缺省逻辑的累积性变种的扩张特征

Ｇｉｏｒｄａｎｏ提出了Ｒｅｉｔｅｒ的缺省逻辑（ＤＬ）的两个新变种：ＣＡＤＬ（ＣｏｍｍｉｔｍｅｎｔｔｏＡｓｓｕｐｔｉｏｎｓＤｅｆａｕｌｔＬｏｇｉｃ）ＱＤＬ（Ｑｕｓａｓｉ－ＤｅｆａｕｌｔＬｏｇｉｃ）它们都具有累积性，但不再具半单调性，ＱＤＬ甚于不再承诺预设（Ｃｏｍｍｉｔｔｏａｓｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｓ）本文基于我们已经导出的ＣＤＬ（ＣｕｍｍｕｌａｔｉｖｅＤｅｆａｕｌｔＬｏｇｉｃ）与ＤＬ扩张的特征，通过建立Ｃ     

ICQ使用小窍门

当前全球流行的网上寻呼机当然就是ＩＣＱ了，在使用的过程中大家可以掌握一些小技巧，使用起来更好玩，更有趣、现在先教大家的是ＩＣＱ隐形时的使用窍门，当我们将自己设置为隐形状态（ｉｎｖｉｓｉｂｌｅ）时，又希望让用户清单中的某位朋友知道自己在线，我们可以通过以下步骤来达到：用鼠标点击用户名，选择Ａｌｅｒｔ／ＡｃｃｅｐｔＭｏｄｅｓ，在Ｓｔａｔｕｓ标签中勾选Ｖｉｓｉｂｌｅ，这样便行了。如果想和某位朋友共享自己的ＩＣＱ联系清单，选择该用户名，在菜单中点击Ｃｏｎｔａｃｔｓ，然后勾选联系清单中的用户，最后点击发送…     

如何不安装ICQ也能传送信息?

如果你的朋友没有安装ＩＣＱ，或者在没有安装ＩＣＱ的电脑上，是否也一样可以通过ＩＣＱ来传送信息呢？答案当然是肯定的，而且方法不只一种。 方法一：使用电子邮件。要使用电子邮件来传送ＩＣＱ信息，邮件地址可填上你的ＩＣＱＩＤ＠ｐａｇｅｒ．ｍｉｒａｂｉｌｉｓ．ｃｏｍ（如１２３４５６７８＠ ｐａｇｅｒ．ｍｉｒａｂｉｌｉｓ． ｃｏｍ）。健入主旨，而内文最多可输入４５０个字节。以后，信息会经ＩＣＱ的服务器直接传送到你的ＩＣＱ号码上，当你上网时就会即时收到信息。唯一要注意的是：如果你在ＩＣＱ收到以邮件传送的信息，你…     

基于Q-M图启发式搜索的移动机器人全局路径规划

本文采用Ｑｕｉｎｅ－ＭｃＣｌｕｓｋｅｙ（Ｑ－Ｍ）提出的用逻辑方法寻找素蕴涵（ｐｒｉｍｅｉｍｐｌｉｃａｎｔｓ）的思想，提取给定环境中所有基本矩形自由区域（ｐｒｉｍｅｒｅｃｔａｎｇｌｅｆｒｅｅａｒｅａ），并将这些区域表示为连通图（我们称之为Ｑ－Ｍ图）的节点．提出首先使用双向Ａ算法搜寻连通图中的最优节点路径，然后采用超前尽可能多个节点的思想规划实际几何路径．通过仿真研究表明，本文提出的方法计算简单，规划的路径可以达到或接近最优路径．     

高级保安自动存取控制系统

高级保安自动存取控制系统自动保密安全技术和管理系统是一高科技产品。这种系统通常称之为“自动存取控制系统（ＡｃｃｅｓｓＣｏｎｔｒｏｌＳｙｓｔｅｍｓ）”。在发达的美国等西方国家，自动保密安全／存取控制系统已被应用于不同的场合（例如，办公大楼、仓库、公司行...     

读者热线

ＱＡＱＡＱＡＱ在某些工作站（如 :ＮＯＶＥＬＬ无盘站、Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５工作站）的ＵＣＤＯＳ环境下 ,用ＥＤＩＴ编辑文件 &ｌｄｑｕｏ ;死机 &ｒｄｑｕｏ（其实部分功能键还有反应） ,造成编辑无法进行 ,也无法保存已编辑的内容。请问是何原因？如何解决？期待您的回复。（福建张芝）在有盘或无盘Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９Ｘ工作站上使用ＵＣ ＤＯＳ ,请使用ＵＣＤＯＳ９８或ＵＣＤＯＳ９８Ｂ版。具体方法是在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９Ｘ工作站上先安装好ＵＣＤＯＳ７．０ ,再将ＵＣＤＯＳ９８或ＵＣＤＯＳ９８Ｂ版的所有文件（包括子目录）都拷贝到已…     

最佳中文网络寻呼机──OICQ

网络寻呼机是一种在互联网上即时交流信息 的工具,业界人士认为随着网络的不断普及,网上寻呼极有可能将成为继电子邮件和电话后的又一种主流通讯方式,因而网上寻呼（ＩｎｓｔａｎｔＭｅｓｓａｇｉｎｇ,有时也说成即时信息发送）被许多ＩＴ业观察家视作互联网世界下一个兵家必争之地。目前网上寻呼软件有ＩＣＱ、ｉＣｈａｔ　Ｐａｇｅｒ、ＡＩＭ等,中文的也有ＰＩＣＱ、ＰＣＩＣＱ、新浪寻呼（Ｓｉｎａ　Ｐａｇｅｒ）和网 际精灵（ＮｅｔＳｐｒｉｔｅ）等 等。他们各具特色,都 有着为数众多的用 户,然而华语圈内最 好的 ＩＣＱ类软件…     

美国康泰公司SmartMux^TM集散控制系统

美国康泰公司ＳｍａｒｔＭｕｘ￣（ＴＭ）集散控制系统（１０００２２北京工业大学电子工程学系）张秀华，祁麟美国ＱｕａｔｅｃｈＩｎｃ．与ＷＲＣ（ＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＲｅｓｅｒｖｅＣｏｎｔｒｏｌｓ）公司于九十年代初期推出的新一代ＳｍａｒｔＭｕｘ工业集散控制系统（Ｄ...     

分布式控制系统在热水锅炉上的应用

分布式控制系统在热水锅炉上的应用（１０００８３北京９２７信箱一分箱华胜自动化工程部）李峥一、引言分布式控制系统，亦称为集散型控制系统（ＤｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄＣｏｎｔｒｏｌｓｙｓｔｅｍ－ＤＣＳ），是利用计算机技术对生产过程进行集中监视、操作、管理和分散...     

Reactive程序及其相应神经网络上的学习率计算

论述了Ｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅ程序及其对应的具有ＴＬＵＳ（Ｔｈｒｅｓｈｏｌｄ Ｌｏｇｉｃ Ｕｎｉｔｓ）结构的神经网络的权修改规则，并讨论了Ｑ值反馈延迟加强学习方法。     

Geometrically (Q,S, R)‐Incremental Dissipativity and Incremental Stability for Switched Time‐Varying Nonlinear Discrete‐Time Systems

This paper investigates geometrically (Q,S,R)‐incremental dissipativity and incremental stability for switched time‐varying nonlinear discrete‐time systems. A geometrically (Q,S,R)‐incremental dissipativity concept is proposed for switched nonlinear discrete‐time systems by using multiple storage functions and multiple incremental supply rate. Furthermore, the sufficient conditions of geometrically (Q,S,R)‐incremental dissipativity are given under the design of state‐dependent switching law. The incremental stability conditions are derived for geometrically (Q,S,R)‐incrementally dissipative switched systems. By designing of a composite state‐dependent switching law, the feedback interconnected switched systems are ensured to be geometrically (Q,S,R)‐incrementally dissipative. A numerical example is given to illustrate the validity of the proposed approach.     

线性离散时滞系统鲁棒严格耗散控制

提出线性离散时滞系统的耗散控制问题,研究无记忆状态反馈控制律存在的条件及 相应的控制器设计方法,以使相应的闭环系统渐近稳定,同时具有严格(Q,S,R)-耗散性.进 一步考虑耗散的不确定性,研究不确定系统鲁棒严格耗散控制的分析与综合问题.结果表明, 鲁棒耗散控制器存在的条件和综合问题等价于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的可解性问题.     

Performance analysis of a distributed question/answering system

The problem of question/answering (Q/A) is to find answers to open-domain questions by searching large collections of documents. Unlike information retrieval systems very common today in the form of Internet search engines, Q/A systems do not retrieve documents, but instead provide short, relevant answers located in small fragments of text. This enhanced functionality comes with a price: Q/A systems are significantly slower and require more hardware resources than information retrieval systems. This paper proposes a distributed Q/A architecture that enhances the system throughput through the exploitation of interquestion parallelism and dynamic load balancing and reduces the individual question response time through the exploitation of intraquestion parallelism. Inter and intraquestion parallelism are both exploited using several scheduling points: one before the Q/A task is started and two embedded in the Q/A task. An analytical performance model is introduced. The model analyzes both the interquestion parallelism overhead generated by the migration of questions and the intraquestion parallelism overhead generated by the partitioning of the Q/A task. The analytical model indicates that both question migration and partitioning are required for a high-performance system     

Exponential quasi‐(Q,S,R)‐dissipativity and practical stability for switched nonlinear systems

In this paper, the problems of exponential quasi‐(Q,S,R)‐dissipativity and practical stability analysis for a switched nonlinear system are addressed. First, the concept of exponential quasi‐(Q,S,R)‐dissipativity for switched nonlinear systems without requiring the exponential quasi‐(Q,S,R)‐dissipativity property of each subsystem is proposed. Then, we show that an exponentially quasi‐(Q,S,R)‐dissipative switched nonlinear system is practically stable. Second, this exponential quasi‐(Q,S,R)‐ dissipativity property for a switched nonlinear system is obtained by the design of a state‐dependent switching law. Third, a composite state‐dependent switching law is designed to render the feedback interconnection of switched nonlinear systems exponentially quasi‐(Q,S,R)‐dissipative. This switching law allows interconnected switched nonlinear systems to switch asynchronously. Finally, the effectiveness of the results is verified by a numerical example.     

Training Multiagent Systems by Q‐Learning: Approaches and Empirical Results

Multiagent systems are increasingly present in computational environments. However, the problem of agent design or control is an open research field. Reinforcement learning approaches offer solutions that allow autonomous learning with minimal supervision. The Q‐learning algorithm is a model‐free reinforcement learning solution that has proven its usefulness in single‐agent domains; however, it suffers from dimensionality curse when applied to multiagent systems. In this article, we discuss two approaches, namely TRQ‐learning and distributed Q‐learning, that overcome the limitations of Q‐learning offering feasible solutions. We test these approaches in two separate domains. The first is the control of a hose by a team of robots. The second is the trash disposal problem. Computational results show the effectiveness of Q‐learning solutions to multiagent systems’ control.     

Design and Comparison Base Analysis of Adaptive Estimator for Completely Unknown Linear Systems in the Presence of OE Noise and Constant Input Time Delay

In this paper, an adaptive estimator (AE) is introduced to learn the approximate Q‐function and control policy by only using the noisy states and control signals of the unknown linear, discrete time systems having constant input time delay. The system measurements are uncertain owing to output error (OE)‐type noise acting randomly on the system measurements. Therefore, this research differs from the designed AE in the literature since previous research ignores the role of the external random disturbances on AE‐based learning. In order to compare the AE‐based learning results with traditional system identification (SI) approaches, a modified version of the OE model structure for unstable systems is reviewed and parameters of a second‐order unstable system with constant input time delay are identified. The simulation results demonstrate that the designed AE efficiently minimizes the stochastic cost function and the temporal difference error by learning the approximate solution for the Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman (HJB) equation. It is noted that the error in the Q‐function obtained with the AE is slightly larger than the Q‐function attained with the identified OE parameters. However, as the noise standard deviation increases, the error in the AE‐based learning results reduces whereas the error in the OE‐based learning increases. This indicates that even though the added random noise deteriorates the performance of the OE predictor, it improves the learning efficiency of the AE since it acts like exploration noise.     

线性时滞系统的耗散控制

研究了一类线性时滞系统的二次耗散控制问题,基于线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法导出了耗散控制器存在的充分条件,通过线性矩阵不等式的可行解构造出耗散态状态反馈和动态输出反馈控制律,相应的闭环系统是二次稳定和严格（Q,S,R）耗散的,本文的主要贡献是统一了线性时滞系统现有的H∞控制和无源控制结果。     

基于LQR的直升机最优控制系统的设计

设计了直升机LQR最优控制系统，并针对LQR控制中加权矩阵和难以确定的问题，进行了试验分析，从实际控制效果出发．找出了系统响应与和之间遵循的规律，为在利用该方法进行其它控制系统设计中和的选取提供了参考。     

Application of modern control concepts on a kraft paper machine

This is a case study from the DAPP project, the main goals of which were to furnish improved knowledge about computer control to the Norwegian paper industry, to install a computer system including some recently developed software systems, and finally to test some modern approaches in control theory to the automatic feedback regulation on sub-processes of a Kraft paper machine. In this paper, two such processes will be presented in some detail: Least Square Quadratic (L.S.Q.) Optimal control theory applied to the control of a pressurized headbox, and to the control of thick stock consistency control. The systems have been running in the mill almost continuously since 1972. Four years of experience proves that these systems were successful implementations of modern control theory.     

计算系统虚拟化平台的研究及实现

虚拟化技术是高性能计算系统规模化的关键技术。高能所计算资源虚拟实验床采用 OpenStack 云平台搭建环境。本文讨论了实现虚拟计算资源与计算系统相互融合的三个关键因素：网络架构设计、环境匹配和系统总体规划。本文首先讨论了虚拟网络架构。虚拟化平台通过部署 neutron 组件、OVS以及 802.1Q 协议来实现虚拟网络和物理网络的二层直连,通过配置物理交换机实现三层转发,避免了数据经过 OpenStack 网络节点转发的瓶颈。其次,虚拟计算资源要融入计算系统,需要与计算系统的各个组件进行信息的动态同步,以满足域名分配、自动化配置以及监视等系统的需要。文章介绍了自主开发的 NETDB 组件,该组件负责实现包括虚拟机与域名系统 (DNS)、自动化安装和管理系统 (puppet) 以及监视系统的信息动态同步等功能;最后,在系统总体规划中,文章讨论了包括统一认证、共享存储、自动化部署、规模扩展和镜像等内容。