综合文档语义与用户查询语义的XML关键字检索

为了解决XML关键字查询中语义信息丢失的问题,提出了一种语义相关的关键字检索方法。利用文档的半结构化特点提取文档隐含的语义,利用查询语法捕获用户查询意图,然后根据用户意图查询满足条件的元素,并结合文档语义,由最小最近公共祖先改进为语义相关实体子树集来表达查询结果。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效提高关键字检索结果的查准率。     

MXDR:一种基于关键字的XML多文档分布式检索方法

基于关键字的XML检索技术是近几年信息检索领域的研究热点.但是由于关键字缺少XML结构语义信息,检索结果和用户需求偏差较大,检索质量难以提高;而XML结构检索由于用户难以提出准确描述查询意图的查询表达式而难以普及.另一个更突出的问题是现有的XML检索研究绝大多数都集中在单文档上,缺乏实用性.因此提出一种基于关键字的结构检索方法,即用分布式方式实现对多XML文档的检索,简称为MXDR(Multi-XML Distributed Retrieval).MXDR首先用一种兼顾结构和内容的聚类方法对多文档进行分类,通过分析查询关键字和类别结构信息,确定分布查找策略,再结合查询关键字和XML的结构信息,构建结构查询语句,最后通过结构查询系统实现关键字检索.在多组真实数据Sigmod数据集上的验证结果表明,与经典的SLCA方法比较,MXDR方法具有较高的查全率和查准率,尤其在检索效率上MXDR方法有显著优势.     

基于Ontology的语义检索模型研究

针对基于关键字匹配的传统检索方法存在的不足,在检索过程中引入语义,提出一个基于本体的语义检索的模型。该模型将信息检索方法与语义查询技术相结合,通过基于本体的知识库实现对检索信息的语义查询。同时研究了语义检索的关键技术—本体的构建以及语义推理。     

Ropeway:基于语义相关的XML关键字搜索引擎

XML数据包含丰富的语义信息,但现有的大多数XML搜索引擎并未利用这一信息.如何利用XML数据的语义信息提高检索质量已成为当前研究所关注的问题.设计并实现了一个基于语义相关的XML关键字搜索引擎:Ropeway. 对于用户给定的关键字,Ropeway分析了XML数据的语义和用户信息需求,推断用户的查询主题,然后从XML数据中搜索与该主题相关的结果,并根据主题相似度对结果进行排序.结果证明: Ropeway具有良好的检索性能.     

本体在XML信息源集成中的应用

提出了一种应用本体解决XML信息集成中语义异构的方案,设计了一个基于本体(Ontology)的XML信息集成框架。同时介绍了一种本体表示方法,并通过本体到XML Schema的映射算法,实现了对XML信息源语义层次上的有效性验证。最后阐述了XML信息查询算法,使用户可以通过本体方便地对异构XML信息源进行查询。     

面向本体的语义相似度计算及在检索中的应用

检索是获取信息的重要方式。传统检索只停留在关键字异同的逻辑层面,忽略了语义层面的信息。以本体的知识组织体系为基础,以检索应用为目标,提出面向本体的文档和查询的语义向量表示方法,进而建立面向本体的相似度计算方法,为语义检索创造条件,检索结果关注语义层面的匹配。并在理论的指导下,进行实验和分析。     

一种基于Rough本体的信息检索方法

基于本体的信息检索是实现知识检索的有效途径,针对目前本体支持的形式化概念还不足以表示不完备知识的问题,提出一种基于Rough本体的信息检索方法,该方法中本体以本体信息系统的形式表示。用户提交关键字查询后,首先结合基于关键字检索的方法在预先定义的语义文档空间中搜索文档,然后利用关联搜索的方法来搜索与关键词关联的个体集和属性集,以属性集作为等价类构造Rough本体的近似空间,最后通过近似空间计算个体集和文档集的相似度,根据相似度高低对文档排序。实验表明,此方法比基于关键字和基于经典本体的方法有更高的查准率。     

一种基于XML文档关键字检索的结构索引

XML数据索引对其检索效率有较大的影响。在深入分析现有XMI、结构索引之后,结合XML文档特点,提出了一种基于关键字检索的结构索引--LSS(Level Structure Summary) . LSS采用了把具有相同标签路径的结点进行合并的策略,具有高效判断结点之间同构异构关系的能力。实现了LSS索引生成算法CSCAN,并在LSS索引的基础上设计了XML关键字检索算法LSSearch。该算法依据LSS索引,将各个关键字的原始倒排表集合分拆成不同类型的子集合,最后在所有子集合上进行查询。实验结果表明,LSS可以帮助减少XML文档中关键字倒排表的规模,提高检索效率。     

云计算下支持语义的可搜索加密方法研究

传统的云计算下的可搜索加密算法没有对查询关键词进行语义扩展,导致了用户查询意图与返回结果存在语义偏差,并且对检索结果的相关度排序不够合理,无法满足用户对智能搜索的需求。对此,提出了一种支持语义的可搜索加密方法。该方法利用本体知识库实现了用户查询的语义拓展,并通过语义相似度来控制扩展词的个数,防止因拓展词过多影响检索的精确度。同时,该方法利用文档向量、查询向量分块技术构造出对应的标记向量,以过滤无关文档,并在查询-文档的相似度得分中引入了语义相似度、关键词位置加权评分及关键词-文档相关度等影响因子,实现了检索结果的有效排序。实验结果表明,该方法在提高检索效率的基础上显著改善了检索结果的排序效果,提高了用户满意度。     

基于关键词语义扩展的检索策略

传统基于关键字匹配检索策略由于关键字的机械字符匹配和一词多义问题很容易造成漏检和错检。为此,从领域本体概念入手,结合关键字检索的特点,提出一种基于关键词语义扩展的检索策略。策略使用领域本体描述的语义结构扩展关键字匹配范围,避免完全机械的字符匹配造成的漏检,从而提高检索的查全率。在此基础上,利用领域本体中语义相关度过滤检索无关结果,以提高检索的查准率,并根据检索结果与本体语义相关度算法排序。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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