带装载量约束的物流配送车辆路径优化研究

建立了物流配送车辆路径模型,设计了一种禁忌搜索算法,进行了多个算例测试和比较。测试表明模型的正确性,显示出禁忌搜索算法在物流配送车辆路径优化中计算时间节省、路程里程节省、总费用最小化等方面比遗传算法、模拟退火算法、蚁群算法及其混合算法具有明显的优势,能很好地适应现代物流对配送环节快速、低成本的要求。     

Metaheuristic methods in hybrid flow shop scheduling problem

Memetic algorithms are hybrid evolutionary algorithms that combine global and local search by using an evolutionary algorithm to perform exploration while the local search method performs exploitation. This paper presents two hybrid heuristic algorithms that combine particle swarm optimization (PSO) with simulated annealing (SA) and tabu search (TS), respectively. The hybrid algorithms were applied on the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem. Experimental results reveal that these memetic techniques can effectively produce improved solutions over conventional methods with faster convergence.     

A hybrid approach for data clustering based on modified cohort intelligence and K-means

Clustering is an important and popular technique in data mining. It partitions a set of objects in such a manner that objects in the same clusters are more similar to each another than objects in the different cluster according to certain predefined criteria. K-means is simple yet an efficient method used in data clustering. However, K-means has a tendency to converge to local optima and depends on initial value of cluster centers. In the past, many heuristic algorithms have been introduced to overcome this local optima problem. Nevertheless, these algorithms too suffer several short-comings. In this paper, we present an efficient hybrid evolutionary data clustering algorithm referred to as K-MCI, whereby, we combine K-means with modified cohort intelligence. Our proposed algorithm is tested on several standard data sets from UCI Machine Learning Repository and its performance is compared with other well-known algorithms such as K-means, K-means++, cohort intelligence (CI), modified cohort intelligence (MCI), genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA), tabu search (TS), ant colony optimization (ACO), honey bee mating optimization (HBMO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The simulation results are very promising in the terms of quality of solution and convergence speed of algorithm.     

TSP问题的禁忌模拟退火求解

提出了一种加入了禁忌表、并且采用了新的温度控制机制的用于求解TSP问题的模拟退火算法。新算法增加了搜索结束阶段进行“爬坡”移动的概率,吸收了禁忌搜索具有较强局部搜索能力的优点和模拟退火算法产生优质解的能力,并且对问题的依赖性低于传统的模拟退火算法。对标准的TSPLib中不同国家的城市数据进行测试的实验结果表明,新的算法比传统的模拟退火算法在求解TSP问题上有更快的收敛速度,在解的质量上也有一定程度的提高。     

A very fast TS/SA algorithm for the job shop scheduling problem

The job shop scheduling problem (JSP) is one of the most notoriously intractable NP-complete optimization problems. Over the last 10–15 years, tabu search (TS) has emerged as an effective algorithmic approach for the JSP. However, the quality of solutions found by tabu search approach depends on the initial solution. To overcome this problem and provide a robust and efficient methodology for the JSP, the heuristics search approach combining simulated annealing (SA) and TS strategy is developed. The main principle of this approach is that SA is used to find the elite solutions inside big valley (BV) so that TS can re-intensify search from the promising solutions. This hybrid algorithm is tested on the standard benchmark sets and compared with the other approaches. The computational results show that the proposed algorithm could obtain the high-quality solutions within reasonable computing times. For example, 17 new upper bounds among the unsolved problems are found in a short time.     

Local Search Algorithms for the Maximal Planar Layout Problem

The problem of laying out facilities is practically important in a modern manufacturing environment. This problem can be formulated as a weighted maximal planar graph in which vertices represent facilities and edge weights represent desirability measures between facilities. The objective is to find a planar graph that can be drawn on a plane without any edges intersecting with the highest sum of edge weights. Exact solution method can only solve small sized problems. In this paper, local search algorithms based on steepest ascent, hybrid simulated annealing and tabu search with a non-monotonic cooling schedule, and tabu search with a hashing function are developed to obtain near-optimal solutions. Different search strategies are investigated. All the developed algorithms are compared with existing construction methods and a branch and bound exact algorithm on a set of practical size problems. The proposed algorithms performed very well in terms of solution quality and computation time.     

模拟退火算法中冷却调度选取方法的研究

模拟退火算法是解决组合优化问题的有效方法,冷却调度是它的关键部分,该文给出了切始温度,降温策略,Ｍａｒｋｏｖ链长度以及停止准则的取方法,尤其是在停止准则方面,借鉴禁忌搜索的思想同一种新的模拟退９火算法停止准则,以上方法在中国３１城市银行商问题以及抖动模式事得的有效应用。     

The use of meta-heuristics for airport gate assignment

Improper assignment of gates may result in flight delays, inefficient use of the resource, customer’s dissatisfaction. A typical metropolitan airport handles hundreds of flights a day. Solving the gate assignment problem (GAP) to optimality is often impractical. Meta-heuristics have recently been proposed to generate good solutions within a reasonable timeframe. In this work, we attempt to assess the performance of three meta-heuristics, namely, genetic algorithm (GA), tabu search (TS), simulated annealing (SA) and a hybrid approach based on SA and TS. Flight data from Incheon International Airport are collected to carry out the computational comparison. Although the literature has documented these algorithms, this work may be a first attempt to evaluate their performance using a set of realistic flight data.     

有卸货顺序约束的集装箱装载问题及算法研究

对有卸货顺序约束的三维集装箱问题进行了描述.基于禁忌规则,采用了求解该问题的模拟退火算法,设计了货物的摆放规则和序列生成方式.采用3种邻域,根据邻域的不同,构造了2种禁忌表.根据问题的特点,在模拟退火算法抽样过程中加入了禁忌规则.介绍了算法的原理,给出了具有代表性算例试验结果并且进行了分析.试验结果表明,提出的混合算法对有卸货顺序约束的集装箱三维装载问题的有效性.     

Annealing-based heuristics and genetic algorithms for circuit partitioning in parallel test generation

In this paper simulated annealing and genetic algorithms are applied to the graph partitioning problem. These techniques mimic processes in statistical mechanics and biology, respectively, and are the most popular meta-heuristics or general-purpose optimization strategies. A hybrid algorithm for circuit partitioning, which uses tabu search to improve the simulated annealing meta-heuristics, is also proposed and compared with pure tabu search and simulated annealing algorithms, and also with a genetic algorithm. The solutions obtained are compared and evaluated by including the hybrid partitioning algorithm in a parallel test generator which is used to determine the test patterns for the circuits of the frequently used ISCAS benchmark set.     

Metaheuristic approaches to grouping problems in high-throughput cryopreservation operations for fish sperm

High-throughput cryopreservation operations of fish sperm is a technology being developed by researchers today. This paper first formulates a grouping problem in high-throughput cryopreservation operations of fish sperm and then develops a heuristic and four metaheuristic algorithms for its solution. The heuristic is modified from one originally proposed for the assembly line balancing problem. The four metaheuristic algorithms include simulated annealing (SA), tabu search (TS), ant colony optimization (ACO), and a hybrid differential evolution (hDE). For each metaheuristic algorithm, four different initialization methods were used. For both SA and TS, five different neighborhood solution generation methods were also studied. Real world data collected from a high-throughput cryopreservation operation was used to test the effectiveness of algorithms with different initialization and neighborhood solution generation methods. For comparison, a base line of grouping by processing order was also established. The results indicate that: (i) all algorithms performed better than the base line; (ii) using the result of the modified heuristic as the initial solution of metaheuristic algorithms lead to a better solution; the amount of improvement varied from algorithm to algorithm; (iii) among the five neighborhood solution generation operators, insertion operator was the best; (iv) among all algorithms tested, the hybrid differential evolution is the best, followed by tabu search in terms of average objective value.     

A tabu search method for geometric primitive extraction

In this paper, we propose a novel method for extracting the geometric primitives from geometric data, which is essentially an optimization problem. Specifically, we use tabu search to solve geometric primitive extraction problem. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first attempt that tabu search is used in computer vision. Our tabu search (TS) has a number of advantages: (1) TS avoids entrapment in local minima and continues the search to give a near-optimal final solution; (2) TS is very general and conceptually much simpler than either simulated annealing (SA) or genetic algorithm (GA); (3) TS has no special space requirement and is very easy to implement (the entire procedure only occupies a few lines of code); (4) our TS-based method can successfully extract some geometric primitives which are specially difficult for the traditional methods such as Hough Transform (HT) and Robust Statistics (RS). TS is a flexible framework of a variety of strategies originating from artificial intelligence and is therefore open to further improvement.     

IT外包进度风险控制的自适应禁忌搜索算法

针对委托代理模式下的IT外包项目的进度风险控制问题构建了双层结构的优化模型.设计了自适应禁忌搜索算法对模型进行求解，该算法将多样化搜索机制与禁忌搜索相结合，在算法运行过程中，根据适应值的反馈自动调整禁忌搜索强度与多样化搜索力度；同时，应用贪婪策略构造初始解，循环交替应用两种邻域结构提高算法寻优能力.实验结果表明，进度风险控制显著地降低了IT外包项目的拖期风险，同时使委托方和代理商双方实现收益最大化.将自适应禁忌搜索算法的实验结果分别与遗传算法、模拟退火算法、禁忌搜索算法、自适应遗传算法和自适应模拟退火算法的实验结果进行了比较：在收敛程度和稳定性方面自适应禁忌搜索算法优于其它算法，并且随着问题规模的增加，该算法的优势更为明显.     

Seeker optimization algorithm for interference suppression of linear antenna arrays by controlling position‐only,phase‐only,and amplitude‐only

In this article, a stochastic search technique based on seeker optimization algorithm (SOA) is proposed for null steering of linear antenna arrays by controlling the position‐only, phase‐only, and amplitude‐only. The SOA is relatively new optimization algorithm based on the concept of simulating the act of humans' intelligent search with their memory, experience, and uncertainty reasoning. Several numerical examples of Chebyshev pattern with the single, multiple, and broad nulls imposed at the directions of interference are given to illustrate the performance and flexibility of the proposed algorithm. For a comparison, the nulling patterns obtained by simulated annealing (SA) and tabu search (TS) algorithms are also given. Furthermore, the results of SOA are statistically compared with those of SA and TS algorithms. The statistical results of simulations show that SOA is superior to the other compared algorithms. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2011.     

An effective hybrid algorithm for the problem of packing circles into a larger containing circle

Simulated annealing is a powerful stochastic search method, but it still has the disadvantage of blind search. Tabu search (TS) which can prevent cycling and enhance diversification, is an adaptive strategy based on tabu list. By reasonably combining simulated annealing with TS, an effective hybrid algorithm for the problem of packing circles into a larger containing circle is presented. Based on a special neighborhood and tabu strategy, some benchmark problem instances can be well solved by the presented hybrid algorithm, and the computational results can compete with the best literature results.     

A comparison of scheduling algorithms for flexible flow shop problems with unrelated parallel machines,setup times,and dual criteria

This paper considers a flexible flow shop scheduling problem, where at least one production stage is made up of unrelated parallel machines. Moreover, sequence- and machine-dependent setup times are given. The objective is to find a schedule that minimizes a convex sum of makespan and the number of tardy jobs in a static flexible flow shop environment. For this problem, a 0–1 mixed integer program is formulated. The problem is, however, a combinatorial optimization problem which is too difficult to be solved optimally for large problem sizes, and hence heuristics are used to obtain good solutions in a reasonable time. The proposed constructive heuristics for sequencing the jobs start with the generation of the representatives of the operating time for each operation. Then some dispatching rules and flow shop makespan heuristics are developed. To improve the solutions obtained by the constructive algorithms, fast polynomial heuristic improvement algorithms based on shift moves and pairwise interchanges of jobs are applied. In addition, metaheuristics are suggested, namely simulated annealing (SA), tabu search (TS) and genetic algorithms. The basic parameters of each metaheuristic are briefly discussed in this paper. The performance of the heuristics is compared relative to each other on a set of test problems with up to 50 jobs and 20 stages and with an optimal solution for small-size problems. We have found that among the constructive algorithms the insertion-based approach is superior to the others, whereas the proposed SA algorithms are better than TS and genetic algorithms among the iterative metaheuristic algorithms.     

An effective hybrid tabu search algorithm for multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problems

This paper proposes an effective hybrid tabu search algorithm (HTSA) to solve the flexible job-shop scheduling problem. Three minimization objectives – the maximum completion time (makespan), the total workload of machines and the workload of the critical machine are considered simultaneously. In this study, a tabu search (TS) algorithm with an effective neighborhood structure combining two adaptive rules is developed, which constructs improved local search in the machine assignment module. Then, a well-designed left-shift decoding function is defined to transform a solution to an active schedule. In addition, a variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm integrating three insert and swap neighborhood structures based on public critical block theory is presented to perform local search in the operation scheduling component. The proposed HTSA is tested on sets of the well-known benchmark instances. The statistical analysis of performance comparisons shows that the proposed HTSA is superior to four existing algorithms including the AL + CGA algorithm by Kacem, Hammadi, and Borne (2002b), the PSO + SA algorithm by Xia and Wu (2005), the PSO + TS algorithm by Zhang, Shao, Li, and Gao (2009), and the Xing’s algorithm by Xing, Chen, and Yang (2009a) in terms of both solution quality and efficiency.     

A variable neighborhood search for minimizing single machine weighted earliness and tardiness with common due date

Although the concept of just-in-time (JIT) production systems has been proposed for over two decades, it is still important in real-world production systems. In this paper, we consider minimizing the total weighted earliness and tardiness with a restrictive common due date in a single machine environment, which has been proved as an NP-hard problem. Due to the complexity of the problem, metaheuristics, including simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, tabu search, among others, have been proposed for searching good solutions in reasonable computation times. In this paper, we propose a hybrid metaheuristic that uses tabu search within variable neighborhood search (VNS/TS). There are several distinctive features in the VNS/TS algorithm, including different ratio of the two neighborhoods, generating five points simultaneously in a neighborhood, implementation of the B/F local search, and combination of TS with VNS. By examining the 280 benchmark problem instances, the algorithm shows an excellent performance in not only the solution quality but also the computation time. The results obtained are better than those reported previously in the literature.     

Fuzzy hybrid simulated annealing algorithms for topology design of switched local area networks

Topology design of switched local area networks (SLAN) is classified as an NP-hard problem since a number of objectives, such as monetary cost, network delay, hop count between communicating pairs, and reliability need to be simultaneously optimized under a set of constraints. This paper presents a multiobjective heuristic based on a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm for topology design of SLAN. Fuzzy logic has been incorporated in the SA algorithm to handle the imprecise multiobjective nature of the SLAN topology design problem, since the logic provides a suitable mathematical framework to address the multiobjective aspects of the problem. To enhance the performance of the proposed fuzzy simulated annealing (FSA) algorithm, two variants of FSA are also proposed. These variants incorporate characteristics of tabu search (TS) and simulated evolution (SimE) algorithms. The three proposed fuzzy heuristics are mutually compared with each other. Furthermore, two fuzzy operators, namely, ordered weighted average (OWA) and unified AND–OR (UAO) are also applied in certain steps of these algorithms. Results show that in general, the variant which embeds characteristics of SimE and TS into the fuzzy SA algorithm exhibits more intelligent search of the solution subspace and was able to find better solutions than the other two variants of the fuzzy SA. Also, the OWA and UAO operators exhibited relatively similar performance.     

A hybrid evolutionary algorithm for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem

The resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) is an NP-hard optimization problem. RCPSP is one of the most important and challenging problems in the project management field. In the past few years, many researches have been proposed for solving the RCPSP. The objective of this problem is to schedule the activities under limited resources so that the project makespan is minimized. This paper proposes a new algorithm for solving RCPSP that combines the concepts of negative selection mechanism of the biologic immune system, simulated annealing algorithm (SA), tabu search algorithm (TS) and genetic algorithm (GA) together. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated and compared to current state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms. In this study, the benchmark data sets used in testing the performance of the proposed algorithm are obtained from the project scheduling problem library. The performance is measured in terms of the average percentage deviation from the critical path lower bound. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms on all standard benchmark data sets.