搅拌摩擦与氩弧焊铝合金接头疲劳性能的比较

建立了铝合金焊接接头的S-N曲线,对比分析了搅拌摩擦和氩弧焊两种工艺对其焊接接头疲劳性能的影响,结果表明:在载荷相同的条件下,铝合金搅拌磨擦焊接接头的疲劳性能优于氩弧焊接头,搅拌摩擦焊接头的疲劳寿命N=106次的疲劳强度为59-65 MPa,搅拌摩擦焊接接头具有比氩弧焊接头更为细小的晶粒和狭窄的焊接热影响区,阻碍了滑移带的形成和裂纹的扩展,从而提高了接头的疲劳性能,铝合金焊接接头的缺陷是主要的疲劳裂纹源.     

不同基体组织对搅拌摩擦焊接接头性能的影响

对板厚为5mm的2024,6082,7050-T7451三种铝合金进行搅拌摩擦焊接实验.结果表明:搅拌摩擦焊接铝合金2024时,接头部位很容易出现孔洞缺陷,但一定尺寸范围内的缺陷并未严重削弱接头的抗拉强度.铝合金6082可在很大的范围内选择工艺参数,接头成型性明显好于铝合金2024和7050-T7451,工艺参数的改变对接头的抗拉强度无大的改变.铝合金7050-T7451在设计的焊接参数范围内没有发现孔洞缺陷,但接头的抗拉强度系数比铝合金2024和6082接头都低.因为搅拌摩擦焊接接头的性能除与焊接工艺参数有关外,基体材料的屈服强度、延展性、基体硬度等也是不可忽视的影响因素.     

Comparison of fatigue properties between friction stir welds and TIG welds

对比分析了搅拌摩擦和氩弧焊两种工艺方法对铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响,建立了焊接接头的S-N曲线,结果表明：在相同的载荷条件下,搅拌磨擦焊接接头的疲劳性能优于氩弧焊接头。搅拌摩擦焊接头疲劳寿命N=106次的疲劳强度值约为59~65MPa之间。对焊接接头显微组织的分析表明：搅拌摩擦焊接接头具有比氩弧焊接头更为细小的晶粒和狭窄的焊接热影响区,阻碍了滑移带的形成和裂纹的扩展,从而提高了接头的疲劳性能。TIG焊接接头疲劳端口分析显示,焊接缺陷是主要的疲劳裂纹源。     

超声冲击法提高焊接接头疲劳特性研究进展

焊接结构的失效以疲劳断裂为主,且焊接结构强度主要是由焊接接头的疲劳强度决定的。因此,改善焊接接头疲劳性能将显著提高焊接结构的整体性能。超声冲击处理是一种有效改善焊接接头疲劳性能的表面强化技术。研究表明,该技术通过改善焊接接头几何外形,细化表层晶粒及引入有益残余压应力可大幅度提高焊接接头的疲劳强度和疲劳寿命。综述了超声冲击处理对焊接接头疲劳性能影响的研究现状,分析了影响焊接接头疲劳性能的因素,总结了超声冲击改善焊接接头疲劳性能的结果,对目前研究过程中存在的问题进行探讨,最后展望了超声冲击表面纳米化技术的应用前景。     

氧化膜对6082铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头疲劳性能的影响

对6 mm厚的6082-T6铝合金进行两种表面处理然后实施搅拌摩擦焊接,研究了对接面氧化膜对接头组织和疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,进行速度为1000 mm/min的高速焊接时,对接面未打磨和打磨的接头焊接质量都良好,接头强度系数达到81%;两种接头的疲劳性能基本相同,疲劳强度均为100 MPa;少数样品在焊核区外断裂,大部分样品在热影响区断裂。与接头相比,两种接头焊核区的疲劳性能有所提高,均为110 MPa,在疲劳测试中裂纹并未沿“S”线萌生和扩展。     

铝合金氩弧焊与搅拌摩擦焊残余应力对比分析

铝合金材料由于其重量轻、耐腐蚀等优点被广泛应用于石油海洋工程中。铝合金的焊接及焊接接头的性能,备受关注。不同的焊接方法和焊接工艺产生的焊接残余应力对接头的疲劳寿命影响极大。以氩弧焊和搅拌摩擦焊工艺,选用不同的铝合金材料,采用小盲孔法测试焊接残余应力。比较了两种焊接方法、工艺所产生的接头焊接残余应力值,为今后铝合金焊接接头中,疲劳性能的计算提供初步的数据。试验结果表明,在铝合金的氩弧焊和搅拌摩擦焊对接接头中,残余应力的最大值均出现在焊缝中心到热影响区的范围内,随着与焊缝中心距离的增加,残余应力的数值逐渐减小。     

6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的显微组织与力学性能

对8mm厚的6082-T6铝合金进行了搅拌摩擦焊接试验,焊后对工艺参数与接头显微组织及力学性能的关系进行了分析。结果表明：焊核区显微组织为细小等轴晶组织。分析焊接速度对接头抗拉强度的影响得出规律：随着焊接速度的增大,接头强度增大,但焊接速度达到一定值时,接头性能达到最高值,之后随着焊接速度变大,接头就会出现缺陷,影响接头的性能。     

铝合金焊接接头腐蚀行为与防护方法的研究进展

焊接工艺、服役环境、材料质量等诸多因素都会影响铝合金焊接接头的耐蚀性能。综述了铝合金焊接接头的腐蚀行为和影响因素,以及改善焊接接头耐腐蚀性的技术方法和措施,介绍了铝合金焊接接头防护技术的发展趋势和今后研究的重点。     

TIG与FSW焊接工艺下2219铝合金疲劳裂纹扩展性能研究

目的 研究钨极惰性气体保护焊(TIG)和搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)对2219铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响,并探究这2种不同焊接技术条件下焊接接头疲劳裂纹的产生与裂纹扩展原理,了解2种焊接接头的抗裂纹扩展能力,为工程实践应用提供数据参考。方法 采用疲劳裂纹扩展试验方法,测试上述2种焊接工艺条件下焊缝金属和热影响区组织的疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN和阈值,使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察并分析金相组织和疲劳断口形貌特征。结果 疲劳裂纹倾向于沿裂纹处萌生,裂纹的存在成为主要的裂纹扩展源头,有利于加速裂纹向前延伸。热影响区由于组织结构不均匀,不同位置的晶粒尺寸存在明显差异,疲劳裂纹扩展路径倾向于沿靠近焊缝一侧向靠近母材区域扩展。TIG焊接工艺下焊缝金属和热影响区的裂纹扩展速率明显低于FSW焊接工艺下的焊缝金属和热影响区,与此同时,TIG焊接接头表现出优良的抗疲劳裂纹扩展性能。结论 通过此研究,建议2219铝合金焊接接头采用TIG焊接工艺,抗疲劳裂纹扩展效果更佳。     

不同焊接方法对铁路桥梁用321-Q370qE复合板焊接接头疲劳性能的影响

桥面结构焊接的方法主要是埋弧自动焊和焊条电弧焊,为了比较采用不同的焊接方法对321-Q370qE复合板焊接接头疲劳性能的影响,对这两种焊接方法形成的焊接接头进行了疲劳试验.试验结果表明,采用焊条电弧焊形成的焊接接头的抗疲劳性能优于埋弧焊形成的焊接接头.     

粘接剂对1420铝锂合金压印接头疲劳性能的影响

压印连接以高效率、低能耗的优点在薄板材料连接中被广泛应用,但其连接强度相对较低,鉴于此,压印-粘接复合连接应运而生。本文以1420铝锂合金为原材料,制备了1420同种材料组合的压印接头及压印-粘接复合接头并进行对比。通过拉-剪静态力学试验测定两种接头的静力学强度及承载能力,通过拉-拉动态疲劳试验测定两种接头的动态疲劳性能,采用三参数法拟合疲劳寿命曲线,并对疲劳失效断口进行分析。结果表明:压-粘接头的静强度比压印接头提高了108.17%,接头承载能力提高169.63%。在短寿命区,两种接头均为颈部断裂失效;在中长疲劳寿命区,压-粘接头的疲劳寿命优于压印接头,压-粘接头疲劳断裂位置为压印点,压印接头疲劳断裂位置为下板。对疲劳断口进行SEM分析,发现两组疲劳断口均呈现韧性断裂与脆性断裂同时出现的特征。     

铆钉分布形式对自冲铆接头力学性能的影响

该文采用Landmark试验机对5052铝合金自冲铆接头进行力学性能测试来研究铆钉分布形式对自冲铆接头力学性能的影响。获得了单铆钉自冲铆(简称SR)接头、横向分布双铆钉自冲铆(DRT)接头和纵向分布双铆钉自冲铆(DRL)接头的静力学和疲劳性能,采用正态分布和威布尔分布对试验数据进行分析检验其有效性。结果表明:DRT接头静强度约为SR接头的2倍;DRL接头静强度约为SR接头的1.9倍。DRL接头比DRT接头具有更好的能量吸收能力。双铆钉自冲铆接头的疲劳性能优于SR接头。铆钉分布形式对接头疲劳变形量影响较小,但是对寿命影响较大。当疲劳载荷较高时,DRL接头可提高疲劳寿命。随着疲劳载荷降低,DRT接头可显著增加疲劳寿命。     

TC4钛合金焊接接头疲劳性能试验研究

对TC钛合金焊接试样进行了低周疲劳试验，在应变控制试验条件下，得到了焊接接头疲劳裂纹萌生寿命。选取弹性模量的变化间接反映焊接接头中的损伤，对焊接结构疲功损伤变化规律进行了探讨并建立了相应的应变－寿命预测方法，研究结果为航空发动机焊接结构寿命的预测提供了参考依据。     

泡沫金属夹层板自冲铆接头的疲劳性能及失效机理

对铝合金自冲铆接头及泡沫金属夹层结构自冲铆接头进行疲劳实验,通过三参数经验公式采用S-N曲线拟合法绘制接头的F-N曲线,分析接头的疲劳寿命及泡沫金属夹层对自冲铆接头疲劳性能的影响;采用扫描电子显微镜对接头的疲劳失效断口进行观测,分析其微观失效机理。结果表明:泡沫金属夹层缩短了自冲铆接头的疲劳寿命,不同泡沫金属夹层对自冲铆接头疲劳性能的影响具有差异性,在高疲劳载荷下泡沫铜夹层接头疲劳性能更优。三组接头疲劳失效形式都为下板断裂,在高疲劳载荷下裂纹易在铆扣区域萌生,在中低疲劳载荷下裂纹萌生于下板一侧,沿铆扣区域下侧向板材另一侧扩展。     

Fatigue life estimation of tubular joints – a comparative study

In fatigue analysis, the structural detail of tubular joint has taken great attention among engineers. The DNV/GL‐RP‐0005 is covering this topic quite well for simple and clear joint cases. For complex joint and geometry, where joint classification is not available and there is limitation on validity range of non‐dimensional geometric parameters, the challenges become a fact among engineers. The classification of joint is an important factor to consider in fatigue analysis. These joint configurations are identified by the connectivity and the load distribution of tubular joints. To overcome these problems to some extent, this paper compares the fatigue life of tubular joints in offshore jacket according to the stress concentration factors (SCF) in DNV/GL‐RP‐0005 and finite element method employed in Abaqus/CAE. The paper presents the geometric details, material properties and load history of the considered jacket structure. It then describes the global structural analysis and identification of critical tubular joints for fatigue life estimation. Hence, fatigue life is determined based on the guidelines provided in design codes. Fatigue analysis of tubular joints is conducted using the finite element employed in Abaqus/CAE as the next major step. Finally, predicted SCFs and fatigue lives are compared, and these observations tend to conclude that even though the fatigue life, which is calculated based on code given SCFs, provides more realistic prediction to the simple uniplanar joints, there is a doubt for complex joints and geometry, where joint classification is not available. Also, the study emphasized that it is very important to preciously investigate SCFs by considering accurate geometry of complex tubular joints for a good judgement of fatigue life.     

Evaluation of local fatigue strength in spot weld by small specimen

It has been reported that high strength steel sheet cannot improve fatigue strength of components with a spot weld. The purpose of this study is to discuss the dominant factors on the fatigue strength of spot weld in order to clarify the reasons. A new fatigue testing technique is developed for a small specimen with a total length of less than 3 mm, and the local fatigue strength of heat‐affected zone (HAZ), which is the crack initiation site in the joint, in a mild steel sheet (270MPa‐grade) and a high strength steel sheet (590MPa‐grade) are evaluated by this technique. The fatigue strength of HAZ is almost equal in both steels although the tensile strength of the 590MPa steel is higher than that of the mild steel. The stress in the tensile‐shear spot‐welded joint under cyclic loading and the residual stress by the spot‐welding are evaluated by finite element analyses. The residual stress is tensile in both steels. However, the plastic deformation takes place in the joint of the mild steel and this releases the residual stress. On the other hand, the stress in the 590MPa steel is elastic and the residual stress decreases the allowable alternating stress. The stress under the condition of the experimental fatigue limit of the joint considering the residual stress coincides well with the fatigue limit diagram of HAZ, which means that the fatigue limit of the joint is determined by the fatigue limit of HAZ and the residual stress.     

Combined effect of strength & sheet thickness on fatigue behaviour of resistance spot welded joint

Fatigue performance of spot welded lap shear joint is primarily dependent on weld nugget size, sheet thickness and corresponding joint stiffness. Two automotive steel sheets having higher strength lower thickness and lower strength higher thickness are resistance spot welded with established optimum welding condition. The tensile‐shear strength and fatigue strength of lap shear joint of the two automotive steel sheets are determined and compared. Experimental fatigue life of spot welded lap shear joint of each steel are compared with predicted fatigue lives using different stress intensity factor solutions for kinked crack and spot weld available in literature. Micrographs of fatigue fractured surfaces are examined to understand fracture micro‐mechanisms.     

Fatigue strength and fatigue fracture mechanism of three-sheet spot weld-bonded joints under tensile–shear loading

This paper deals with fatigue behavior of three-sheet spot weld-bonded (SWB) joints to investigate the influence of adhesive bonding on fatigue strength and fracture mechanism. From the results of tensile–shear fatigue tests, the fatigue strength of the SWB joint was higher than that of the spot welded (SW) joint. For fatigue behavior in the SWB joint, debonding between a steel sheet and adhesive propagated from an edge of bonded area to a nugget edge, and a fatigue crack initiated at the nugget edge. It was concluded that the delayed fatigue crack initiation at the nugget edge in the SWB joint resulted in the fatigue strength improvement of SW joint.     

舰船用钛-钢复合过渡接头焊接态疲劳性能试验研究

针对舰船用钛-钢复合过渡接头应用要求,进行了钛-钢过渡接头焊接态拉-压、拉-剪和弯曲疲劳试验,结果表明,疲劳寿命为200万次时,钛钢复合过渡接头结构件的拉-压疲劳极限为73.0 MPa,拉-剪疲劳极限为62.96 MPa,弯曲疲劳最大应力达到360 MPa且接头本身未破坏。拉-压疲劳和拉-剪疲劳S-N曲线可为舰船钛-钢复合过渡接头结构的设计提供支撑。     

DFR based fatigue reliability assessment of riveted lap joint accounting for correlations

The objective of this paper is to analyse the effect of correlation on the fatigue reliability of a riveted lap joint with multiple rivets using a fast reliability assessment approach based on the detail fatigue rating method. The detail fatigue rating method, DFR method, is based on the nominal stress fatigue approach. The DFR represents the inherent characteristic of fatigue capacity of a structure independent from the applied fatigue load. The fatigue reliability assessment model of a structure is proposed based on the relations of fatigue loading, characteristic fatigue life and DFR. The upper and lower bounds of fatigue reliability of a riveted lap joint structure with multiple rivets subjected to fatigue loading is analysed using the DFR and Ditlevsen approaches accounting for the correlations between rivet holes failures.