柔性臂漂浮基空间机器人建模与轨迹跟踪控制

利用拉格朗日法和假设模态方法建立了末端柔性的两臂漂浮基空间机器人的非线性动力学方程．通过坐标变换,推导出一种新的以可测关节角为变量的全局动态模型，并在此基础上运用基于模型的非线性解耦反馈控制方法得到关节相对转角与柔性臂的弹性变形部分解耦形式控制方程．最后，讨论了柔性臂漂浮基空间机器人的轨迹跟踪问题，并通过仿真实例计算,表明该模型转换及控制方法对于柔性臂漂浮基空间机器人末端轨迹跟踪控制的有效性．     

输入有界的自由漂浮柔性空间机器人轨迹跟踪控制

针对自由漂浮柔性空间机器人轨迹跟踪控制问题, 首先利用拉格朗日和假设模态法建立了动力学模型. 分析系统动力学模型, 综合考虑欠驱动、柔性振动等特点, 将其简化为一种带有柔性振动扰动完全可控的动力学模型; 在此基础上, 考虑控制输入受限, 提出一种自适应状态反馈控制策略. 该策略采用自适应技术实时在线学习柔性振动扰动参数, 从而保证控制律对柔性振动扰动具有良好的鲁棒性; 最后, 基于Lyapunov方法证明了该控制策略能够实现关节期望轨迹的跟踪. 仿真验证了该控制策略对控制输入受限系统轨迹跟踪控制的有效性和可靠性.     

基于RBF神经网络的多关节机器人固定时间滑模控制

针对具有典型非线性特性的多关节机器人轨迹跟踪控制问题,提出一种基于径向基函数(RBF)神经网络的固定时间滑模控制方法.首先,基于凯恩方法建立包括系统模型不确定性以及外部干扰在内的多关节机器人动力学模型;然后,根据机器人动力学模型设计一种固定时间收敛的滑模控制器,RBF神经网络用来逼近系统模型中的不确定性项,并利用Lyapunov理论证明该系统跟踪误差能在固定时间内收敛;最后,对特定型号的多关节机器人虚拟样机进行仿真分析,结果表明:与基于RBF神经网络的有限时间滑模控制器相比,所提出控制器具有良好的跟踪性能且能保证系统状态在固定时间内收敛.     

空间机器人柔性臂的动力学轨迹跟踪控制

机器人柔性擘控制问题是目前机器人研究中的一个重点和难点，本文动用基于关节的求逆技术，得到了有关大质量负载的空间机器人柔性臂动力学轨迹跟踪非线性控制问题的有效方法，并以一平面二杆空间机器人柔性臂为例进行了控制的仿真研究，仿真研究的结果表明，该方法具有较高的可靠性和良好的控制效果。     

6-PRRS并联机器人的小脑模型神经网络控制

设计了小脑神经网络控制器.采用分散控制策略利用小脑神经网络来消除并联机器人控制系统非线性、耦合的影响及学习系统的不确定信息,作为前馈补偿使系统跟踪误差快速收敛;并采用PID作为反馈控制,保证系统的稳定性,从而实现6-PRRS并联机器人的快速、稳定轨迹跟踪.     

机器人轨迹跟踪的自适应模糊神经网络控制

研究机器人跟踪轨迹控制问题,针对模型未知的机器人系统,为提高跟踪精度和控制性能,提出了一种基于T-S型模糊RBF神经网络的H∞轨迹跟踪控制方法,用模糊神经网络为模型未知的机器人系统建模,克服了系统鲁棒性差,对机动目标跟踪性能差等缺点。然后设计自适应控制器,将H∞控制理论与模糊神经网络有机地结合起来,借助鲁棒补偿项将建模误差及外部干扰衰减到期望的程度以下,而控制器与改进Elman神经网络的结合,便于处理建模有界干扰以及非结构化的未建模的动力学,并进行仿真。仿真结果表明了所提出的控制算法的可行性。     

欠约束多机器人并联协调吊运系统运动控制

针对吊运过程中如何协调控制各机器人以实现负载高精度快速运动问题,采用了一种基于动力学模型前馈补偿+PD反馈的欠约束多机并联协调吊运系统轨迹跟踪控制方法。利用位置几何关系进行了逆运动学分析,并采用拉格朗日方程建立了系统的逆动力学模型。考虑到模型不确定性及外界扰动,采用前馈补偿+PD反馈控制方法进行轨迹跟踪控制。为了使被吊运物的轨迹跟踪控制更加快速准确,采用遗传算法对PD参数进行优化。理论分析和数值仿真结果表明,控制方法实现简单,能够快速有效地跟踪被吊运物的运动轨迹,满足被吊运物轨迹跟踪精度的要求。     

两轮自平衡机器人速度跟踪研究

两轮自平衡机器人系统是一个高阶次,不稳定,非线性,多变量,强耦合的系统.系统采用Lagrange方程进行动力学建模,将神经网络自组织算法应用于此模型,并对两轮机器人的平衡和速度进行控制,其难点是对车体速度和车轮速度的控制.本文采用神经网络自组织算法,使输出准确地跟踪输入,使机器人按照指定的移动速度和转动速度运动.将该算法与OBS算法相比较,仿真实验结果表明,自组织算法使系统的跟踪速度更快,具有较高的实用价值.     

模糊CMAC的柔性空间机器人轨迹跟踪自学习控制

针对不确定自由漂浮柔性空间机器人系统,采用模糊CMAC神经网络自学习控制策略来解决轨迹跟踪控制问题.首先建立漂浮基空间机器人的动力学方程,然后利用具有快速学习能力的模糊CMAC神经网络来逼近非线性柔性臂的逆动力学模型.网络参数采用改进的有监督的Hebb学习规则进行自适应在线调整,并通过关联搜索进行自学习和自组织,其误差代价函数由PID控制器提供.仿真结果表明,这种模糊CMAC逆模PID控制器能够达到较高的控制精度,具有一定的工程应用价值.     

漂浮基双臂空间机器人系统的模糊神经网络自学习控制

讨论了载体位置、姿态均不受控制的情况下自由漂浮双臂空间机器人系统的高斯基模糊神经网络自 学习控制问题．此类空间机器人系统严格遵守动量守恒和角动量守恒,所以其动力学方程表现出强烈的非线性性 质．将神经网络与模糊控制相结合,即利用神经网络进行模糊推理, 可使模糊控制具有自学习能力．在此基础上, 设计了双臂空间机器人系统关节空间的高斯基模糊神经网络自学习控制方案．系统的数值仿真证实了该方法的有 效性．     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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