基于Unity3D的计算机虚拟试衣测量系统设计与实现

在Unity3D引擎环境下,针对虚拟试衣系统中由建模法生成的人体模型难以实现大量个性化定制的问题,提出了一种使用BlendShape算法调整人体各局部特征尺寸,并通过人体特征轮廓曲线约束调整过程的解决方案。该方案由一个基础人体模型向一组极限模型进行过渡变形得到大量个性化人体。为了实现动态试衣,研究了服装基于弹簧-质点模型的布料仿真与碰撞处理过程,由Verlet积分求解的特殊性,通过一组球形碰撞器实现了不同体型的人体模型试穿相同的服装,其结果相较于静态着装避免了穿透现象并提升了真实感。     

基于物理引擎PhysX的3D试衣系统的设计与实现

为了实现3D试衣功能及解决虚拟试衣建模算法时间复杂度比较大的问题,该文结合虚拟现实等技术,首先用弹簧-质点模型对服装布料进行建模,然后以牛顿第二定律为理论基础分析以质点-弹簧模型建模的服装布料的受力情况,结合以GPU为基础的物理引擎PhysX,建立3D试衣间,仿真服装布料与人体模型的运动交互状况。最后加入人体模型调整、选衣、试衣等功能。该系统在Windows平台下,利用VisualStudio2008设计开发,结合虚拟现实等技术的综合应用,建立了一套包括选衣、试衣、人体参数调整等功能的3D试衣系统。     

基于弹簧质点模型的二维/三维映射算法*

提出了一种用于服装设计的二维/三维映射算法.该算法基于弹簧质点变形模型,服装裁剪片二维到三维映射及三维到二维映射可以在该模型中得到统一的实现.在服装裁剪片二维到三维的映射过程中,二维裁剪片被放置在人体模型附近的初始位置,在缝合力的作用下,裁剪片自动变形并缝合到人体模型上.在服装裁剪片三维到二维映射的过程中,三维裁剪片被初始映射到指定的平面内,在弹性变形力的作用下,逐步变形并得到最终的二维裁剪片.在进行服装裁剪片二维到三维映射的过程中,考虑了干涉检验的问题.     

通用三维服装模型的强约束动态仿真方法

随着三维游戏和虚拟试衣要求的不断提高,服装仿真已经从布料模拟向服装动态模拟的方向发展,具有真实性、实时性、通用性与交互性的服装仿真技术有很强的研究和实用价值。针对目前算法研究中普遍存在的实时性与通用性不足,提出了一种针对任意三维服装模型的实时仿真方法,将模型顶点和三角面映射为质点的弹簧模型,以克服传统的布料解算器对三维模型的网格限制。利用简便易行的Verlet积分器提高运算效率,并对质点间的形变进行强约束补偿,防止过拉伸(超弹)现象的发生,提高了系统的稳定性。通过实验验证了算法的高效性和可靠性,并可方便地以插件或模块形式与其它软件整合。     

服装CAD中个性化三维人体建模

针对三维服装仿真中对各种不同体态特征的人体模型的需求,给出了一种个性化三维人体建模方法。首先对一系列具有不同特征尺寸的成年女性的人体扫描数据进行简化处理,建立具有一致拓扑的人体模型;然后根据不同人体的对应数据点及其相应的特征尺寸,生成各个简化数据点随特征尺寸变化的规律。利用此变化特性,对参考人体模型进行变形得到新尺寸下的人体模型。该方法已在所开发的三维虚拟试衣系统实现,并取得了较为理想的试验效果。     

面向服装CAD的多因素驱动人体模型变形技术研究

在以人体模型为基础的3维服装CAD系统中,为了获得设计师所需形体尺寸各异的人体模型,提出了一种多因素驱动人体模型变形的方法.该方法将人体模型的变形驱动因素分为尺寸因素、姿态因素和局部体形因素3类,并相应地提出了尺寸驱动、姿态驱动及局部体形驱动的人体模型变形算法.其中尺寸驱动采用基于截面环的 算法和基于模板插值的算法,通过对人体特征尺寸进行改变来驱动人体变形;姿态驱动是通过关节变形算法来实现特定姿态的变形,并通过建立姿态库,以实现快速姿态匹配;局部体形驱动包括基于特征面尺寸和基于特征面形状的调整,以得到具有局部特征的人体.实例表明,该方法可对已有的人体进行快速变形,以获得用户所需的人体模型,从而满足了服装CAD中对人体模型的多样性需求.     

基于VC 6.0和OpenGL的三维试衣系统研究*

提出了采用基于特征匹配的方法实现三维试衣效果的展示。首先提取Poser 6.0中的三维人体模型和服装模型数据;然后通过三维网格模型的曲率特征在人体模型与服装模型之间建立映射关系来完成匹配,这个过程是一种刚体变换即获取旋转矩阵和平移矢量两部分;最后在VC++ 6.0的开发环境下,利用OpenGL强大的三维建模功能实现了三维试衣平台的搭建。该平台不但可以帮助顾客快速、准确地完成服装款式的选择和试穿,而且为服装产品的个性化设计和网上销售提供了有力的支持。     

人体头部变形模型研究

针对传统几何造型呆板静态的缺点,在人体头部模型中提出采用基于简化弹簧质点系统的物理建模技术。研究了简化弹簧质点系统的质点受力计算和方程组求解技术。根据人体头部特点,作特征参数化处理,并将头表面简化成由弹簧连接的线弹性质点系统。经实验,该变形模型能实时计算描述动态变形过程,达到了较好的仿真显示效果。     

基于分层自适应变形的服装重用性研究

针对在静态三维服装仿真过程中三维服装穿在变形后的人体模型或者不同的人体模型身上时它们之间常常会产生穿透现象的问题, 提出一种基于分层自适应变形的服装变形方法。该方法首先进行服装与人体在高度上的匹配, 然后对服装与人体同时进行分层; 对每层中的人体与服装进行碰撞检测查找穿透点, 并且对每层中的穿透点进行处理以消除穿透; 最终能够使服装适合人体模型, 并且有效地解决出现的穿透现象。实验结果表明, 该方法在提高每一套服装重用性方面十分有效。     

结合一种面-面碰撞检测算法的服装动态模拟

实时的服装动态模拟一直是计算机动画的研究热点。在回顾弹性模型及其碰撞问题的相关研究工作的基础上，采用基于质点－弹簧模型的动态模拟方法，产生了虚拟3D模特表面的服装动态效果。其中考虑了织物的非理想弹性属性和变化的空气流作用力，并针对系统实现的瓶颈－服装和人体的碰撞问题，提出一种碰撞检测算法。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.