Mn、Co掺杂ZnO薄膜结构及发光特性研究

利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法在Si(100)衬底上制备了ZnO、Zn0.8Mn0.2O、Zn0.8Co0.2O薄膜.薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌采用X射线衍射仪和原子力显微镜测试.表明薄膜具有明显的c轴择优生长取向,薄膜表面较为平整,颗粒尺寸在纳米量级,薄膜中晶粒的生长模式为"柱状"模式.此外,Mn、Co掺入后,薄膜的X射线衍射峰有小角度偏移,这与 Mn2 、Co2 离子半径有关.PL谱显示Mn、Co掺杂ZnO薄膜的蓝、绿发光峰的位置相对纯的ZnO薄膜没有改变,还出现了紫外发光峰,其中Mn掺杂的蓝、绿光峰的强度减弱,Co掺杂的蓝光峰强度减弱,绿光峰强度增强.这是因为Mn、Co掺入改变了ZnO本征缺陷的浓度,发光峰的强度也随之而改变.     

硅基Zn2SiO4:ZnO薄膜的电致发光

利用溶胶-凝胶法在重掺硼硅片(p-Si)上制备Zn2SiO4∶ZnO(ZnO嵌入Zn2SiO4基体)薄膜,在此基础上,制备了Zn2SiO4∶ZnO薄膜发光器件。实验表征了Zn2SiO4∶ZnO薄膜的晶体结构和形貌,并研究了该器件的载流子输运和电致发光特性。研究表明:器件表现出一定的整流特性;此外,器件在正向偏压(p-Si接正极)下可以产生来自于ZnO的电致发光,而在反向偏压(p-Si接负极)下几乎不发光。通过对上述器件在正向和反向偏压的能带图进行分析,对其载流子输运和电致发光机理进行了解释。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Li_xMg_(0.2)Zn_(0.8-x)O四元合金薄膜及其性能表征

采用sol-gel法在载玻片上制备了ZnO薄膜和LixMg0.2Zn0.8-xO四元合金薄膜。利用XRD、SEM、PL、范德堡法以及热探针等测试手段对LixMg0.2Zn0.8-xO四元合金薄膜的结构性能、表面形貌、光学特性和电学特性进行了表征。研究发现LixMg0.2Zn0.8-xO四元合金薄膜具有ZnO薄膜的结构特性,相对于ZnO薄膜LixMg0.2Zn0.8-xO四元合金薄膜的结晶性和晶粒尺寸显著提高,并且光致发光强度大大增强。在LixMg0.2Zn0.8-xO四元合金薄膜的光致发光谱中出现了紫外发光峰和可见发光峰,紫外发光峰随着Mg/Zn的值的增加向短波长方向移动,可见光的发光强度较紫光峰的强度更强。LixMg0.2Zn0.8-xO四元合金薄膜的电阻率约为103～104Ω.cm,并随着Li组分的增加而降低。     

ZnO薄膜中与Zn原子缺陷相关的发光特性研究

ZnO薄膜中可见光的发射与缺陷有关,为了研究ZnO薄膜中与Zn原子缺陷相关的发光特性,将不同Zn缓冲层厚度的ZnO薄膜沉积在Si衬底上,且所有样品在400℃下真空中退火1 h,采用X射线衍射谱(XRD)、吸收谱和光致发光谱(PL)表征了样品的晶体结构和光学特性。结果表明,随着Zn缓冲层溅射时间的增加,ZnO薄膜中的紫光峰向长波段发生了红移,且所有的发光峰强度逐渐增加;缓冲层和真空中退火都使得样品中有过量的Zn原子缺陷出现,薄膜中所有的发光峰与Zn原子缺陷相关。     

Ni2+掺杂ZnO薄膜及粉体的结构和发光性能研究

采用激光脉冲沉积法,用XeCl准分子激光器在Si (100)基片、真空和5Pa氧气气氛下制备了Ni2+(0.8％(原子分数))掺杂的呈六角纤锌矿结构的ZnO薄膜.氧气气氛下制备的薄膜沿(002)取向生长,表面比较平整,平均颗粒尺寸为80nm.真空条件下制备的薄膜出现Zn2SiO4杂相,平均颗粒尺寸为150nm.和真空条件下制备的薄膜相比,氧气气氛下制备的薄膜具有较强的ZnO本征发光,在425nm附近出现由于填隙Zn缺陷引起的较宽的蓝光发光带,并且在482nm处出现了由于氧空位和氧间隙间的转换引起的较强的蓝光发光峰,同时由于氧缺陷引起的449nm附近的蓝光发光峰强度明显降低.     

新型工艺制备ZnO薄膜的结构与形貌研究

采用了一种新型工艺制备ZnO薄膜。新工艺采用二步法,首先在N型Si(100)衬底上用离子束沉积溅射一层金属Zn膜,然后通过热氧化金属Zn膜制备ZnO薄膜。通过X射线衍射、原子力显微镜对不同制备工艺下的ZnO薄膜进行结构与形貌的分析比较。研究表明,Zn膜的离子束溅射沉积时间、热氧化时间和辅助枪的离子束对热氧化后的ZnO薄膜再轰击处理对ZnO薄膜的结构与形貌都会产生影响。     

脉冲激光沉积ZnO薄膜的制备及其性能研究

本文用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法在SiO2基片上制备了ZnO薄膜和Zn1-xMnxO薄膜.X射线衍射、原子力显微镜、紫外-可见光分光光度计对ZnO薄膜的测试结果表明:薄膜具有(103)面的择优取向,表面比较平坦;SiO2基片上制备的薄膜在387 nm附近存在明显的吸收边,且薄膜的吸收对基片温度变化不明显.通过对Zn1-xMnxO薄膜的吸收光谱分析得出:Mn离子的掺杂改变了ZnO薄膜的禁带宽度,随着Mn离子掺杂量的增加,薄膜禁带宽度增加;薄膜的光吸收也从直接跃迁过渡为间接跃迁.     

Mn掺杂对ZnO薄膜结构和光学性质的影响

利用脉冲激光淀积的方法在Si衬底上生长出了c轴高度取向的ZnO和Zn0.9Mn（0.1）O薄膜.光致发光结果显示了Mn的掺杂引起了薄膜的带边发射蓝移,强度减弱,紫光发射几乎消失,但绿光发射增强.利用X射线衍射,X射线吸收精细结构和X射线光电子能谱等实验技术对Mn掺杂的ZnO薄膜的结构及其对光学性质影响进行了研究.结果表明：Mn掺入到ZnO薄膜中形成了Zn0.9Mn0.1O合金薄膜,Mn以＋2价的价态存在,这就导致了掺Mn以后的薄膜带隙变大,在发光谱中表现为带边发射的蓝移.同时由于掺入的Mn与薄膜中的填隙Zn反应,导致薄膜的结晶性变差,薄膜中的填隙Zn减少,O空位增多,引起带边发射和紫光发射减弱,绿光发射增强.     

磁控溅射制备ZnO:Eu薄膜发光性能研究

采用射频磁控溅射法在蓝宝石基片上制备ZnO:Eu薄膜,通过X射线衍射仪和荧光分光光度计等测试其晶体结构和发光特性,分析退火对薄膜晶体结构和发光特性的影响.结果表明,ZnO:Eu薄膜为C轴择优生长的多晶薄膜,实现ZnO基质中掺杂Eu3+;退火样品结晶质量较好,有助于ZnO:Eu薄膜中Eu3+的5D0-7F2的能级跃迁发光;高于ZnO带隙的高能激发(间接激发)和Eu3+的7F0-5L6和7F3-5D2能级间的低能共振激发(直接激发)都能观察到Eu3+的5D0-7F2能级跃迁的特征发光(618nm);间接激发时存在ZnO基质与Eu3之间发生能量传递.     

沉积时间对脉冲激光沉积法制备ZnO薄膜性能的影响

采用脉冲激光沉积技术(PLD)在氧气气氛中以高纯Zn为(99.999%)靶材,在单晶硅和石英衬底表面成功生长了ZnO薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪、表明轮廓仪、荧光光谱仪、紫外可见分光光度计对合成薄膜材料的晶体结构、厚度、光学性质等进行了研究,分析了ZnO薄膜的沉积时间对其性能的影响.结果表明,采用PLD法在室温下可以制备出(002)结晶取向和透过率高于75%的ZnO薄膜,但室温下沉积的ZnO薄膜的发射性能较差,沉积时间的延长不能改善薄膜的发光性能.     

上转换发光材料及发光效率研究及展望

综述了上转换发光材料的进展.介绍了上转换发光的基本机制,较新的上转换发光材料,并分析了发光效率的影响因素.对上转换发光材料的发展进行了展望.     

Thermal luminescence water monitor

A thermal luminescence (TL) spectroscopy method for detecting organic impurities in water solution is presented. Infrared emissions by the dissolved organic matter are measurable, once a thermal gradient between it and the water medium is established, at those TL frequencies that are absorbed by the contaminant, following irradiation by a pulsed microwave beam. This detection window of opportunity closes as the liquid reaches thermal equilibrium at elevated temperatures and on collapse of the gradient. TL radiance liberated by a suspected contaminated water sample is scanned interferometrically about the maximum thermal gradient event, where N interferograms are acquired and grouped into contiguous sets of two, with N/2 interferogram elements per set. The coadded averages of these sets enhance the sensitivity of measurement to a small variance in emissivity and are Fourier transformed, and the adjacent spectra are subtracted. The difference spectrum is preprocessed with linear baseline, noise filtration, scaling, and parity operators to reveal a clear emissions band signature of the solute of dimethylmethylphosphonate to concentrations of parts per 10(3) and less. An artificial neural network facilitates detection of the contaminant by pattern recognition of the contaminant's infrared band signature.     

Sapphire: Relation between luminescence of starting materials and luminescence of single crystals

A relation between photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of different starting materials used for crystal growth and un-doped sapphire single crystals manufactured using various methods of crystal growth (Kyropolus, HEM, Czochralski, and EFG) was found. The crystals grown using the Verneuil starting material exhibited significant PL when any method of crystal growth was used. On the contrary, sapphire samples grown by the same technologies wherein the starting material was EMT HPDA^R revealed very low PL. (HPDA^R is produced by EMT, Inc., with proprietary and patented technology.)     

Sapphire: Relation between luminescence of starting materials and luminescence of single crystals

A relation between photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of different starting materials used for crystal growth and un-doped sapphire single crystals manufactured using various methods of crystal growth (Kyropolus, HEM, Czochralski, and EFG) was found. The crystals grown using the Verneuil starting material exhibited significant PL when any method of crystal growth was used. On the contrary, sapphire samples grown by the same technologies wherein the starting material was EMT HPDA^R revealed very low PL. (HPDA^R is produced by EMT, Inc., with proprietary and patented technology.)     

Up-conversion luminescence and near infrared luminescence of Er3+ in transparent oxyfluoride glass-ceramics

The up-conversion luminescence and near infrared luminescence of the Er³⁺ in transparent oxyfluoride glass-ceramics have been investigated. The formation of PbF₂ nano-crystals in the glass was confirmed by XRD. From optical absorption spectra, the oscillator strengths for several transitions of the Er³⁺ in the glass and glass-ceramic have been obtained and then the Judd–Ofelt parameters were calculated by a least squares fitting. The split near infrared emission peaks of the Er³⁺ ions in the glass-ceramics can be observed because the Er³⁺ ions have entered into crystalline environment of the β-PbF₂ nano-crystals. The up-conversion luminescence intensity of the Er³⁺ in the glass-ceramics can be observed to be much stronger than that in the glasses. The dependence of the up-conversion luminescence intensity on the current of the LD laser used as excited source indicated that the transition mechanism of the up-conversion luminescence can be ascribed to two-photon absorption process.     

Thin-film luminescence under ultraviolet irradiation

The features of visible dielectric thin-film luminescence under UV irradiation are discussed for single layers with a particular high-index/low-index couple, HfO(2)/SiO(2). We exploit those results in an attempt to understand the proper luminescence of three different mirror stacks in terms of both luminescence efficiency and angular emission.     

Time-resolved luminescence from annealed quartz

The influence of annealing on the lifetime and luminescence intensity has been studied in quartz annealed at 873, 1073, 1173, and 1273 K and in unannealed quartz. Luminescence was stimulated by pulsed green (525 nm) light. Luminescence intensity increased as a function of temperature from 293 K to a peak at 373 K, and decreased thereafter to 473 K, the maximum temperature in the investigations. Luminescence lifetimes from both unannealed quartz and samples annealed at 873 K for up to 5 min were constant at about 40 micros below 373 K. Lifetimes decreased strictly monotonically with temperature in samples annealed above 873 K. Values of the activation energy for thermal assistance accounting for the increase in luminescence intensity, and of thermal quenching describing the decrease of luminescence intensity and luminescence lifetimes are presented.