带时间窗车辆路径问题的文化基因算法

针对物流配送中带时间窗的车辆路径问题（Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows,VRPTW）,建立了数学模型,并设计了求解VRPTW的文化基因算法。种群搜索采用遗传算法的进化模式,局部搜索采用禁忌搜索机制,并结合可行邻域结构避免对不可行解的搜索,以提高搜索效率。与单纯的遗传算法和禁忌搜索算法进行对比实验,表明该算法是求解VRPTW的一种有效方法。     

带时间窗车辆路径问题的多目标文化基因算法

针对物流配送中带时间窗的车辆路径问题,以最小化车辆使用数和行驶距离为目标,建立了多目标数学模型,提出了一种求解该问题的多目标文化基因算法。种群搜索采用遗传算法的进化模式和Pareto排序的选择方式,局部搜索采用禁忌搜索机制和存储池的结构,协调两者得到的Pareto非占优解的关系。与不带局部搜索的多目标遗传算法和单目标文化基因算法的对比实验表明,本文算法的求解质量较高。     

基于改进遗传算法的带时间窗VRP问题研究

带时间窗约束的VRP问题(VRPTW)属于NP-hard问题,采用改进遗传算法探索最优方案。首先分析了带时间窗VRP问题的一般数学模型,并采用罚函数的方法对时间窗约束进行处理;设计了带权重的适应度函数,并采用了基于基因库的跨世代精英选择算子、PMX交叉算子和局部爬山变异算子;最后通过仿真实验与传统遗传算法和自适应遗传算法进行了对比研究,仿真结果表明改进遗传算法在解决带时间窗VRP问题中具有较高收敛速度和全局搜索能力。     

基于多目标遗传算法求解时间窗车辆路径问题

有别于传统的单目标方法,将带时间窗约束的车辆路径问题描述成为一个多目标最优化问题,并为之提出了一种多目标遗传算法。在算法中设计了擂台法则作为构造非支配集的方法,提出了可变爬山率的局部爬山法,并通过将组合种群分成多层非支配集来实现精英保留策略。实验结果表明,该算法能有效地求解车辆路径问题并且为决策者提供了强有力的决策支持。     

新型遗传模拟退火算法求解带VRPTW问题

为了克服现有遗传算法不能有效求解时间窗车辆路径问题的缺陷,提出了一种由遗传算法结合模拟退火算法的混合算法求解该问题,并与遗传算法进行了比较。该算法利用了模拟退火算法具有较强的局部搜索能力的特性,有效地克服了传统遗传算法的“早熟收敛”问题。实验结果表明,该算法具有计算效率高、收敛速度快和求解质量优的特点,是解决车辆路径问题的有效方法。     

Decremental state space relaxation strategies and initialization heuristics for solving the Orienteering Problem with Time Windows with dynamic programming

We present an exact optimization algorithm for the Orienteering Problem with Time Windows (OPTW). The algorithm is based on bi-directional and bounded dynamic programming with decremental state space relaxation. We compare different strategies proposed in the literature to guide decremental state space relaxation: our experiments on instances derived from the literature show that there is no dominance between these strategies. We also propose a new heuristic technique to initialize the critical vertex set and we provide experimental evidence of its effectiveness.     

带工作时间与时间窗的开放式车辆路径问题

在BtoC电子商务物流配送活动中,配送公司外包车辆和配送人员上班具有时间限制。为求解带工作时间与时间窗约束的开放式车辆路径问题(OVRPTWWT),构建其混合整数规划模型,给出一种求解该问题的非代际克隆选择算法,对算法中抗体的更新与抑制策略进行改进,设计出新的克隆选择方法。通过实验验证了该模型与OVRPTWWT非代际克隆选择算法的有效性。     

带时间窗车辆路径问题的混合改进型蚂蚁算法

带时间窗车辆路径问题（VRPTW）是VRP的一种重要扩展类型,在蚂蚁算法思想基础上,设计用于求解该问题的混合改进型算法并求解Solomon标准数据库中的大量实例。经过大量数据测试并与其他启发式算法所得结果进行比较,获得了较好的效果。     

时间窗约束下的配送车辆调度问题研究

为解决时间窗约束下的物流配送车辆的多目标调度优化问题,给出了一种基于免疫计算的配送车辆调度优化方案。设计了配送车辆调度问题的数学模型和一种基于非劣邻域支配的多目标调度优化算法,在仿真环境下进行了实验。实验结果表明,算法能够有效地解决物流配送车辆调度问题,具有较好的应用价值。     

带时间窗车辆路径问题的改进蚁群算法研究

针对带时间窗车辆路径问题，论文通过增加虚拟配送中心的数量，改进蚁群算法，从而将VRPTW问题转化为TSP问题进行求解，使每只蚂蚁都可以构建一条可行路径，避免在该问题中以往常由多只蚂蚁协同合作来构造解的低效性，通过实验计算表明该方法是可行的。     

Application of Multiagent Technologies to Multiple Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows

In this paper, a multiagent approach to the Multiple Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (MDVRPTW) is presented. A multiagent system of interacting trucks, depots and orders is considered. For limiting the intensity of negotiations, a Delaunay triangulation-based scene structure is proposed. As demonstrated below, the solutions obtained by the new algorithm vary by 10–30% from the well-known best counterparts; however, the speed of calculations is considerably higher, and hence the new algorithm can be applied in real-time systems.     

带时间窗车辆路径问题的差分进化混合算法

研究了带时间窗的车辆路径问题(Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows,VRPTW),建立了数学模型,并设计了求解VRPTW的离散差分进化混合算法。算法采用随机车辆配载方法构造初始解,并通过构造新的变异和交叉算子进行改进。进一步,利用插入可行邻域和2-Opt可行邻域两种搜索可行解的邻域结构,引入禁忌搜索进一步进行局部搜索以提高算法的寻优能力。实验结果表明该算法是求解VRPTW的一种有效方法。     

带时间窗的粮食物流车辆路径问题的研究

带时间窗的粮食物流车辆路径问题是一个典型的NP—难问题。针对粮食物流批量大、多点对多点等特点,建立了带时间窗的粮食物流车辆路径问题（Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows,VRPTM）的数学模型,进一步构造粒子群算法（Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO）用于问题求解,并将求解结果与遗传算法进行比较。结果表明,粒子群算法可以快速、有效地求得带时间窗的粮食物流车辆路径问题的优化解,降低配送成本。     

多车型绿色车辆路径问题优化模型

为降低物流配送过程中车辆产生的废气污染,在传统带时间窗车辆路径问题（VRPTW）的基础上,从节能减排的角度出发,引入了油耗和碳排放量的近似计算方法,建立了带时间窗的多车型绿色车辆路径问题模型（G-MVRPTW）。该模型将总成本最小作为优化目标来寻找环境友好型绿色路径,同时设计了改进的禁忌搜索算法求解该问题。该算法在初始解和邻域解的生成时,规定子路径内客户序号顺序按照各个客户点最迟开始服务时间和时间窗大小升序排列。同时,通过最少子路径、子路径总费用和超载量三个指标,改进了解的评价函数,并采用了减少早熟可能性的机制。最后,通过数值实验验证了所提模型和算法的有效性和可行性。实验结果表明,吨公里指标能更好衡量油耗和碳排放成本,新能源车投入运输市场将是新的趋势,可为低碳运输及管理提供决策支持和方法指导。     

A traveling salesman problem with pickups and deliveries,time windows and draft limits: Case study from chemical shipping

This paper introduces and studies a real in-port ship routing and scheduling problem faced by chemical shipping companies. We show that this problem can be modeled as a Traveling Salesman Problem with Pickups and Deliveries, Time Windows and Draft Limits (TSPPD-TWDL). We propose a mathematical formulation for the TSPPD-TWDL and suggest a solution method based on forward dynamic programming (DP) to solve the problem. A set of label extension rules are also proposed to accelerate and enhance the performance of the algorithm. Computational studies show that the label extension rules are essential to the DP-algorithm, and the proposed solution method is able to solve real-sized in-port routing and scheduling problems in chemical shipping efficiently.     

求解带硬时间窗车辆路径问题的自适应蚁群算法

蚁群算法具有较强的鲁棒性和优良的分布式计算机制.研究重点是对现有的求解带硬时间窗的车辆路径问题VRP-H(Vehicle Routing Problem with Hard Time Windows)的蚁群算法作出更好的改进,使得算法的计算效率更高且得到的解更优,提出了蚁群算法的改进算法-改进的自适应蚁群算法.该算法先用自适应蚁群算法对VRP-H求得一个可行解,再利用多种改善方法对初始解进一步优化,从而得到最优解.测试时选用Solomon提出的题库,结果表明该算法能够有效地求解VRP-H.     

可选时间窗VRP的禁忌搜索算法

车辆调度问题（VRP）是广泛应用于物流配送等领域的一类组合优化问题。对实际中广泛存在的可选时间窗的车辆调度问题（VRPATW）进行了研究,建立了VRPATW问题的数学模型,并利用PFIH算法和禁忌搜索的混合算法进行求解,最后通过实验说明此算法解决VRPATW问题的有效性和可行性。     

An Ant Colony algorithm hybridized with insertion heuristics for the Time Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows

This paper presents an Ant Colony System algorithm hybridized with insertion heuristics for the Time-Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (TDVRPTW). In the TDVRPTW a fleet of vehicles must deliver goods to a set of customers, time window constraints of the customers must be respected and the fact that the travel time between two points depends on the time of departure has to be taken into account. The latter assumption is particularly important in an urban context where the traffic plays a significant role.     

An integer programming approach for the time-dependent traveling salesman problem with time windows

Congestion in large cities and populated areas is one of the major challenges in urban logistics, and should be addressed at different planning and operational levels. The Time Dependent Travelling Salesman Problem (TDTSP) is a generalization of the well known Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) where the travel times are not assumed to be constant along the day. The motivation to consider the time dependency factor is that it enables to have better approximations to many problems arising from practice. In this paper, we consider the Time-Dependent Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows (TDTSP-TW), where the time dependence is captured by considering variable average travel speeds. We propose an Integer Linear Programming model for the problem and develop an exact algorithm, which is compared on benchmark instances with another approach from the related literature. The results show that the approach is able to solve instances with up to 40 customers.     

An adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic for the Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows and Scheduled Lines

The Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows and Scheduled Lines (PDPTW-SL) concerns scheduling a set of vehicles to serve freight requests such that a part of the journey can be carried out on a scheduled public transportation line. Due to the complexity of the problem, which is NP-hard, we propose an Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) heuristic algorithm to solve the PDPTW-SL. Complex aspects such as fixed lines׳ schedules, synchronization and time-windows constraints are efficiently considered in the proposed algorithm. Results of extensive computational experiments show that the ALNS is highly effective in finding good-quality solutions on the generated PDPTW-SL instances with up to 100 freight requests that reasonably represent real life situations.