一种程度可控的形态学多尺度梯度分水岭算法*

为解决分水岭算法中的过分割现象,提出了一种基于多尺度形态学梯度的谷底填充算法,通过调整填充阈值的方式实现对分割区域数量的控制,同时利用Canny边缘检测算子获取图像边缘信息,以此对梯度图中的边缘位置进行强化和修正,确保分割出的区域轮廓在谷底填充过程中尽可能地保持与目标边缘拟合.仿真结果表明,此算法对于改善过分割现象有明显效果,并且对分割程度具备可控能力,在适应不同场景需求方面存在一定的应用价值.     

基于边缘信息的图像阈值化分割方法

针对现有几种利用边缘信息来进行图像闽值分割的方法存在的对噪声高度敏感，梯度阈值难以选取，且不具有自适应性的特点，提出一种抗噪声影响的形态学梯度算子和一种基于梯度直方图统计特征的梯度闽值自适应选取算法，得出了一套完整的基于边缘信息的图像闽值化分割算法。     

分水岭图像分割算法的研究

针对分水岭算法在对复杂粘连物体图片的分割过程中产生局部极值过多和分割后区域边缘不能准确定位的弊端,提出对要分割的图像做基于形态学的开闭重建运算;然后对图像的形态学梯度图像进行滤波重建,通过对梯度幅值图像进行修改,标记出要分割区域的最小值,过滤掉无关的较小值;最后运用分水岭算法对标记的图像进行分割,取得了较好的分割效果.     

适用于汽车油箱盖的边缘检测方法

为从带有噪声、高反光区域、灰尘覆盖和涂鸦等情况的汽车油箱盖图像中精确提取边缘,设计一种适用于汽车油箱盖的边缘检测方法.提出一种基于伪球与内积能量的改进Canny边缘检测方法,对Canny算子在滤波、梯度计算及阈值选取方面进行改进,用于获取精细边缘;设计一种基于形态学与Otsu阈值算法的油箱盖粗边缘检测方法,用多尺度底帽变换对图像进行增强并用Otsu阈值算法进行分割,用形态学方法获得油箱盖粗边缘;将粗边缘与精细边缘进行"与"操作得到油箱盖的边缘.仿真结果表明,提出算法能精确提取出汽车油箱盖边缘.     

固体推进剂药柱图像的自适应阈值分割方法

以固体推进剂药柱内窥镜图像表面缺陷的自动检测为例,在分析了此类图像特征的基础上,提出了一种利用梯度直方图信息的图像自适应阈值分割算法。通过实例,与原自适应直方图阈值分割算法和固定阈值分割算法相比较,结果表明：该算法采用可动态调整的形态学梯度算子计算梯度直方图,充分利用了图像的边缘信息和缺陷内部灰度分布不均匀的特性,算法简单,适应性广,具有实时准确分割图像的特点。     

基于数学形态学的遥感图像多感兴趣区域提取

提出了一种基于数学形态学的遥感图像多感兴趣区域提取算法。首先通过形态学运算强化特定结构的多个目标区域,运用阈值分割算法完成初步的图像区域分割;然后利用形态学运算进行精细化处理,结合提出的判断准则,通过人工交互完成了多感兴趣区域的提取;最后利用形态梯度的算法探测出感兴趣区域的边缘。实验结果表明该方法能够快速有效地分割提取出遥感图像中的多个感兴趣区域。     

基于标记的分水岭图像分割算法研究

本文针对分水岭算法的过分割问题,设计了一种结合形态学运算的基于标记的分水岭算法.算法首先对梯度图像进行形态学开重建运算和形态学闭重建运算滤波平滑;然后去掉图像中像素个数小于20的局部极小值区域,提取前景标记;用Otsu法求阈值,对二值图像进行距离变换,分水岭分割,得到的分水线图像作为背景标记;最后用强制最小技术修改梯度图像,进行分水岭分割.实验结果表明,此方法能有效抑制过分割,得到与人工标注的分割目标更接近的结果.     

多阈值选取与边缘连接的边缘检测算法

论文针对Kirsch 边缘检测算子的缺点,提出一种多阈值选取与改进的边 缘连接算法相结合的方法,对图像,尤其是医学图像进行边缘检测。该方法首先用高斯滤波 器对原始图像去噪,使用传统Kirsch 算子计算梯度,然后设定低阈值和自适应阈值来保护 图像弱边缘和提取真正边缘,最后通过改进的边缘连接算法连接边缘。实验结果表明,论文 的方法具有保持弱边缘、连接性好的边缘检测效果。     

内皮细胞图像自动分割与荧光强度测量方法

针对内皮细胞提出了一种自动分割与细胞区域荧光强度测量方法。通过形态学重建和背景减除消除图像的光照不均匀背景;利用直方图均衡化进行图像增强;增强图像经自动阈值分割与形态学滤波得到二值化粗分割结果;在粗分割结果上利用形态学细化和分水岭算法获取前景与背景的标记点;结合增强图像的梯度及标记点,利用标记点控制的分水岭算法完成分割;最终通过求取分割所得细胞区域内的平均荧光强度完成测量。在实际图像上的实验结果表明,相比于直接使用阈值分割方法,所提出的方法能更准确地完成图像分割及荧光强度的测量。     

梯度分层重构的彩色图像分水岭分割

目的 现实生活中的彩色图像往往因噪声、色彩不均匀、有较多弱边界等问题的存在导致难以准确分割,结合分水岭变换与形态学重构的优势,提出了一种基于同态滤波与形态学分层重构的分水岭分割算法。方法 首先提取彩色图像的梯度图,接着对该梯度图采用同态滤波修正梯度图。然后利用形态学开闭重构的方法,对滤波后的梯度图进行分层重构。根据梯度图像的累积分布函数及滤波后的梯度像素直方图的分布信息,给出了梯度分层数的计算公式,同时确定了形态学结构元素尺寸。最后对修正后的梯度图像应用标准分水岭变换实现了图像分割。结果 对不同类型的4幅彩色图像进行分割实验,采用区域一致性与差异性相结合的综合指标对分割结果进行无监督评价。这4幅图像的综合评价指标分别为0.6333、0.6656、0.6293、0.6484,均高于文献中两种现有分水岭算法的指标值：0.6295、0.6641、0.6230、0.6454与0.5861、0.5907、0.5704、0.5852,分割性能较好。结论 提出一种新的彩色图像分割算法,应用同态滤波保留了图像的弱边界,采用自适应形态学重构,抑制了分水岭变换中过分割。算法的分割结果更加接近人眼对图像的感知,无论从评价指标还是分割性能看,均表现出色。算法对噪声不敏感,鲁棒性较好,可广泛应用于计算机视觉、交通控制、生物医学等方面的目标分割。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate