玻璃基TiO_2-Fe_2O_3-CeO_2复合纳米薄膜的光催化性能研究

在溶胶-凝胶法制备的TiO2胶膜表面涂覆金属离子,通过焙烧制备TiO2-Fe2O3-CeO2复合纳米薄膜。以甲基橙为目标降解物,讨论过渡金属离子Fe3+和稀土金属离子Ce3+的掺杂对TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响。采用SEM、XRD、EDS等表征手段对复合氧化物薄膜进行表征。结果表明:所制备的薄膜具有纳米结构;Fe3+、Ce3+单掺和Fe3+/Ce3+共掺均可提高TiO2薄膜的光催化性能,但相同条件下共掺离子的光催化活性更高。     

纳米TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜光催化特性研究

以电化学方法合成的Al2O3多孔膜为基体，采用交流电沉积的方法在膜孔中沉积纳米TiO2，制备出纳米TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜。对TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜的形貌、结构和组成进行了表征；对TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜光催化甲基橙溶液进行了研究。结果表明Al2O3／TiO2复合薄膜呈现出较好的光催化活性，电沉积TiO2的时间、热处理温度、选择不同光源照射均对TiO2／Al2O3复合薄膜光催化活性有一定的影响。     

离子注入改善纳米二氧化钛薄膜光催化性能

利用直流磁控反应溅射技术在玻璃衬底上制备了透明的纳米TiO2光催化薄膜。利用离子注入技术将Sn离子注入到TiO2表面以提高其光催化活性。用X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子谱（XPS）以及UV－VIS分光光度计对薄膜进行结构与性能表征。Sn离子注入后的薄膜具有更高的光催化活性，这是因为在TiO2和SnO2半导体的复合体系中，电子－空穴对的分离变得更加有效，从而提高了其催化性能。     

复合电沉积制备SnO2/TiO2薄膜及其光电催化性能

为了寻求廉价、高效和稳定的光催化剂,用复合电沉积技术在紫铜片上制备了Sn/TiO2薄膜,经300℃热氧化使之形成SnO2/TiO2复合电极.利用SEM,XRD对薄膜进行了表征,以甲基橙为模型化合物,对复合电极的光催化和光电催化性能进行了测定.研究表明:该薄膜由0.3~1μm的颗粒构成,每个颗粒又由纳米晶粒形成;电极具有多孔结构,膜中的SnO2以两种不同的晶体结构存在;在薄膜质量相等的情况下,SnO2/TiO2薄膜的光催化活性是纯TiO2粒子膜的2.87倍;外加一定偏压下,其催化性能大幅度提高.     

叠层式TiO2/SnO2复合纳米薄膜制备及其光电性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在不同基体表面制备了叠层式TiO2/SnO2复合纳米薄膜.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)对复合薄膜表面形貌和晶体结构进行表征.采用紫外-可见吸收光谱法和电化学方法来研究复合薄膜光学与光电化学性能特征.结果表明,所制备的叠层式TiO2/SnO2复合纳米薄膜表面连续、均匀、致密;XRD分析表明纳米TiO2为锐钛矿型结构,SnO2为金红石型结构;紫外-可见吸收光谱测试表明叠层式TiO2/SnO2复合纳米薄膜较纯TiO2薄膜的吸收范围拓宽;稳定电位随时间变化曲线(OCP-t)结果表明,叠层式TiO2/SnO2复合纳米薄膜光照下其光电化学性能高于纯TiO2薄膜;同时,光照后叠层式TiO2/SnO2复合纳米薄膜能有效储存TiO2先生电荷,延续对不锈钢基体的光生阴极保护性能.经比较,叠加3层SnO2的TiO2/3SnO2复合纳米薄膜改善光电性能最佳.     

HNO3处理对TiO2纳米薄膜的光催化活性和表面微结构的影响

通过sol-gel工艺分别在钠钙玻璃和预涂SiO2涂层的钠钙玻璃基体上制备了TiO2光催化纳米薄膜．然后用1mol／L HNO3水溶液对煅烧后的薄膜进行酸处理。用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电镜(SEM)和紫外可见光谱(UV—VIS)对酸处理前后TiO2纳米薄膜进行了表征。用甲基橙水溶液的光催化脱色来评价TiO2薄膜的光催化活性。结果表明：SiO2涂层能有效阻止钠离子从玻璃基体向TiO2薄膜的扩散，普通玻璃表面的TiO2纳米薄膜经HNO3处理后，薄膜的光催化活性明显增强。这是由于TiO2纳米薄膜中的钠离子浓度降低以及表面羟基含量增加的缘故。     

酞菁铜/氧化钛纳米复合薄膜的制备及其光导性能的研究

通过电化学阳极氧化法在Ti片上制备了氧化钛(TiO2)纳米管阵列.用这种高度有序的阵列结构作为模板,利用电泳沉积的方法在模板表面沉积了一种有机半导体材料酞菁铜(CuPc),从而得到了CuPc/TiO2有机/无机纳米复合结构.通过场发射扫描电镜(FESEM),透射电镜(TEM)等手段对这种复合结构的表面形貌及结构进行了表征.能谱数据证实了复合结构中有机物的存在.此外,CuPc薄膜的形貌和结构可以通过改变电泳沉积参数(如沉积时间和电压)进行调控,从而得到相应的纳米晶、纳米线和微米线薄膜.用该复合薄膜作为载流子发生层制备的双层光导体的光导性能测试结果表明,与复合前的氧化钛薄膜相比,该复合薄膜的光敏性有明显的提高.     

TiO2/Fe2O3复合光催化超亲水性薄膜的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法及浸渍提拉法在普通的载玻片上制得了TiO2/Fe2O3复合薄膜,通过对薄膜及相应干凝胶和粉体的DSC、XRD、UV透射光谱等的测量,分析了Fe2O3的含量对TiO2/Fe2O3复合薄膜的光催化及超亲水性能的影响.结果表明:复合薄膜均优于纯TiO2薄膜的光催化活性,Fe2O3的摩尔含量为0.5%时光催化活性最好;复合薄膜的亲水性能也随Fe2O3含量的不同而不同,Fe2O3的摩尔含量为0.05%～0.1%时得到了接触角为0°的超亲水性复合薄膜.     

纳米La2O3／TiO2复合薄膜的制备及光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在陶瓷基体上制备了纳米La2O3／TiO2复合薄膜。利用XRD研究了La2O3不同复合量对纳米TiO2晶型转化的影响，利用SEM研究了Al2O3底膜对La2O3／TiO2复合薄膜形貌的影响，利用亚甲基兰溶液紫外光降解实验研究了La2O3／TiO2复合薄膜的光催化性能．结果表明：复合0．5％（物质的量）La2O3的TiO2干凝胶经850℃煅烧后仍为锐钛矿（64％（质量分数））占主导的混晶结构，平均粒径在10nm左右；当Al2O3底膜和La2O3／TiO2复合薄膜的厚度分别为4层和3层时，经850℃煅烧后，复合薄膜致密且无微裂纹出现，而且具有佳的光催化性能．     

磁控溅射制备Cu2O和Cu2O/TiO2复合膜及其光催化活性

采用直流反应磁控溅射的方法在普通玻璃上沉积得到Cu2O、TiO2和Cu2O/TiO2复合薄膜.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱仪(EDS)对薄膜的晶体结构、表面形态和薄膜元素组成进行了分析.XRD结果表明,当反应溅射时间为5 min时,Cu2O薄膜由单一的(111)晶面组成;反应时间的延长促进了Cu2O(110)和(220)晶面的生长.通过计算得出Cu2O(111)更有利于对O2的吸附.进一步使用氙灯作为光源,用薄膜对亚甲基蓝(MB)的降解率来表征光催化活性.结果表明,Cu2O/TiO2复合薄膜的光催化效果随着Cu2O含量的增加升高而后降低,当Cu2O含量为2.6mol%时,光催化活性最高.光催化效率的提高主要归因于Cu2O的加入引起光生电子-空穴的分离,而过量的Cu2O会延长光生电子迁移到Cu2O/TiO2界面和空穴迁移至表面所需要的时间,使电子和空穴复合的几率增大,从而降低了量子效率.     

Synthesis and photocatalytic property of SnO2/TiO2 nanotubes composites

SnO2/TiO2 nanotubes composite photocatalysts with different SnO2 contents were successfully synthesized by means of a simple solvothermal process. The synthesized products were characterized physically by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The composite photocatalysts can not only make the target pollutant, methylene blue (MB), adsorbed at a high concentration level around the surface of the composites but also decrease the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs so as to achieve good photocatalytic performance. The effect of SnO2 contents on the photocatalytic activities of the composites was also investigated. The results showed that the SnO2/TiO2 nanotubes composite photocatalyst with 5 wt.% SnO2 loading had the highest photocatalytic efficiency.     

Sn~(4+)-TiO_2的制备及其光催化降解苯酚的研究

采用硬脂酸法制备出Sn4+-TiO2复合光催化剂,用透射电子显微镜和X光衍射仪对粉体的粒径、物相、形貌和热稳定性进行了表征。样品经500℃焙烧2h后,5%Sn4+-TiO2纳米粉末颗粒细小均匀,形状完整,粉末的平均晶粒度约为14nm。通过粉体对苯酚的降解情况对其光催化活性进行了测试,结果表明,与纯TiO2相比,Sn4+-TiO2的光催化活性有较大提高,当SnO2的掺入量为摩尔比5.0%时催化活性最高。以高压汞灯为光源,苯酚的初始浓度为80mg.L-1、催化剂5%Sn4+-TiO2投加量为1.0g.L-1时,溶液的pH为4,苯酚的光催化降解效果最好。     

Effect of filler types and calcination temperature on the microstructure and the nitric oxide photocatalytic activity of composite titanium dioxide films

The composite titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) films coating on the woven glass fabric were prepared by a modified sol-gel process, using pre-calcinated TiO(2) nanoparticle or silica gel as filler. The characterized physicochemical properties of the prepared catalyst films showed that the specific surface area, the microstructure and the crystal structure of the catalysts were greatly affected by the fillers and the calcination temperature. The physicochemical properties of composite films and the photocatalytic activity of nitric oxide (NO) show that the pre-calcinated TiO(2) nanoparticle is more favorable than silica gel as filler. The pre-calcinated TiO(2) nanoparticle filler can increase the photocatalytic activities of the catalysts by increasing the specific surface area, introducing a bimodal mesoporous structure, and creating a polymorphous crystal structure. And the TiO(2)-TiO(2) film calcinated at 400 degrees C exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity for NO oxidation and is more active than Degussa P25.     

Effects of calcination temperatures on photocatalytic activity of SnO2/TiO2 composite films prepared by an EPD method

SnO2/TiO2 composite films were fabricated on transparent electro-conductive glass substrates (F-doped SnO2-coated glass:FTO glass) via an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method using Degussa P25 as raw materials, and were further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra and Photoluminescence spectra (PL). XRD and XPS results confirmed that the films were composed of TiO2 and SnO2. FESEM images indicated that the as-prepared TiO2 films had roughness surfaces, which consisted of nano-sized particles. The effects of calcination temperatures on the surface morphology, microstructures and photocatalytic activity of SnO2/TiO2 composite films were further investigated. All the prepared SnO2/TiO2 composite films exhibited high photocatalytic activities for photocatalytic decolorization of Rhodamine-B aqueous solution. At 400 degrees C, the SnO2/TiO2 composite films showed the highest photocatalytic activity due to synergetic effects of low sodium content, good crystallization, appropriate phase composition and slower recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers.     

复合电沉积制备（Ni-Mo）-TiO2电极及其电催化析氢性能

为开发新型廉价高效的析氢材料,用恒电流复合电沉积方法制备了(Ni-Mo)-TiO2复合电极,讨论了TiO2悬浮量和电沉积时间对电极催化析氢性能的影响.用XRD和SEM对电极的晶体结构和表面形貌进行了表征,以稳态极化曲线对电极的催化析氢特性进行了评价.结果表明,(Ni-Mo)-TiO2电极是纳米TiO2粒子相和纳米晶Ni-Mo固溶体相构成的复合电极.电极具有较高的催化析氢活性.在25℃、0.5mol.dm-3H2SO4溶液中其表观交换电流密度是Ni-Mo合金电极的2.6倍,是Ni电极的60倍.在电流密度为100mA·cm-2时,电极电势相对于Ni-Mo电极正移了120mV,相对于Ni电极正移了542mV.催化活性的提高源于反应机理的改变,表观活化吉布斯自由能相对于Ni-Mo合金电极降低了24.48kJ·mol-1.     

TiO2／SnO2超微粒及其复合LB膜的紫外—可见光吸收光谱的研究

用胶体化学方法制备ＴｉＯ２／ＳｎＯ２超微粒,ＴｉＯ２／ＳｎＯ２超微粒及其复合ＬＢ膜的紫外－可见光吸收光谱研究表明：ＴｉＯ２／ＳｎＯ２超微粒具有量子尺寸效应使吸收光谱发生“蓝移”;ＴｉＯ２／ＳｎＯ２超微粒／硬脂酸复合ＬＢ膜具有良好的抗紫外性能和光学透过性能。     

Nylon6-TiO_2杂化超细纤维的制备与表征

采用静电纺丝法制备了Nylon6-TiO2及其杂化超细纤维无纺布。使用SEM、TEM和FTIR等方法探讨了其微观形貌、结构,并通过抗菌性能方法验证其抗菌性能与不同金属离子掺杂Nylon6-TiO2纤维膜的关系。结果表明：Ag＋的掺杂可改善电纺纤维的形貌特征,使纤维尺寸均匀,珠状物减少;Cu2＋的掺杂降低了Nylon6-...     

V-N共掺杂TiO_2/玻璃珠光催化复合材料的制备及光催化性能

用溶胶-凝胶法制备V-N-TiO_2/玻璃珠光催化复合材料,研究V-N-TiO_2(V-N-TiO_2)的浓度、V-N-TiO_2/玻璃珠的浸渍次数、玻璃珠尺寸、煅烧温度和煅烧时间对V-N-TiO_2/玻璃珠光催化复合材料光催化性能的影响。采用XRD、EDS、TEM、XPS等测试手段对复合材料的结构和性能进行表征;在100 W汞灯下,以苯酚溶液为目标降解物,对V-N-TiO_2/玻璃珠光催化复合材料光催化性能进行测定。研究表明:当V-N-TiO_2/玻璃珠的浸渍次数为4次、玻璃珠尺寸为2~3mm、煅烧温度为400℃和煅烧时间为4.5h时,得到的V-N-TiO_2/玻璃珠光催化复合材料对苯酚的光催化性能最佳,且单位催化剂对苯酚的降解量略高于V-N-TiO_2。V-N-TiO_2/玻璃珠光催化复合材料既易于回收,又具有良好的光催化性能。     

TiO2 and SnO2 magnetic nanocomposites: influence of semiconductors and synthetic methods on photoactivity

A number of reports have been published on use of TiO2 in thin films, magnetic nanocomposites, or heterostructures such as TiO2/Ag and TiO2/SnO2, as catalysts for water decontamination. Hence, semiconductor materials such as SnO2, associated with TiO2 in such nanocomposites, should be assessed in depth for such applications, especially those involving complex structures, such as magnetic photocatalytic nanocomposites. The present study describes the synthesis, characterization and testing of the photocatalytic potential of TiO2 or SnO2 magnetic nanocomposites obtained by the polymeric precursor and the hydrolytic sol-gel methods. The nanocomposites TiO2/CoFe2O4 and SnO2/CoFe2O4 were synthesized from polymeric precursors while TiO2/Fe3O4 and SnO2/Fe3O4 were synthesized by the hydrolytic sol-gel method. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (FEG/SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic potentials were evaluated by rhodamine B dye photodegradation under UV-C radiation. Compared to SnO2, the nanocomposites with a coating of TiO2 were found to show better photocatalytic activity, but the SnO2 magnetic nanocomposites showed some photocatalytic activity, even though SnO2 is reported to be inactive for these purposes. As for the synthesis method, the nanocomposites obtained from polymeric precursors had smaller surface areas, but higher photocatalytic activity, than those obtained by the hydrolytic sol-gel method. This observation was attributed to the higher crystallinity and a more active surface resulting from calcination of the polymeric precursor material.