一种有效的图像口令身份认证方案

分析和比较一次性口令和图像口令的相关技术,指出在开放网络环境下进行身份认证时,图像口令存在的缺陷,并论证采用一次性口令弥补该缺陷的可行性和可靠性。基于一次性口令产生的会话密钥,设计一种有效的图像口令身份认证方案。该方案提高口令的安全性,能够防止窥探攻击和重放攻击。类似技术被应用于更加灵活的实际环境中,并增强了应用系统的安全性。     

基于挑战/响应机制的动态口令系统的设计

口令是广泛使用的身份认证手段。应用动态口令系统是一种提高信息系统口令安全切实有效的方法。文章介绍了动态口令系统的研究和应用现状。在此基础上提出了一种新的基于挑战/响应机制的动态口令系统。该系统并未引入额外的认证硬件设备,分析表明该认证系统适合普通的互联网应用。     

基于移动Java的动态身份认证系统

动态口令技术是通过计算器得到随时变化的、不可预知的、一次性有效口令的技术。基于移动Java的动态身份认证系统,采用手机作为动态口令计算器,通过改进的动态口令认证协议,提供了高效、安全、方便的身份认证。     

基于动态口令身份认证系统的设计与实现

身份认证是网络安全技术的一个重要组成部分,而动态口令认证系统可以有效地避免因用户密码被盗而带来的巨大损失。文章在基于挑战／应答认证机制的基础上提出了基于动态口令的认证机制,并介绍了静态口令与动态口令的区别,论述了用动态口令设计身份认证的原理,提出了动态口令身份认证系统的实现方法。     

基于动态口令身份认证系统的设计与实现

身份认证是网络安全技术的一个重要组成部分,而动态口令认证系统可以有效地避免因用户密码被盗而带来的巨大损失.文章在基于挑战/应答认证机制的基础上提出了基于动态口令的认证机制,并介绍了静态口令与动态口令的区别,论述了用动态口令设计身份认证的原理,提出了动态口令身份认证系统的实现方法.     

基于人脸识别的双因素身份认证系统的设计与实现

身份认证是网络安全信息系统的第一道屏障,目前广泛使用口令等方式来确认身份的技术面临着严峻的挑战,并显得越来越不适应现代科技的发展和社会的进步;人们希望有一种更加方便可靠的方法来进行身份认证,根据身份认证的研究现状和生物特征的特点,文章设计了一种基于人脸识别和口令的双因素身份认证系统的新模式,不仅有效地提高了系统的安全性,而且有效地提高了系统认证速度,是一个安全、高效的身份认证系统。     

基于ATM应用的身份认证系统

身份认证是银行网络安全技术的一个重要组成部分.对当前自动柜员机(ATM)应用中的安全缺陷进行了分析,介绍了动态口令技术原理,设计了一个基于ATM应用的身份认证系统,并对系统的组成及其功能进行了阐述.给出了认证服务器的部分调用代码,讨论了基于动态口令技术的ATM应用流程,并对身份认证系统的安全性进行了剖析.设计的认证系统克服了传统口令认证的弱点,解决了ATM应用中用户身份认证的安全问题.     

一种动态口令认证系统的设计与实现

身份认证在网络应用系统中起着重要的作用.动态口令身份认证弥补了传统口令身份认证的不足,是一种更安全的身份认证机制.公开密钥密码体制的出现,为信息提供了更安全的加密方法.将公开密钥密码体制应用于身份认证系统,提出了一种挑战/应答方式的动态口令身份认证系统的实现方法.     

远程教育系统中身份认证技术的探究

针对当前远程教育系统所采用的静态口令身份认证技术的不足,通过研究基于口令的身份认证系统,设计了基于手机短信平台的一次一用动态口令系统方案。对登录用户进行多因素动态身份认证,以提高远程教育学习系统的安全性,进一步推动远程教育的发展。     

基于动态口令的身份认证方法

本文提出了一种采用安全单钥管理技术,在客户机和认证中心两端建立加密和认证协议,将用户在客户机端输入的静态口令和认证系统自动生成的静态口令,通过密钥元素代替表,代替成一次一变的认证密钥,再生成动态口令实现身份认证,从而,建立基于动态口令身份认证系统.     

Secure Graphical One Time Password (GOTPass): An Empirical Study

ABSTRACT

The traditional text-based password has been the default security medium for years; however, the difficulty of memorizing secure strong passwords often leads to insecure practices. A possible alternative solution is graphical authentication, which is motivated by the fact that the capability of humans’ memory for images is superior to text, which helps to improve password usability and security. Recently, some implementations of graphical authentication techniques have been deployed in practice. This paper introduces a new hybrid graphical authentication, “GOTPass,” that authenticates by means of a one-time numerical code that needs to be typed in based on a sequence of secret images and a prechosen input format. An important focus for this paper was the security aspects of the graphical password scheme. This paper reports an in-depth analysis of the security evaluation and shows a high resistance capability of GOTPass against common graphical password attacks. Three attacks were simulated (Guessing, Intersection, and Shoulder-surfing), and the results showed that nearly 98% of the 690 attempts failed to compromise the system.     

Graphical One-Time Password (GOTPass): A usability evaluation

ABSTRACT

Complying with a security policy often requires users to create long and complex passwords to protect their accounts. However, remembering such passwords is difficult for many and may lead to insecure practices, such as choosing weak passwords or writing them down. In addition, they are vulnerable to various types of attacks, such as shoulder surfing, replay, and keylogger attacks (Gupta, Sahni, Sabbu, Varma, & Gangashetty, 2012) One-Time Passwords (OTPs) aim to overcome such problems (Gupta et al., 2012); however, most implemented OTP techniques require special hardware, which not only adds cost, but there are also issues regarding its availability (Brostoff, Inglesant, & Sasse, 2010). In contrast, the use of graphical passwords is an alternative authentication mechanism designed to aid memorability and ease of use, often forming part of a multifactor authentication process. This article is complementary to the earlier work that introduced and evaluated the security of the new hybrid user-authentication approach: Graphical One-Time Password (GOTPass) (Alsaiari et al., 2015). The scheme aims to combine the usability of recognition-based and draw-based graphical passwords with the security of OTP. The article presents the results of an empirical user study that investigates the usability features of the proposed approach, as well as pretest and posttest questionnaires. The experiment was conducted during three separate sessions, which took place over five weeks, to measure the efficiency, effectiveness, memorability, and user satisfaction of the new scheme. The results showed that users were able to easily create and enter their credentials as well as remember them over time. Participants carried out a total of 1,302 login attempts with a 93% success rate and an average login time of 24.5 s.     

Tackling the Password Problem: Image- and Gesture-Based Alternatives to Alphanumeric Passwords

Abstract

Alphanumeric passwords remain a ubiquitous means of user authentication, yet they are plagued by a fundamental problem: Secure passwords are difficult to create and remember. This paper suggests that image- or gesture-based passwords might strike a better balance between security and usability. It examines two such systems that are currently in widespread commercial use and examines alternative approaches that may offer insights for future improvements. Finally, it considers the possibility that touch-screen gesture passwords may become a viable biometric measure, which may allow them to provide multi-factor gesture-based authentication.     

On designing usable and secure recognition-based graphical authentication mechanisms

In this article we present the development of a new, web-based, graphical authentication mechanism called ImagePass. The authentication mechanism introduces a novel feature based on one-time passwords that increases the security of the system without compromising its usability. Regarding usability, we explore the users’ perception of recognition-based, graphical authentication mechanisms in a web environment. Specifically, we investigate whether the memorability of recognition-based authentication keys is influenced by image content. We also examine how the frequency of use affects the usability of the system and whether user training via mnemonic instructions improves the graphical password recognition rate. The design and development process of the proposed system began with a study that assessed how the users remember abstract, face or single-object images, and showed that single-object images have a higher memorability rate. We then proceeded with the design and development of a recognition-based graphical authentication mechanism, ImagePass, which uses single-objects as the image content and follows usable security guidelines. To conclude the research, in a follow-up study we evaluated the performance of 151 participants under different conditions. We discovered that the frequency of use had a great impact on users’ performance, while the users’ gender had a limited task-specific effect. In contrast, user training through mnemonic instructions showed no differences in the users’ authentication metrics. However, a post-study, focus-group analysis revealed that these instructions greatly influenced the users’ perception for memorability and the usability of the graphical authentication. In general, the results of these studies suggest that single-object graphical authentication can be a complementary replacement for traditional passwords, especially in ubiquitous environments and mobile devices.     

Investigating the Viability of Multifactor Graphical Passwords for User Authentication

ABSTRACT

Authentication using images (i.e., graphical passwords) is claimed to be one of the alternatives for overcoming weaknesses in the traditional username and password authentication. This paper reports on the study to explore the feasibility of combining two graphical password methods for better security. A graphical password prototype scheme, the Enhanced Graphical Authentication System (EGAS), was developed (which combines the methods of clicking on the image (i.e., click-based) and selecting a series of images (i.e., choice-based). The EGAS was tested by 30 participants randomly chosen from the authors’ university and two evaluations were made; namely user performance of the combined method and the feasibility of authentication strategies toward the introduced method itself. From both evaluations, it is found that positive results have been obtained, which suggest that these methods could be combined together effectively without giving impediment to users.     

一种新型抵御字典攻击的认证方案

身份验证是网络应用系统中的第一道防线,目的是验证通信双方的身份,防止非法用户窃取和假冒合法用户.尽管通过口令是最方便的身份验证方法,但它也伴随着字典攻击的威胁.分析了常用的几种一次性口令身份认证方案,在挑战-响应方案基础上,利用安全单向哈希函数提出并设计了一种新型身份验证方案.该方案不仅明显减少了认证服务器的开销,而且能有效地抵御字典攻击、拒绝服务攻击等攻击手段,显著增强了应用系统的安全性.     

基于智能卡和指纹识别的电子报税认证系统

针对目前报警信息关联技术中存在的问题，提出了基于入侵意图的报警信息关联分析技术。该技术不仅继承了基于入侵策略的报警信息关联分析方法所具有的时效性、预见性强等优点，而且提高了入侵策略模型的泛化能力，并通过建立“跳步”分析机制，提高了系统对入侵的理解能力。     

Password Security: An Empirical Investigation into E-Commerce Passwords and Their Crack Times

Abstract

Strong passwords are essential to the security of any e-commerce site as well as to individual users. Without them, hackers can penetrate a network and stop critical processes that assist consumers and keep companies operating. For most e-commerce sites, consumers have the responsibility of creating their own passwords and often do so without guidance from the web site or system administrator. One fact is well known about password creation—consumers do not create long or complicated passwords because they cannot remember them. Through an empirical analysis, this paper examines whether the passwords created by individuals on an e-commerce site use either positive or negative password practices. This paper also addresses the issue of crack times in relationship to password choices. The results of this study will show the actual password practices of current consumers, which could enforce the need for systems administrators to recommend secure password practices on e-commerce sites and in general.     

基于RLWE的生物特征认证密钥交换协议

在后量子密码学中,针对密钥交换协议存在口令容易丢失以及难以实现相互认证的安全缺陷,提出了一个新的基于环上误差学习的生物特征认证密钥交换协议。该协议根据环上误差学习问题构造的密码体制具有密钥及密文尺寸短、运行效率高等优势,并采用生物特征和口令作为长期密钥,同时通过Peikert式错误协调机制从各自的环元素中协调出随机均匀的会话密钥,实现了服务器对客户的显式认证。性能分析结果表明,该方案可抵抗用户假冒攻击,安全属性更高,提高了通信效率。     

基于蓝牙和NFC的防泄露密码使用管理系统

随着密码使用越来越广泛,用户需要记忆大量复杂的密码来保证安全,密码的记忆和输入变得越来越困难。为此,文章提出了一种基于蓝牙NFC的防泄露密码使用管理系统的设计,帮助用户记忆大量密码以及方便输入,并采用NFC(近场通讯)身份验证、类似于KDC(密钥分配中心)的密钥分配机制、挂失机制等安全机制来保证用户的密码安全。测试结果表明该系统能有效地帮助用户记忆大量密码以及快捷地进行密码的输入,并用挂失等安全机制有效地保证用户的密码不被泄露。