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压力驱动膜技术在废水资源化方面的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
压力驱动膜技术(反渗透、纳滤、超滤、微滤)作为一种高效、节能、环保的分离技术,在废水资源化方面体现出较大的潜力.废水资源化指从生产流程中排放的废水中回收有价值物质,如废水中残留的产品,或可以进一步利用的副产物,或可以回用的中间产物等,以达到充分利用资源,降低污染,获取经济、社会和环境效益的目的.文章介绍了压力驱动膜的市场现状,并对压力驱动膜分离技术实现牛奶/大豆乳清、制糖压榨水/再生水、造纸蒸煮废液、印染废水、抗生素废水和农药废水等废水资源化过程进行了综述. 相似文献
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印染废水由于其高色度、高COD、高盐度和可生化性差的特点,成为废水处理领域的一大难题。与常规方法相比,膜法废水处理技术由于其高效、节能、无二次污染等优点而倍受关注。本文主要结合印染废水和膜法废水处理技术的特点,综述了超滤和纳滤等功能膜材料在印染废水深度处理中的应用。胶束强化超滤以及超滤与传统工艺联用的方法有效解决了单独超滤对小分子染料去除率不高的问题,而纳滤不仅对染料脱色效果较好,而且可达到回收染料和回用水的目的,因而具有极其广阔的应用前景。文章还针对废水处理过程中存在的膜污染问题,分析了相应的预防措施。 相似文献
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络合-超滤-电解集成技术处理重金属废水的研究进展 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
论述了胶束增强超滤、络合-超滤耦合过程、电化学法和络合-超滤-电解集成过程等重金属废水的处理方法.此外,利用络合-超滤-电解集成处理重金属废水,可实现废水回用和重金属回收,因而具有广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
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This paper, as part of a study carried out for the recovery of the acid dye bath wastewaters of a carpet manufacturing industry by membrane processes, describes the evaluation of alternative strategies for the pre-treatment of acid dye bath wastewaters. Dead-end microfiltration (MF) simulating sand filtration with MF media having pore sizes of 2.5, 1.0, 0.45 and 0.2 microm and ultrafiltration (UF) with an UF membrane having a molecular weight cut off (MWCO) of 50,000 Da were tested in single and sequential stages in order to achieve the best treatment efficiency. Four alternative process trains were tested; single MF, sequential MF, single UF, and MF followed by UF. For both MF and UF, application of sequential filtration did not provide any significant benefit over single processes. In addition, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal performance of all the alternative processes was similar where the highest removal was only 5%. On the other hand, color removals were much better; ranging from 15 to 100%, even with single MF. Comparison of all the process alternatives revealed that, single MF (0.45 microm), as the simplest process, is the most suitable pre-treatment method for the acid dye bath wastewaters. 相似文献
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介绍了微滤(MF)与超滤(UF)的主要应用情况,比较了微滤与超滤在病毒去除率、膜的耐久力,以及对下游反渗透保护的情况,重点强调了Pall微滤膜具有高的病毒去除率及非常低的断丝率。 相似文献
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采用二氧化钛(TiO_2)纳米粒子对聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜微滤膜(PVDF MF,0.1μm)和实验室自制聚砜中空纤维膜超滤膜(PSF UF,0.05μm)进行表面亲水改性,以期提高膜的抗污染能力.采用膜接触角、纯水通量、出水TOC、膜压差和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行表征了TiO_2动态膜的性能.将TiO_2纳米颗粒改性后的PVDF MF和PSF UF膜应用于膜生物反应器(MBR)处理模拟焦化废水(TOC=500 mg/L),考察了其对MBR过滤性能的影响.实验结果表明,改性后膜的水接触角明显减小,亲水性增强,TMP升高速率明显降低,模拟焦化废水,TOC的去除率平均可达95%,经返洗及次氯酸钠清洗后膜表面TiO_2层外观没有明显变化.改性后的膜组件较显著地增加了MBR的膜抗污染的优势,且具有一定的稳定性.因此,将TiO_2动态改性耐污染膜应用于MBR是可行的. 相似文献
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The degradation of the pollutant organic matter present in the cork processing wastewater was studied by combining chemical treatments, which used ozone and some Advanced Oxidation Processes, and membrane filtration procedures. Two schemes were conducted: firstly, a single ozonation stage followed by an UF stage; and secondly, a membrane filtration stage, using different MF and UF membranes, followed by a chemical oxidation stage, where ozone, UV radiation, and the AOPs constituted by ozone plus UV radiation and ozone plus hydrogen peroxide, were used. The membrane filtration stages were carried out in tangential filtration laboratory equipment, and the membranes used were two MF membranes with pores sizes of 0.65 and 0.1microm, and three UF membranes with molecular weights cut-off of 300, 10, and 5kDa. The effectiveness of the different stages (conversions in the chemical procedures and rejection coefficients in the membrane processes) were evaluated in terms of several parameters which measure the global pollutant content of the wastewater: COD, absorbance at 254nm, tannins content, color, and ellagic acid. In the ozonation/UF combined process the following removals were achieved: 100% for ellagic acid and color, 90% for absorbance at 254nm, more than 80% for tannins, and 42-57% for COD reduction. In the filtration/chemical oxidation combined process, 100% elimination of ellagic acid, more than 90% elimination in color, absorbance at 254nm and tannins, and removal higher than 80% in COD were reached, which indicates a greater purification power of this combination. 相似文献
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集成膜过程污水深度处理工艺 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
介绍了集成膜过程及其在污水深度处理方面的应用.集成膜过程是将超遽/微遽与反渗透(或纳滤)相结合,形成能够满足各种回用目的的污水深度处理集成工艺.PVDF、PP、PE、PES等超滤/微滤膜,抗污染反渗透复合膜具有化学稳定性高、耐污染、装填密度高等特点,适宜于规模化污水处理.污水处理用超滤/微滤膜以中空纤维为主,系统技术采用了低压运行、频繁(气水、透过液)反冲、气水冲洗等抗污染工艺,能够维持稳定的通量、运行维护费用较低、产水质量稳定.二级出水的集成膜系统工艺已成熟并得以广泛推广,针对原废水的集成膜工艺(膜生物反应器 反渗透)还需要进一步的工程化研究. 相似文献
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国外膜技术进展及其在水处理中的应用 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12
简单介绍国外膜材料、膜工艺进展;评述国外有关膜技术在水处理中应用的进展情况,包括饮用水生产、超纯水制备、沙滤池反冲水回用及工业水软化.当前膜组合工艺备受重视,因其将 M F、 U F 去除颗粒物和螺旋卷绕式组件不易污损的优点同 N F、 R O 去除 D B P 前体、病毒、合成有机化合物的优点结合起来,并把膜技术与活性炭过滤、臭氧氧化、生物处理等高级水处理技术相结合,对此作了论述 相似文献