基于垂直平分线的非测距定位算法

在无线传感器网络定位机制中,近似三角形内点测试(APIT)定位算法因思想简单、硬件成本低、定位精度高而被广泛应用,但算法性能会因锚节点分布不均匀受到严重影响;为提高节点定位精度和解决APIT定位算法边缘效应的问题,提出一种基于垂直平分线的非测距定位算法;该算法利用接收信号强度指示值(RSSI)值筛选锚节点并与等腰三角形底边中垂线过顶点的几何原理结合进行定位,可以得到比较合理的定理精度,性能相对稳定;仿真结果表明,该算法可有效提高无线传感器网络定位的精度和覆盖率。     

无线传感器网络节点定位加权校正模型

为了降低定位算法本身和接收信号强度指示(RSSI)所产生的误差对定位精度的影响,在以往的定位算法(如利用高斯—马尔可夫模型定位)中加入校正机制,并将移动锚节点和固定锚节点定位技术相结合,提出了一种基于加权的校正模型和算法。仿真结果表明,采用加权校正模型有效地提高了节点定位精度,与采用高斯—马尔可夫模型定位相比较,定位精度提高了36.2%。     

基于三角形理论的无线传感器网络定位算法

针对基于垂直平分线的区域定位算法(MBLA)存在定位精度低、迭代次数多的缺点,提出了基于三角形理论的区域定位算法(TBLA)。该算法以参与定位的两个锚节点连线作为一条边,以待定位节点与这两个锚节点的RSSI测距值作为另两条边构造三角形,然后根据三角形的形状进行定位。仿真结果表明,在相同通信半径下,TBLA定位误差只是MBLA的1/5,迭代次数减少了2/3以上,具有较高的应用价值。     

无线传感器网络中改进的DV-Hop算法

针对传统DV-Hop算法中定位精度低的问题,该算法从三个方面进行改进,（1）设置距离发射端标准一跳时节点所接收的接收信号强度指示（RSSI）值,利用节点接收信号的RSSI值与设置的RSSI值之间的比来修正跳数。（2）将未知节点的平均跳距分两段考虑,使未知节点到锚节点的估计距离更精确。（3）构造校正向量,对未知节点的估计坐标进行校正。仿真实验表明改进算法的定位精度明显高于传统DV-Hop算法和文献[6]基于RSSI比值修正的算法,稳定性也有一定的提升。     

基于组合测距的无线传感器网络自定位算法

针对如何在锚节点密度较低的情况下提高无线传感器网络中节点自定位精度的问题,本文提出了一种基于RSSI和TDOA组合测距的加权质心定位算法.该算法分别对传统RSSI和TDOA测距模型增加了校验参数及温度补偿,将未知节点与锚节点间距离估计值的倒数作为权值参数,再利用加权质心算法计算出未知节点的位置坐标.硬件试验表明室内环境中基于改进RSSI测距模型的定位算法相比于传统RSSI质心定位算法的误差改进比率为56.2%,仿真结果显示基于组合测距的定位算法在锚节点密度较低时也能达到较高的定位精度.     

基于RSSI校正的无线传感器网络定位算法

为了使接收信号强度指示（RSSI）的测量误差对节点定位精度的影响程度达到最小化,提出一种基于RSSI高斯加权校正的质心定位算法.首先通过高斯函数滤去偏差较大的RSSI值,然后再对余下的RSSI值加权计算得到优化的RSSI测量值,并利用测量到的RSSI值计算出锚节点与未知节点之间的距离,然后根据计算出的距离对锚节点坐标加权,并通过质心定位算法求出未知节点的位置坐标.仿真实验表明：该算法相比基于RSSI的质心定位算法,定位覆盖率提升3％～6％,平均定位误差至少减少4％,是一种定位精度更高的算法.     

基于改进的RSSI无线传感器网络节点定位算法研究

研究无线传感器网络节点定位问题。接收信号强度值(RSSI)直接影响无线传感器网络节点定位准确度,而现有定位算法没有考虑锚节点的RSSI消息,造成节点定位精度低。为了提高无线传感器网络节点的定位精度,提出了一种基于RSSI的质心定位算法。首先通过无线信号强度计算出节点间RSSI值,然后把RSSI值转换成质心算法权值,最后采用质心定位算法对待测节点位置进行估计,获得节点的准确位置。仿真实验结果表明,与现有质心定位算法相比,基于RSSI的质心定位算法在不增加成本、通信功耗的情况下,提高了节点定位精度,降低了定位误差,适合各种规模的无线传感器网络的节点定位。     

天线分集技术在WSNs定位中的应用

针对基于接收信号强度指示（RSSI）的定位算法中根据RSSI测距误差较大的问题,提出了在锚节点上使用天线分集技术的方法。该方法在锚节点上安装2根天线,天线互成90°,采用空间分集。锚节点在接收未知节点广播信号时,选择2根天线中信号强的天线接收信号,并记录RSSI值。实验证明：在锚节点上引入天线分集技术,可以降低无线信号多径衰落的影响,提高RSSI值的稳定性,减小了测距误差,提高了定位精度。     

基于新的锚传感器节点的WSNs列车定位算法

针对传统列车定位算法中存在的接收信号强度指示(RSSI)数据易受环境影响、定位时延滞后、定位误差较大等问题,研究了轨旁锚传感器不同的部署方式以及锚传感器的通信半径对列车定位精度带来的影响.提出了一种基于新的传感器锚节点的列车定位算法,利用网关传感器采集到的轨旁锚传感器RSSI值,优选后得到新的锚传感器节点的权重和位置坐标,新的锚传感器节点更加接近列车的实际位置,能够有效降低定位误差.仿真结果表明:与传统的加权RSSI列车定位算法相比,新算法对列车的定位效果有了进一步改善,定位精度明显提高.     

WSN中改进的MCB移动节点定位算法

考虑到蒙特卡洛盒移动节点定位算法中存在的定位精度低的缺陷,提出一种改进的基于RSSI的MCB定位算法。该算法依据节点接收的RSSI值缩小锚盒子区域;利用二次牛顿插值法预测节点运动轨迹,估算移动速度,进一步获取有效采样区域;然后依据采样盒大小自适应确定采样个数,避免多余样本的采集;最后借鉴遗传算法中交叉和变异思想优化采集过程。实验仿真结果表明在不同锚节点密度情况下,改进后的移动节点算法的定位精度始终优于传统MCB算法。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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