情境故事法在产品设计开发中的应用

从产品设计中"以使用者为中心"的设计要求出发,引入情境故事法的相关内容.详细论述了情境故事法的概念、流程、操作方法,并以商务笔记本为研究载体,对商务笔记本的典型用户的使用特性,以及使用过程中的最初情境和遇到的问题进行综合分析.站在用户的角度建立情境故事以寻求商务笔记本设计的创新点,从而得到新的故事方案.最后对情境故事法使用的局限性作了些简要评述.     

假肢交互中振动反馈的设计方法

目的 完成假肢交互中振动反馈的设计方法，选择合适的振动反馈信号，为假肢反馈端的设计提供科学依据。方法 选择振动作为反馈信号，通过人机交互实验测量不同振动强度下人体的差别阈限，模拟截肢者在振动反馈下使用假肢完成任务的过程。结果 得出相应的用户数据并对其进行分析，在实验结果基础上提出假肢交互中振动反馈的设计方法。结论 振动对于人体是一种新的信号，截肢者可以通过训练逐渐掌握振动反馈，提升其对假肢产品的认同感，将假肢真正作为自己身体的一部分。以振动反馈的设计流程为例所提出的振动反馈的设计方法，为假肢产品反馈端的信号选择提供了包括用户灵敏度、人体对交互方式的适应期和用户的心理学数据等量化信息，提升截肢者对假肢产品的体验。     

基于transformer的工单智能判责方法研究

在图像、文本、视频、语音以及社交类网络数据爆炸增长的时代,企业如何从海量非结构化数据中提取出有效信息并将之转化为生产效率的提升和流程自动化的实现,是目前迫切需要关注和解决的问题。本文以运营商集团电子工单自动判责场景为切入点,提出使用基于transformer架构的双向编码器表示(BERT)作为文本分类模型,自动收集各省份的反馈信息并进行各省份的工单责任智能判定。通过将BERT模型与LightGBM和Bi-LSTM-Attention模型进行实验对比,结果表明BERT模型对各类别工单的预测准确率均达到了 96%以上,具有较好的实际应用效果。     

基于稀疏激光点云数据和单帧图像融合的三维重构算法

由于激光雷达获取的深度数据非常稀疏,为了能够将深度数据与图像数据重构出稠密三维深度图,本文提出了基于稀疏激光点云数据和单帧图像融合的三维重构算法。该方法首先使用点直方图特征有效地选择对应于目标的点数据并消除体素中的非相似点;然后,使用高斯过程回归对局部深度数据建模,并通过插值获得三维深度数据,本文算法获得的三维深度点更接近基准值,并保持了目标的局部形状特征;最后,利用马尔科夫随机场对图像灰度数据和三维插值点进行融合来构建三维深度图。仿真实验结果表明:相比现有基于激光雷达数据和单目图像数据的三维重建算法,本文提出的算法将大大提升算法的鲁棒性与重构的准确度,可辅助用于复杂的城市场景中车辆的无人驾驶。     

瞬态热线法导热系数测量实验数据处理方法的研究

为克服瞬态热线法导热系数测量中实验数据处理一般方法的弊端,将数值模拟引入实验数据处理过程,并通过比较理论计算曲线与实验曲线的符合程度来获得最终的实验结果。通过不同方法对实验数据处理结果的比较分析表明,所使用的方法可以更好地处理瞬态热线法导热系数测量数据,同时,与传统方法相比,采用较少的数据点即可得到正确的结果。研究结果不仅可以改进瞬态热线法导热系数实验数据的分析方法,而且对实验系统的设计与搭建也有借鉴意义。     

应用minitab进行实验测量系统分析改进实例

六西格玛管理的一大特点是"以事实和数据驱动管理",而数据是测量的结果。因此,在开展统计分析时,六西格玛特别强调测量数据本身的质量和相应的测量系统分析。测量系统分析方法应用到实验设备选定和评价上,分析测试误差来源,找到改善方法,提升数据测量准确性,为实验稳定性控制打下基础。本文通过实验中几个典型的检验项目,介绍了从取样、测量、分析、判定进行测量系统分析的过程。     

空温式深冷翅片管气化器表面结霜特性实验研究

空温式深冷翅片管气化器实际使用中,表面往往会结霜,影响传热效果。由于结霜过程的非稳态性,理论分析较为困难。这里以液氩为工作介质对气化器结霜过程进行了实验,获取了一些数据。根据实验数据拟合了翅片管表面非稳态的结霜厚度和沿管长方向的结霜速度的多项式,多项式在霜层生长稳定期的计算结果和实验结果均方误差小于23%。表明通过反复实验,不断完善数据,可以使拟合结果具有更好的适用性,也为工程设计提供指导。     

林区视频监控下车流量分类统计

针对林区环境中通过监控视频统计车流量的传统方法提取车辆特征困难、无法分类统计等问题,提出了一种基于YOLOv5结合DeepSORT的车流量分类统计方法。该方法使用目标检测算法YOLOv5作为检测器对车辆进行分类检测,为了提升实际场景中的车辆检测效果,在算法中融入CBAM注意力机制增强检测器对车辆的特征提取能力,同时将NMS改进为DIoU-NMS,解决了因车辆相互遮挡导致的漏检问题。使用目标跟踪算法DeepSORT对检测到的车辆进行跟踪,为了减少车辆身份切换现象,将重识别网络在车辆重识别数据集上重新训练。最后通过在视频中设置虚拟线的方法对跟踪到的车辆进行统计。将该方法在实际场景中进行效果验证,实验结果表明,总体车流量统计准确率较改进前提升10.1%,汽车、货车、客车的车流量统计准确率分别为91.8%,94.6%,93.8%。     

R134a汽车空调回热系统热力性能参数的优化分析

理论上在R134a汽车空调系统中使用回热管可显著提升制冷性能,但有实验研究表明回热管的使用对系统产生了不利影响,抵消了收益,使得制冷性能提升不明显且存在一定安全性风险。本文使用空调系统综合性能实验台对不同长度回热管进行对比实验研究,得到了系统不利影响与管长的关系。此外,本文通过膨胀阀调节实验、冷凝风量控制实验和油量控制实验,得到对该不利影响的规避方法,为回热系统匹配调节提供了一定的理论依据。     

测量数据中粗大误差在线剔除又一方法

以对实验数据进行科学、合理的处理为目的 ,应用未确知数学方法 ,将实验数据视为未确知信息 ,用未确知有理数表示实验数据 ,克服了数理统计方法处理实验数据中存在的问题 ,使实验数据能保持完整性 ,真实而又准确地反映实验结果。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.