基于改进型限幅平均滤波法的高精度称重系统研究

针对称重传感器采集数据过程中干扰信号对电子称重系统测量精度的影响,提出了一种基于改进型限幅平均滤波法的高精度称重系统的设计方案。该称重系统由数据采集、模数转换、处理器、存储单元、控制模块以及显示模块组成。并将限幅滤波法、中位值滤波法、滑动平均滤波法相结合,提出了既可消除采集数据中偶然性脉冲,又可抑制周期性干扰的改进型限幅平均滤波算法。通过对5 kg~50 kg重量范围内8组不同目标重量的测量实验,将使用与未使用该改进型限幅平均滤波法的称重系统进行了对比测试和分析。实验结果表明,使用该算法后系统的最大误差率为0.1%,比未使用该算法的系统精度提高了9倍。     

基于循环滤波的无线传感器网络室内定位

针对室内接收信号强度定位具有较大误差的情况,提出一种高效的循环加权递推平均滤波算法对测量信号进行滤波.对已测量数据使用最小二乘法进行拟合得到多项式模型,并使用极大似然估计进行定位.实验结果表明,所提出的循环加权递推平均滤波算法在计算量较小的情况下,能够有效提高测距精度,多项式拟合比对数距离路径损耗模型拟合定位精度更高.在室内环境下,提出的算法定位精度达到0.6m左右,接近节点物理性能所允许的最佳定位精度.     

自适应不完全重采样粒子滤波器

针对传统重采样算法易引起粒子贫化的问题,提出了自适应不完全重采样粒子滤波 (A particle filter based on adaptive part resampling, APRPF)算法. APRPF以分步的方式仅对部分粒子进行重采样,以递推的方式计算表征 粒子退化程度的度量函数(Measurement of particle degeneracy, MPD),直到满足给定条件.重采样后的粒子由新生粒子 和未参与重采样的粒子组成,前者的存在有助于缓解退化问题,后者可使粒子集保 持一定多样性.实验结果表明,与标准粒子滤波(Sampling importance resampling, SIR)、辅助变量粒子滤波(Auxiliary particle filter, APF)、正则化粒子滤波(Regularized particle filter, RPF) 三种滤波器相比, APRPF的估计精度高;由于平均重采样次数少,计算量也小.     

一种自适应确定性采样滤波方法

对确定性采样滤波方法进行了改进,提出了一种自适心确定性采样滤波方法.首先,分别推导得到了平稳噪声情况下递推形式的噪声统计参数估计算法,以及三种针对非平稳噪声统计参数的估计算法;然后,将所得到的噪声统计参数估计算法与确定性采样滤波方法相结合,得到自适应确定性采样滤波算法.仿真结果表明,当时变过程噪声统计参数未知时,利用本文所提出的自适应确定性采样滤波估计算法,仍然可以得到精度较高的估计结果.     

一种自适应图像去噪混合滤波方法

结合自适应中值滤波技术和自适应压缩加权均值滤波技术,提出了一种新的图像混合噪声滤波算法。算法首先对受混合噪声污染的图像利用灰度极值检测出脉冲噪声,运用自适应中值滤波滤除脉冲噪声;其次对处理结果进行自适应压缩的加权均值滤波。实验结果说明算法不仅能有效地滤除脉冲与高斯混合噪声,而且可以较好地保护图像细节。     

基于循环检测的气动退化图像混合域去噪算法

气动退化图像中存在先验信息未知以及噪声成分复杂不易进行滤波处理的问题,为此,提出一种气动退化图像混合域去噪算法。设计针对高斯噪声、泊松噪声、固定值脉冲噪声和随机值脉冲噪声的混合检测方法,使用改进的滤波方法在空域去除固定值脉冲噪声和随机值脉冲噪声,进行非下采样轮廓波变换多层分解,在变换域使用阈值方法去除高斯噪声和泊松噪声。进行噪声循环检测,设定迭代停止条件控制算法循环从而实现算法自适应。仿真实验结果表明,该算法的噪声检测性能和滤波性能较好,图像细节信息得到正确恢复。同时,算法复杂度较低,实时性较好,可满足气动退化图像去噪处理的需要。     

一种去除图像混合噪声的滤波算法

针对同时感染脉冲噪声和高斯噪声的混合噪声图像,以全变分去噪模型为基础,结合中值滤波技术,提出一种新的混合噪声滤波算法.该算法首先根据脉冲噪声的特点和像素的局部能量信息,分离出脉冲噪声并以改进中值滤波算法去除,然后对含有高斯噪声的图像采用自适应广义变分模型进行降噪处理.实验结果表明,该算法在有效滤除混合噪声的同时能很好地保护图像细节,为去除图像中的混合噪声提供了一种有效的途径.     

邻域自适应的三维点云滤波算法

针对现有的点云滤波算法存在的精度丢失和收缩的不足,提出邻域自适应选择的算法,有效地改善了点云滤波中丢失精度的问题.算法首先针对原始点和均值点滤波出现的收缩问题,提出混合增采样策略.其次采用邻域自适应选择保持特征部分的滤波精度.最后定义每个采样点以对应的似然函数,并按照其梯度方向进行迭代,通过最大似然估计得到最优滤波结果.实验部分表明,本文三维点云滤波算法对点云滤波精度的保持具有更好的效果.适用于工业生产与检测领域的三维扫描.     

基于线性动态系统的视频压缩感知自适应改进

线性动态系统的视频压缩感知(CS-LDS)是指从随机采样数据中直接估计出模型参数,然而对所有视频帧采取同样的采样方式,使得采样数据存在一定的时间冗余.针对这一问题,结合自适应压缩采样技术提出了一种自适应的改进算法.首先,对视频信号建立线性动态系统(LDS)模型;然后,通过自适应压缩采样方法得到视频信号的采样数据;最后,通过采样数据估计出系统模型参数,实现视频信号的重构.实验结果表明,在不影响视频重构质量的条件下,所提方法相对于CS-LDS算法,不仅能够节省统一测量过程中20%~40%的采样数据,而且平均每帧能够节省0.1~0.3 s的运行时间.改进后的算法降低了采样数目与算法运行时间.     

基于混合滤波的四轴飞行器的姿态解算

针对四轴飞行器的姿态解算出现的姿态角数据漂移问题,提出一种基于Mahony滤波和互补滤波相结合的混合滤波算法,将传感器采集到的加速度、角速度以及磁场强度数据进行融合,利用加速度计和磁力计的向量偏差来对姿态解算过程中陀螺仪产生的积分累计误差进行修正.最后,建立姿态解算测试平台对混合滤波算法进行实验验证.实验结果表明,采用混合滤波算法的一次迭代滤波所需的平均用时为3.826 ms,比其他算法的平均用时短,混合滤波能有效地修正陀螺仪的积分累计误差,在降低运算复杂度的同时提高姿态解算的精度.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Call for papers Special issue on Modeling and control technologies for civil,energy,and power systems

正The control of civil,energy,and power systems presents significant new challenges for modeling and control theory.The purpose of this special issue is to provide a forum for researchers and practical engineers to discuss the recent advances in modeling and control technology development for civil,energy,and power systems.Prospective authors are invited to submit their original contributions with the focus on theory or applications of modeling,control     

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正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate and promote academic exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists everywhere.