最优粒子增强探索粒子群算法

针对粒子群优化算法（Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO）存在收敛速度慢、寻优精度低和早熟收敛的问题,提出一种最优粒子增强探索粒子群算法（Optimal particle Enhanced Exploration Particle Swarm Optimization,OEEPSO）。OEEPSO将最优粒子在空间中的位置信息以二维一组划分,按4种方式计算每二维的适应值,选择适应值最小的方式更新对应维度的速度值和位置值。该策略加强了对最优粒子周围区域的探索,使粒子群能更快地向全局最优解靠近,提高了算法的收敛速度和求解精度。当算法陷入局部最优时,根据群体历史最优解的适应值,动态调整各粒子的速度值和位置值,使算法最终收敛到全局最优解。实验结果表明,OEEPSO具有收敛速度快、求解精度高的特点。     

多向学习自适应的粒子群算法

粒子群优化算法（PSO）是一种群体智能算法,通过粒子间的竞争和协作以实现在复杂搜索空间中寻找全局最优点。但基本PSO算法存在进化后期收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优点的缺点,提出了一种多向学习型的粒子群优化算法,该算法中粒子通过同时追随自己找到的最优解、随机的其他粒子同维度的最优解和整个群的最优解来完成速度更新,通过判别区域边界来完成位置优化更新,通过对全局最优位置进行小范围扰动,以增强算法跳出局部最优的能力。对几种典型函数的测试结果表明：改进后的粒子群算法明显改善了全局搜索能力,并且能够有效避免早熟收敛问题。算法使高维优化问题中全局最优解相对搜索空间位置的鲁棒性得到了明显提高,适合于求解同类问题,计算结果能满足实际工程的要求。     

多量子粒子群协同优化算法研究

针对标准粒子群优化（PSO）算法及其改进算法存在的局部收敛与收敛速度问题,提出了一种多量子粒子群协同优化（QPSCO）方法。该算法采用双层的多粒子群协同优化结构：用多个量子粒子群在底层独立地搜索解空间,同时引入参数变异策略,以扩大搜索范围;上层用1个量子粒子群追逐当前全局最优解,并对飞离搜索区域粒子的位置用新位置取代,以加快算法收敛。在此基础上,将该算法应用于实际控制系统低阶时滞对象的PID控制器设计中。仿真结果表明,QPSCO是一种有效的参数优化算法,与标准PSO、QPSO等算法相比具有更好的全局收敛性能。     

一种最优粒子逐维变异的粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群算法(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)容易陷入局部最优、收敛速度过慢、精度低等问题,提出一种新的变异策略,对全局最优粒子进行逐维的重心反向学习变异.逐维变异降低了维间干扰,通过更新全局最优位置引领粒子向更好的位置飞行,同时加强了种群的多样性.仿真实验与基于柯西变异的混合粒子群算法(HPSO)及重心反向粒子群优化算法(COPSO)在9个标准测试函数上进行了对比.实验表明逐维重心反向变异算法(DCOPSO)具有较高的收敛速度及精度.     

基于自适应惯性权重的均值粒子群优化算法

针对粒子收敛速度慢、搜索精度不高和算法性能在很大程度上依赖参数选取等缺点,提出了一种基于自适应惯性权重的均值粒子群优化算法。对算法中的惯性权重参数采用动态自适应变化方式,在迭代过程中根据粒子适应度差值将种群划分为三个等级,对不同等级的粒子采用不同的惯性权重策略,使粒子能根据自己所处的位置选择合适的惯性权重值,更快地收敛到全局最优位置;同时分别用个体极值和全局极值的线性组合取代PSO算法中的全局最优位置与个体最优位置。通过实验仿真与对比,验证了新算法性能优于标准PSO及其它一些改进的PSO算法,能够用较少的迭代次数找到最优解,具有更快的收敛速度和更高的收敛精度。     

基于吸引排斥机制的粒子群优化算法

针对标准粒子群优化算法在处理复杂函数优化问题时容易陷入局部最优、收敛精度低的缺点,提出了一种改进的PSO算法,该算法把生物学中的吸引排斥思想引入到PSO算法中,充分利用粒子间的相互影响,修正了其速度更新公式,从而维持了群体的多样性,增强了粒子跳出局部最优解的能力。实验仿真结果表明,改进的PSO算法提高了进化后期的收敛速度,有效避免了PSO算法的早熟收敛问题,而且具有较高的收敛精度。     

一种新的基于提高多样性的粒子群优化算法

提出了一种基于提高多样性的粒子群优化算法。在速度更新公式中,将比当前粒子适应度更高的其它所有粒子的个体最优位置信息进行加权学习;在位置更新公式中,利用真实物理反弹理论将解空间外的粒子反弹回解空间内。5个基准测试函数的仿真实验表明,该算法能有效克服PSO中的过早收敛问题,并显著提高粒子的多样性,同时有效控制粒子的进化速度。     

改进的SAMPSO的软件测试数据自动生成

针对软件测试数据的自动生成提出了一种简化的自适应变异的粒子群算法（SAMPSO）。该算法在运行过程中根据群体适应度方差以及当前最优解的大小来确定当前最佳粒子的变异概率,变异操作增强了粒子群优化算法前期全局搜索能力,去掉了粒子群优化（PSO）算法中进化方程的粒子速度项,仅由粒子位置控制进化过程,避免了由粒子速度项引起的粒子发散而导致后期收敛变慢和精度低问题。实验结果表明该算法在测试数据的自动生成上优于基本的粒子群算法,提高了效率。     

具有随机附加项的PSO改进算法

在粒子群算法的基础上引入第3方随机项:随机数和全局最优、自身最优的差值的乘积项,对算法中的速度-位置更新方程进行了改进,更好地保持粒子群的多样性,使算法可以不断地进化,提高算法的收敛速度,避免过早陷入局部最优解的现象.分别采用Sphere、Rosenbrock、Griewank和Rastrigrin4个标准函数对其进行测试.对比结果表明引入第3方随机项的PSO基本模型和收敛因子模型比传统模型的最优适宜度精度和优化收敛速度都有所提高.因此,改进的算法表现出更强的求解能力.     

一种带逆反的粒子群算法

粒子群算法（PSO）是一种典型的基于群体智能的优化算法，但其在速度较小时，容易陷入局部最优解；本文提出一种带逆反的粒子群算法（PSORTP），并对其全局收敛性进行了理论分析，证明该算法能够以概率1收敛于全局最优解，最后以典型的函数优化问题的仿真实验及与经典方法的PSO的对比，验证了PSORTP的有效性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate