基于SIFT特征的遥感图像配准方法研究与实现

讨论了基于SIFT特征的遥感图像配准方法,重点介绍了基于特征点提取的算法描述以及针对基于特征点的遥感图像配准算法流程,并通过实验进行了验证。     

基于SIFT与Contourlet变换的高分辨遥感图像配准

针对高分辨遥感图像特征量较多的情况,提出一种基于SIFT与Contourlet变换相结合的图像配准算法。首先将图像进行Contourlet变换分解成低频和高频子带,对高频子带通过设定合适的阈值来提取图像边缘特征点,对低频子带进行SIFT特征点提取。将两者提取到的特征点分别匹配后得到粗匹配点对,利用随机抽样一致性(RANSAC)选择出精匹配点对,实现图像配准。实验表明:在多源遥感图像配准过程中,与基于非采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)和基于SIFT特征提取相比,该算法能够更准确地提取到特征点,具有更高的运算效率以及匹配率。     

大幅面多光谱遥感图像快速自动配准

针对大幅面多光谱遥感图像的配准需求,提出一种基于特征点的快速全自动配准方法。由于多光谱遥感图像的尺寸较大,计算量大,因此提出特征网格理论,即根据图像灰度值、信息熵值及特征分布均匀性准则,在二级规则网格中选取特征网格参与后续运算,以减小计算量。同时,该理论为SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform)特征点提取算法的并行运行及特征点初匹配方法的改进提供了条件,提高了算法的效率及配准精度。利用本算法对CBERS-02B拍摄的遥感图像进行了实验。结果表明,该方法能够达到亚像素级配准精度,且计算速度快,能够满足大幅面遥感图像处理的要求。     

具有SIFT描述的多尺度角点图像配准

角点含有丰富的图像结构信息,在图像配准中是广泛应用的图像特征。Harris算法是经典的角点提取算法,Harris角点对图像旋转具有不变性,但对尺度变化敏感,在有尺度变化的图像配准中,应用受限。仿照SIFT特征点提取过程,提出了一种多尺度角点提取方法,提取的多尺度角点对图像旋转和尺度变化有很好的适用性。并用SIFT描述子描述,用光学及SAR图像进行了配准实验。结果表明,与SIFT、Harris算法相比,本文方法在保证配准精度的基础上,配准时间减少40%以上,特征点在配准过程中的利用率提高一倍多。     

一种去冗余的SIFT特征提取方法

基于SIFT特征点的配准是图像配准领域里常采用的一种方法。但是,在复杂背景下,图像SIFT特征点通常量大且冗余,这会带来浪费存储空间、容易误配、配准耗时多等问题。针对这些缺点,提出了一种去冗余的SIFT特征提取算法。首先提取出SIFT特征点,然后根据特征点周边梯度情况,判断特征点是否落于目标区域,进而保留目标区域特征点,删除背景区域特征点,减少特征点数量的同时也实现了去冗余。提取所得的特征点质量好坏由落入目标区域的点数和落入背景区域的点数比例判断。实验结果表明,本算法减少了复杂背景下大量的干扰特征点。这将为后续的配准工作提高精度和效率。     

结合SIFT和Delaunay三角网的遥感图像配准算法

针对高分辨率遥感图像中提取的特征点数目过大且易存在误匹配点的问题,提出了一种粗配准和精配准相结合的高分辨率遥感图像配准算法.首先对图像降采样处理后,提取大尺度空间下的SIFT特征点,求得仿射变换模型完成图像粗配准;然后对图像进行分块,利用SIFT方法对每幅子块图像提取特征点,并找到对应子块图像之间的匹配点对;之后利用特征点构建Delaunay三角网,计算每对子块图像之间的三角形相似度,构成相似矩阵,从中挑选相似度大的三角形对以构成精确匹配点对;最后利用得到的精确匹配点对实现最终的图像配准.该算法能够减少提取的特征点数且剔除更多的错误匹配点,从而进一步提高精确匹配点率.实验结果表明了算法的有效性.     

遥感图像拼接系统

提出和实现了一种图像配准方法,利用OpenCV库开发了一个低空遥感图像拼接系统. 将SIFT作为图像拼接特征向量,实现了图像局部尺度空间中极值点的计算和SIFT特征点的提取. 使用特征向量的欧氏距离实现特征点的粗匹配,结合随机抽样一致RANSAC算法对匹配点进行优化,并精确估算出投影变换矩阵,实现两幅图像的拼接. 最后实现对重合区域的图像融合. 实验结果表明本文方法较好的解决了遥感图像中常出现的图像的平移、缩放、旋转等变换下的配准问题,达到较好的拼接效果.     

基于SIFT的遥感图像配准方法

针对多传感器遥感图像配准问题,改进了一种基于SIFT的图像自动配准方法.首先提取图像中适应尺度变化的局部不变特征点,提出了利用最近邻特征点距离与次近邻特征点距离之比的互对应约束得到初始匹配点对,然后利用RANSAC(Random Sample Concensus)算法删除误匹配特征点对.试验结果表明:该方法能够实现多传感器遥感图像和不同分辨率图像的自动配准.     

高分辨率遥感图像配准控制点均匀化算法

针对多源遥感图像普遍具有数据量大、辐射差异大等特征,而现有的图像配准算法无法直接应用于遥感图像自动配准处理中的问题,综合考虑控制点的密度和分布,提出了一种高分辨率遥感图像自动配准算法。首先,将待配准图像和参考图像降采样到单机可以处理的大小,利用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法建立降采样图像间的初始匹配;其次,将原始待配准图像按照网格分割为子图像,并利用初始匹配找到每幅子图像在参考图像上的对应子图像;再次,利用SIFT和极大稳定区域(MSER)特征点的空间互补性,在每一对子图像上提取大量特征点;最后,利用随机采样一致性(RANSAC)算法剔除误配后,采用基于最大团问题的贪心法进行控制点均匀化处理,进一步剔除冗余的控制点。与现有的基于SIFT特征和基于灰度的遥感图像配准算法相比,本算法在配准精度和控制点的分布均匀度等方面具有优越性。     

基于SIFT和NCC的多源遥感影像配准方法

针对多源遥感影像的配准,提出了一种结合SIFT算法和归一化互相关（NCC）匹配算法的配准方法。该方法采用SIFT算法提取特征点并进行匹配得到一定数量的特征点对后,利用SIFT特征点的尺度和方向信息对NCC进行改进,进一步从未能匹配的特征点中获取匹配点对,经粗差滤除后得到有效的匹配特征点对,随之进行影像配准。方法结合了SIFT算法和NCC算法的优点,解决了多源遥感影像因辐射差异和几何差异造成的难以正确配准的问题。实验结果表明,算法具有较强的鲁棒性,并取得了较好的配准精度。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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