基于免疫粒子群算法的非合作博弈Nash均衡问题求解*

针对N人非合作博弈Nash均衡求解问题,将免疫算法中抗体浓度抑制机制和免疫记忆功能引入基本粒子群算法,提出了一种求解博弈问题Nash均衡的免疫粒子群算法。该算法通过抗体浓度抑制机制和免疫记忆功能来保持种群的多样性,不仅保持了粒子群算法简单、易于实现的特点,而且增强了粒子群算法的全局寻优能力,加快了算法的速度。实验表明,提出的算法具有较好的性能,优于免疫算法和基本粒子群算法。     

Solving Nash equilibrium for N-persons' non-cooperative game based on immune particle swarm algorithm

针对N人非合作博弈Nash均衡求解问题,将免疫算法中抗体浓度抑制机制和免疫记忆功能引入基本粒子群算法,提出了一种求解博弈问题Nash均衡的免疫粒子群算法.该算法通过抗体浓度抑制机制和免疫记忆功能来保持种群的多样性,不仅保持了粒子群算法简单、易于实现的特点,而且增强了粒子群算法的全局寻优能力,加快了算法的速度.实验表明,提出的算法具有较好的性能,优于免疫算法和基本粒子群算法.     

协同免疫量子粒子群算法求非合作博弈Nash均衡解

考虑n人非合作博弈Nash均衡求解问题。将混合策略意义下的Nash均衡转化为最优化问题;把免疫记忆、自我进化、信息共享机制加入量子粒子群算法,通过概率浓度选择公式来保持种群的多样性,提出协同免疫量子粒子群算法。4个经典的数值算例说明,该算法优于免疫粒子群算法,具有较强的寻优能力和收敛性能。     

基于粒子群算法的粗糙博弈模型与算法设计

连续博弈中至少存在一个混合策略Nash均衡,但是关于无限策略混合策略Nash均衡的解法,以及局中人的策略集或是效益函数是不确定性博弈均衡问题,国内外相关的研究成果还比较少。运用粒子群算法对目标函数没有严格要求,参数较少,编码简单的优势,创立了一种计算无限策略混合策略的近似算法;并在此基础上提出了粗糙博弈论的概念,以粗糙集和Vague集的理论为基础,发现了一种粗糙博弈论转化为经典博弈论的方法。无限策略混合策略Nash均衡的近似算法和粗糙博弈论的研究为策略集和效益函数不确定时的博弈问题提供了理论依据。算法示例结果表明,基于改进的粒子群算法的无限策略混合策略Nash均衡近似算法和粗糙博弈论的解法是有效可行的。     

基于免疫粒子群算法的广义Nash均衡问题求解

针对广义Nash均衡求解问题, 提出了一种免疫粒子群算法。首先利用非线性互补问题, 将广义Nash均衡问题转换为非线性方程组问题, 然后把免疫算法中抗体的免疫记忆功能和抗体浓度抑制机制引入基本粒子群算法, 设计了一种免疫粒子群算法。最后通过数值实验表明, 该算法保持了粒子群种群多样性, 增强了粒子群算法的全局寻优能力, 加快了算法的收敛速度, 具有较好的性能。     

基于改进量子粒子群算法的Nash均衡研究

在N人非合作博弈Nash均衡问题求解过程中,将量子不确定性原理、协同演化以及免疫算法内的抗体浓度抑制机制引进到经典粒子群算法中,设计了一种新型改进量子粒子群算法来更好地处理Nash均衡问题。该算法在运算过程中,运用抗体浓度以及协同演化的方式来维系粒子群具备的多样性特征,并借助量子不确定性缩减迭代搜索耗时。该算法不仅有效地将粒子群算法运算简单与方便实现的特质承继下来,而且算法的收敛速度以及其全局搜索能力都获得了大幅度的提升。相关数值算例分析表明,改进的算法能够更好地处理粒子早熟,相较遗传算法以及免疫粒子群算法更具性能优越性。     

基于烟花算法的非合作博弈Nash均衡问题求解

提出一种求解N人有限非合作博弈Nash均衡的群体智能算法—烟花算法(FWA)。烟花爆炸后产生爆炸火花和高斯变异火花,根据火花的适应度值的好坏产生下一代烟花,适应度值较好的火花在较小范围内产生较多的爆炸火花,反之,适应度值较差的火花在较大范围内产生较少的爆炸火花。通过高斯变异火花增加种群的多样性,这种爆炸搜索机制对较好火花附近的区域搜索更加彻底并且避免过早陷入局部寻优。实验结果表明,烟花算法在求解N人有限非合作博弈Nash均衡问题上优于免疫粒子群算法。     

求解图型博弈的Nash均衡

图型博弈是一种新的博弈表示方法。求解Nash均衡是图型博弈的核心问题。论文把求解图型博弈的Nash均衡看作是离散空间中的优化问题,给出了求解图型博弈ε-Nash均衡的迭代优化算法。另外,为加快算法的收敛速度,提出了一个获得高迭代效率策略剖面的方法:基于博弈的图形结构进行多策略更新。实验结果表明算法是可行、高效的。     

一种面向多Agent交互的博弈Nash均衡求解方法

现有的图型博弈Nash均衡求解方法基本是在离散化剖面空间中搜索求解，最终只能得到近似Nash均衡。针对现有求解方法存在的不足，把求解图型博弈的Nash均衡看作是连续策略空间中的函数优化问题，定义Agents在策略剖面中的效用偏离度之和为优化目标，其最优解就是博弈的Nash均衡。本文基于对实例的分析指出目标函数下降梯度的计算可归结为一组线性规划，进而提出一种求解图型博弈Nash均衡的新型梯度下降算法。算法分析及实验研究表明，对于多Agent交互模型中的相关问题，本文提出的方法可求解任意图结构图型博弈Nash均衡，对于大规模图型博弈也有较好的求解精度和求解效率。     

基于博弈模型的合作式粒子群优化算法

粒子群算法作为一种新兴的进化优化方法,能够大大减轻复杂的大规模优化问题的计算负担. 根据博弈论的思想,在传统粒子群基础上提出了一种基于博弈模型的合作式粒子群优化算法,算法基于重复博弈模型,在重复博弈中利用一个博弈序列,使得每次博弈都能够产生最大效益,并得到了相应博弈过程的纳什均衡. 通过典型基准测试函数对算法的性能进行对比实验,实验结果表明算法是可行的、有效的,对拓展粒子群算法研究具有重要的理论意义与实际意义.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate