善.     

电压对镁合金微弧氧化膜组织及耐蚀性的影响

由于镁合金耐蚀性差,其应用受到了限制.采用 SEM-EDS,XRD等表面分析技术研究了不同电压对MB5镁合金微弧氧化膜表面形貌、相结构与成分的影响,并用电化学测试方法考察了氧化膜层的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:处理电压对微弧氧化膜层的微观组织结构、成分有显著影响,而微弧氧化膜层的微观组织结构与成分又直接影响其耐蚀性.在120～200 V下进行微弧氧化,160 V时试样耐蚀性最好.镁合金微弧氧化膜由α-MgF2,MgO,Mg2SiO4和MgAl2O4等含硅或铝的尖晶石型氧化物组成,随着氧化处理电压的增加,MgO的含量明显增加.微弧氧化时出现氧化膜微区熔化,溶液离子与基体合金都参与了微弧区物理化学反应.     

AZ91D镁合金表面无氟微弧氧化膜的制备与表征

目前,常用的硅酸盐镁合金微弧氧化液成分复杂且含F离子,对环境不利.以Na2SiO3-NaOH为电解质溶液,通过恒压在AZ91D镁合金表面制备了无氟微弧氧化膜.采用扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪及电化学测试对膜层表面的形貌、元素组成、相结构及耐蚀性等进行了表征分析.结果表明:氧化膜层表面微观多孔,膜厚约78 μm,膜层由Mg,Al,Si和O4种元素组成,不合F元素,物相主要为MgO和MgSiO3相;微弧氧化膜具有良好的耐蚀性能,与基体相比,自腐蚀电位变化较小,但腐蚀电流密度下降了近2个数量级.     

电流密度对MB8镁合金微弧氧化膜耐蚀性的影响

微弧氧化处理镁合金是一种有很大潜力的镁合金表面处理方法.采用碱性硅酸盐体系,讨论了电流密度(20,30,40,50 mA/cm2)对MB8镁合金表面微弧氧化膜耐蚀性能的影响,利用扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)和电化学方法对膜层的表面形貌、相组成及动电位极化曲线进行了分析.结果表明:电流密度越大,膜层的生长速度越快,晶化程度越高,陶瓷层表面致密度下降,孔径增大,腐蚀电流密度先下降后上升,呈现出的熔融状态逐渐明显.因此可推断出膜层的耐蚀性能并不单由膜层的总厚度决定,还取决于膜层的致密程度,随着电流密度的升高呈先增大后减小的趋势.     

镁合金微弧氧化添加剂的优选

为了获得耐蚀性更优的微弧氧化膜,以NaAlO2-NaOH体系为基础氧化液,考察了EDTA、蒙脱石、阿拉伯树胶等添加剂对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜层耐蚀性能的影响.在3.5%的NaCl水溶液中测定了微弧氧化处理前后镁合金样品的动电位极化曲线,利用腐蚀电阻等参数来判定膜的耐蚀性能.确定了铝酸盐体系中添加剂的最优用量为:3 g/L蒙脱石,0 g/L EDTA,50 mL/L 5%阿拉伯树胶.利用SEM,EDS和XRD等初步研究了陶瓷膜表面的微观结构及成分.结果表明:在该体系中添加最佳用量的添加剂可以得到致密的微弧氧化膜,膜层主要由MgO以及MgAl2O4组成;微弧氧化处理后的镁合金比处理前具有更好的耐蚀性能.     

电流密度对镁合金微弧氧化膜结构和性能的影响

电流密度是影响微弧氧化膜层结构和性能的主要因素之一.采用测厚仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、电化学测试等手段研究了AM60B镁合金在不同电流密度下硅酸盐溶液中微弧氧化膜层的结构和耐蚀性能.结果表明,随电流密度的增大,氧化膜厚度呈线性增加;氧化膜的表面微孔数目减少,微裂纹扩展程度增大.电化学腐蚀测试结果显示,电流密度9.0 A/dm2下生成的氧化膜耐蚀性最好,主要与膜层较致密的微观结构有关.     

镁合金微弧氧化膜水热处理后的耐蚀性能

目前,对以微弧氧化与水热复合处理镁合金提高其耐蚀性能的研究不多。采用该复合处理技术在AZ31B镁合金上制备了含有钙、磷的复合陶瓷膜层;利用XRD、SEM和EDS表征了陶瓷膜层的组成、微观形貌及元素分布特点;利用Tafel技术评价了陶瓷膜层在模拟体液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明:微弧氧化陶瓷膜层具有多孔结构,晶相物质为氧化镁;水热处理后膜层厚度变化不大,但粗糙度增大,并在表面生成了含有钙、磷的沉积物;水热处理使陶瓷膜层的耐蚀性进一步提高,在水热温度为100℃时,膜层耐蚀性最佳。     

AM60B镁合金微弧氧化膜层的结构与性能研究

为了提高镁合金的耐腐蚀性能,用微弧氧化方法在AM60B镁合金表面生成了氧化物膜层.利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析了膜层的形貌、结构和组成.研究表明,氧化膜可分为两层,外层疏松多孔,内层结构致密,膜层主要由MgO、Mg2SiO4和少量MgAl2O4相组成,从外层到内层,Mg2SiO4相含量减少,MgO相含量增大.与镁合金基体相比,氧化物膜层表面硬度提高7～8倍. 在质量分数为3.5%NaCl溶液中的动电位极化测试表明,微弧氧化处理使镁合金的耐蚀性能得到了明显提高.     

稀土配合物对增强AZ31镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷层性能的作用

通过在处理液中添加Ce和Y稀土配合物,研究稀土配合物对镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜层性能的影响,从而进一步提高镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷层的综合性能。用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、测厚仪和摩擦磨损试验机等分析手段,研究稀土配合物对微弧氧化陶瓷层的表面形貌、成分、陶瓷层厚度及耐磨性能的影响;用电化学系统研究了稀土配合物对陶瓷层耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:处理液中加入稀土配合物,可以提高镁合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷层的致密均匀程度,降低孔隙率,提高表面光滑度,但使陶瓷层的厚度变薄;微弧氧化处理提高了AZ31镁合金表面的耐腐蚀性能,使其耐3.5%NaCl溶液腐蚀电流密度降低了1个数量级,在处理液中添加稀土配合物能进一步提高陶瓷层的耐蚀性能,腐蚀电流密度进一步降低2个数量级,同时微弧氧化陶瓷层摩擦系数降低,摩擦磨损性能得到改善。     

AZ31镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷层表面Mg(OH)2膜层的制备及耐蚀性

采用不同浓度的NaOH溶液对AZ31镁合金微弧氧化(Micro-arc oxidation, MAO)陶瓷层进行水热处理, 研究了水热溶液浓度对MAO陶瓷层组织结构及耐蚀性能的影响, 探讨了水热成膜及膜层的腐蚀机理。研究结果表明：水热处理过程中MAO陶瓷层表面的MgO部分溶解, 释放出的Mg ²⁺与水热溶液中的OH ^-结合形成Mg(OH)₂纳米片沉淀在陶瓷层表面及孔洞内。随着水热溶液中NaOH浓度的增加, 水热处理过程中形成的Mg(OH)₂将MAO陶瓷层表面的孔洞及裂纹等固有缺陷闭合, 提高了膜层的致密性。电化学实验结果表明, MAO及水热复合处理所制备的Mg(OH)₂/MAO复合膜层比单一MAO陶瓷层具有更好的耐蚀性, 而且随着NaOH浓度的提高, Mg(OH)₂/MAO复合膜层的耐蚀性增强; 浸泡实验结果表明Mg(OH)₂/MAO复合膜层能为镁合金基体提供长久的腐蚀防护保护能力。     

AZ91D镁合金有机复合涂层的腐蚀防护性能

AZ91D镁合金易腐蚀,单项处理防腐蚀效果不大。先分别对其作无铬转化和微弧氧化预处理,再阴极电泳底层,最后喷涂面漆,获得了无铬转化层/阴极电泳层/有机涂层和微弧氧化层/阴极电泳层/有机涂层。采用附着力及铅笔硬度测试、盐雾试验、电化学试验对2种有机复合涂层的形貌、多种性、防腐蚀效果及其机理进行了探讨。结果表明:2种有机复合涂层都能显著提高AZ91D镁合金的耐腐蚀性能,使其自腐蚀电位分别约提高130 mV和80 mV,腐蚀电流密度约降低40%和70%,极化电阻约提高4倍和7倍;2种涂层的附着力达到1级以上,铅笔硬度达到7 H以上;微弧氧化预处理后获得的有机复合涂层的腐蚀防护效果比无铬转化预处理的好。     

Anticorrosion and cytocompatibility behavior of MAO/PLLA modified magnesium alloy WE42

Recently, biodegradable magnesium alloys have been introduced in the field of cardiovascular stents to avoid the specific drawbacks of permanent metallic implants. However, the major obstacle of the clinical use of magnesium-based materials is their rapid corrosion rate. In this paper, a composite micro-arc oxidation/poly-l-lactic acid (MAO/PLLA) coating was fabricated on the surface of the magnesium alloy WE42 to improve its corrosion resistance and the cytocompatibility of the modified materials was also investigated for safety aim. In our study, the morphology of materials was analyzed by Scanning electron microscopy. Potentiodynamic polarization was used to evaluate the corrosion behavior of the samples and corrosion weight loss was used to demonstrate their degradation rate. Furthermore, we applied cytotoxicity test in testing the cytocompatibility of the modified samples. The results showed that the PLLA coating effectively sealed the microcracks and micropores on the surface of the MAO coating by physical interlocking to interfere the corrosion ions. The corrosion rate was decreased and the cyototoxicity test showed that the MAO/PLLA composite coating WE42 had good cytocompatibility.     

钛合金表面硅酸盐和铝酸盐超声波辅助微弧氧化膜的性能

为了改善钛合金硅酸盐和铝酸盐工作液微弧氧化膜的性能,采用超声波辅助(UA)进行了微弧氧化。分别用硅酸盐和铝酸盐体系工作液在Ti-6Al-4V钛合金表面制备了Al-UA-MAO和Si-UA-MAO膜,研究了各氧化膜的性能。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜及磨损、耐腐蚀试验机,对各氧化膜的物相、表面形貌、耐磨及耐腐蚀性能进行了测量和分析。结果表明:本复合工艺可降低微弧放电电压,尤其是硅酸盐体系降低程度更大;在硅酸盐体系工作液中,UA-MAO复合工艺能够更有效地增强氧化膜的密封性、致密性和光整度,其耐磨性较无超声波辅助工艺提高近50%。     

Corrosion resistance of a superhydrophobic micro-arc oxidation coating on Mg-4Li-1Ca alloy

A micro-arc oxidation(MAO)/zinc stearate(ZnSA) composite coating was fabricated via MAO processing and subsequent sealing with electrodeposition of a superhydrophobic ZnSA. The surface morphologies,chemical composition and corrosion resistance of the coatings were investigated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical and hydrogen evolution measurements. Results indicated that the MAO coating was efficiently sealed by the following superhydrophobic ZnSA coating. The MAO/ZnSA composite coating significantly enhanced the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy Mg-4 Li-1 Ca due to its superhydrophobic function. Additionally, corrosion mechanism was suggested and discussed for the composite coating.     

Corrosion resistance of in-situ growth of nano-sized Mg(OH)2 on micro-arc oxidized magnesium alloy AZ31—Influence of EDTA

One of the major obstacles for the clinical use of biodegradable magnesium (Mg)-based materials is their high corrosion rate. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings on Mg alloys provide mild corrosion protection owing to their porous structure. Hence, in this study a dense Mg(OH)₂ film was fabricated on MAO-coated Mg alloy AZ31 in an alkaline electrolyte containing ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA-2Na) to reinforce the protection. Surface morphology, chemical composition and growth process of the MAO/Mg(OH)₂ hybrid coating were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer. Corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated via potentiodynamic polarization curves and hydrogen evolution tests. Results manifested that the Mg(OH)₂ coating possesses a porous nano-sized structure and completely seals the micro-pores and micro-cracks of the MAO coating. The intermetallic compound of AlMn phase in the substrate plays a key role in the growth of Mg(OH)₂ film. The current density of Mg(OH)₂-MAO composite coating decreases three orders of magnitude in comparison with that of bare substrate, indicating excellent corrosion resistance. The Mg(OH)₂-MAO composite coating is beneficial to the formation of calcium phosphate corrosion products on the surface of Mg alloy AZ31, demonstrating a great promise for orthopaedic applications.     

Improving the corrosion resistance of Mg–4.0Zn–0.2Ca alloy by micro-arc oxidation

In this paper, corrosion resistance of the Mg–4.0Zn–0.2Ca alloy was modified by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process. The microstructure and phase constituents of MAO layer were characterized by SEM, XRD and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The corrosion resistance of MAO treated Mg–4.0Zn–0.2Ca alloy in the simulated body fluid were characterized by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The microstructure results indicated that a kind of ceramic film was composed by MgO and MgF₂ was formed on the surface of Mg–4.0Zn–0.2Ca alloy after MAO treatment. The electrochemical test reveals that the corrosion resistance of MAO treated samples increase 1 order of magnitude. The mechanical intensity test showed that the MAO treated samples has suitable mechanical properties.     

电解液组分浓度对ZK60镁合金微弧氧化膜的影响

采用酸性电解液微弧氧化,对环境有污染.为此,采用环保型的Na2SiO3-NaOH碱性电解液体系对ZK60镁合金进行了微弧氧化,研究了电解液组分浓度对微弧氧化膜耐腐蚀性的影响.结果表明:电解液中NaOH浓度越低,微弧氧化膜层的耐蚀性越好,粗糙度越小,成膜越均匀;随着Na2SiO3浓度增加,微弧氧化膜厚度增加,腐蚀电流变小,耐蚀性提高.     

水热处理对AZ31镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷层组织结构及耐蚀性的影响

采用两种不同成分的溶液对AZ31镁合金微弧氧化(MAO)陶瓷层进行125℃+18 h的水热处理,研究了水热溶液成分对微弧氧化陶瓷层组织结构及耐蚀性能的影响,探讨了水热成膜及膜层腐蚀机理。研究结果表明：水热处理过程中微弧氧化陶瓷层表面的MgO部分溶解,释放出的Mg²⁺与碱性水热溶液中的OH^-结合形成Mg(OH)₂纳米片沉淀在陶瓷层表面及孔洞内;而在含有Al³⁺和Co²⁺的溶液处理过程中,溶液中的Al³⁺和Co²⁺取代沉淀在MgO表面及孔洞内的Mg(OH)₂中部分Mg²⁺的位置形成双金属氢氧化物(LDH)纳米片,将微弧氧化陶瓷层表面的孔洞及裂纹缺陷闭合。润湿性与电化学测试结果表明,亲水性的Mg(OH)₂/MAO复合膜层因Mg(OH)₂对MAO陶瓷层的封孔效应能在一定程度上提高MAO陶瓷层的耐蚀性,而疏水性的LDH/MAO复合膜层因封孔效应和LDH离子交换能力能显著提高MAO陶瓷层的耐蚀性。