基于机器视觉的柔性包装袋喷码缺陷检测研究

目的 针对传统喷码检测方法计算量大、字符区域定位不显著、识别准确率较低等不足,提出一种基于机器视觉的柔性包装袋喷码缺陷检测方法。方法 以柔性包装袋上喷码图像为研究对象,以滤波抑噪、阈值处理等技术对图像进行预处理,运用YOLO-V3网络模型对字符区域进行定位,并采用阈值和非极大值抑制算法提高喷码区域定位的显著性,通过改进AlexNet网络结构、运用多特征融合运算等方法,获取更为丰富的图像卷积特征,实现字符串的整体识别,从而提高喷码缺陷识别的准确率。结果 将YOLO-V3联合改进AlexNet的检测方法与传统喷码检测方法进行对比,结果表明,所设计喷码缺陷检测方法的分类准确率达到99.39%。结论 基于机器视觉的柔性包装袋喷码缺陷检测方法在模型计算量、字符区域定位显著性和字符识别准确率都有一定的优势,并有效解决了字符串整体识别的问题。     

基于卷积神经网络的印刷品颜色缺陷检测

目的 提取样本图像颜色直方图特征对卷积神经网络进行训练,达到快速、高准确率检测图像颜色缺陷的目的.方法 将标准图像从RGB颜色空间转换至HSV颜色空间,通过改变图像H,S,V三分量值获取训练样本和测试样本;在HSV颜色空间中非均匀量化图像的颜色直方图,得到所有训练样本和测试样本的颜色直方图特征;利用样本图像颜色直方图特征训练卷积神经网络,然后对测试样本进行检测,研究检测的速度、准确率,并将该检测方法与逐像素、超像素、BP神经网络和支持向量机方法进行对比.结果 对于图片尺寸为512×512的彩色图像,卷积神经网络检测单幅图片的平均检测时间约为57.66 ms,训练样本图像为50000张时,卷积神经网络方法对10000张测试样本进行检测的准确率为99.77％.结论 卷积神经网络方法在保证高准确率的前提下大幅提高检测精度,对于印刷品色差缺陷在线检测具有良好的应用价值.     

一种基于视频分析的数字式测量仪器实验数据实时采集系统

本文提出一种基于视频分析的数字式测量仪器实验数据实时采集系统。该系统在对数字式测量仪器实验数据图像进行预处理的基础上,利用灰度投影直方图实现字符分割,进而采用卷积神经网络实现字符识别。实验结果表明,该算法可以实现数字式测量仪器的实时数据采集。     

基于深度学习的易拉罐缺陷检测技术

目的 现有的易拉罐缺陷检测系统在高速生产线中存在错检率和漏检率高,检测精度相对较低等问题,为了提高易拉罐缺陷识别的准确性,使易拉罐生产线实现进一步自动化、智能化,基于深度学习技术和迁移学习技术,提出一种适用于易拉罐制造的在线检测的算法。方法 利用深度卷积网络提取易拉罐缺陷特征,通过优化卷积核,减短易拉罐缺陷检测的时间。针对国内外数据集缺乏食品包装制造的缺陷图像,构建易拉罐缺陷数据集,结合预训练网络,通过调整VGG16提升对易拉罐缺陷的识别准确率。结果 对易拉罐数据集在卷积神经网络、迁移学习和调整后的预训练网络进行了易拉罐缺陷检测的性能对比,验证了基于深度学习的易拉罐缺陷检测技术在学习率为0.0005,训练10个迭代后可达到较好的识别效果,最终二分类缺陷识别率为99.7%,算法耗时119 ms。结论 相较于现有的易拉罐检测算法,文中提出的基于深度学习的易拉罐检测算法的识别性能更优,智能化程度更高。同时,该研究有助于制罐企业利用深度学习等AI技术促进智能化生产,减少人力成本,符合国家制造业产业升级的策略,具有一定的实际意义。     

食品包装日期喷码检测系统设计

目的为了提高食品包装过程中喷码检测的准确度,基于机器视觉提出一种喷码缺陷检测方法。方法分析自动喷码系统结构和工艺流程,包括搬运机械手、传送装置、喷码装置、检测装置等。以扫码检测为重点研究对象,利用机器视觉采集图像,通过图像处理算法实现喷码缺陷检测,包括模板匹配算法和垂直投影方法。同时给出缺陷检测流程,主要由图像分割、字符校正和分割、字符分割、缺陷检测等步骤组成。结果实验结果表明,所述喷码检测方法的识别成功率可以达到99%,识别成功率较高。结论该方法能够有效处理漏印等喷码缺陷,可以代替人工实现食品包装的自动化分拣。     

基于注意力机制的结肠癌病理学图像识别研究

结肠癌的鉴别在医学诊断中具有重要意义.实时、客观、准确的检查结果有利于医疗人员及时对症治疗.然而,现有的方法严重依赖专业医师对病理图像进行手工特征提取和分析,不仅检测周期较长,检测结果会存在不同程度的误差.据此,本文提出了一种基于注意力机制的卷积神经网络识别结肠癌的组织病理学图像.该网络采用轻量化的卷积网络结构,并嵌入...     

卷积神经网络在无纺布缺陷分类检测中的应用

目的针对传统无纺布缺陷分类检测中人工依赖性强、效率低等问题,提出一种能够满足工厂要求的卷积神经网络分类检测方法。方法首先建立包括脏点、褶皱、断裂、缺纱和无缺陷等5种共计7万张无纺布图像样本库,其次构造一个具有不同神经元个数的卷积层和池化层的神经网络,然后采用反向传播算法逐层更新权值,通过梯度下降法最小化损失函数,最后利用Softmax分类器实现无纺布的缺陷分类检测。结果构建了12层的卷积神经网络,通过2万张样本进行测试实验,无缺陷样本准确率可以达到100%,缺陷样本分类准确率均在95%以上,检测时间在35 ms以内。结论该方法能够满足工业生产线中对于无纺布缺陷实时分类检测的要求。     

基于改进BP网络在车牌字符识别中的应用

本文研究针对传统神经网络在字符识别存在识别准确率低、效率低的问题,提出了一种基于误差反向传播的人工神经网络算法（BP神经网络算法）。该算法首先对字符图像进行归一化处理,然后对字符进行特征提取,采用PCA主成分分析对Gabort提取的特征进行降维处理,将提取字符特征输入到BP神经网络进行学习和识别,并采用动量因子和自适应学习速率对BP神经网络进行改进,加快其收敛速度,从而提高识别的实时性。     

基于改进卷积神经网络的动态过程质量异常模式识别北大核心

为实时识别动态过程质量异常模式,提出了基于改进卷积神经网络的在线识别方法。根据动态过程数据流的特点构建一维卷积神经网络识别模型。通过改进卷积神经网络损失函数提升模型在不平衡分类问题下的识别准确率。为减少实验次数和节约计算资源,利用正交试验法对改进后的卷积神经网络进行参数优化。以某铅酸蓄电池涂板过程为例验证了所提模型的有效性。实验结果表明:所提方法在处理不平衡样本问题时表现出了良好的识别能力,能够有效应用于动态过程质量异常模式的在线识别。     

基于改进卷积神经网络的动态过程质量异常模式识别

为实时识别动态过程质量异常模式,提出了基于改进卷积神经网络的在线识别方法。根据动态过程数据流的特点构建一维卷积神经网络识别模型。通过改进卷积神经网络损失函数提升模型在不平衡分类问题下的识别准确率。为减少实验次数和节约计算资源,利用正交试验法对改进后的卷积神经网络进行参数优化。以某铅酸蓄电池涂板过程为例验证了所提模型的有效性。实验结果表明:所提方法在处理不平衡样本问题时表现出了良好的识别能力,能够有效应用于动态过程质量异常模式的在线识别。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the