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1.
提出一种用互相关接收方法抑制噪声,提高超声显象仪的分辨率,使图象清晰,以利于发现早期病变的检测方法。该方法同样适用于其他弱信号的处理。  相似文献   

2.
明兔 《微型计算机》2005,(18):143-147
在声音的漫漫旅程中,音箱是一个重要的驿站。它负责将放大后的电信号转换为声信号,传入人耳。那么.结构看似简单的音箱具体是如何进行这一工作的,还是让我们通过声音信号所走过的路程来了解吧。  相似文献   

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面向信号的测试方法可以更好地解决自动测试系统测试程序集可移植性和测试仪器可互换性的问题。IEEE1641标准规范了信号定义和描述模型。该文对IEEEl641标准做了简要的分析,描述了该标准下的信号模型,并通过分析该模型,结合实践对基本信号进行设计。然后依照ATML标准选择XML语言作为面向信号的自动测试系统信号的描述形式,并给出了部分信号描述。  相似文献   

5.
人工神经网络用于时域信号识别   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过模拟实验考察了人工神经网络识别时域信号的可能性,同时对某些影响人工神经网络性能的因素进行了观察。  相似文献   

6.
周期微弱信号的检测与跟踪   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文以实验为依据,阐述了用单板机实现对周期微弱信号的检测、恢复和跟踪技术,重点讨论了如下内容: 1.提出了漏值取样,在此基础上对传统的多点数字平均技术加以改进,给出了更加有效、适应性更强的漏值多点数字平均。2.对周期未知信号的检测和恢复方法。3.对周期蠕动的微弱信号的检测、恢复和自适应跟踪技术。  相似文献   

7.
傅立叶变换在信号处理中具有十分重要的作用,在语音信号处理中,傅立叶变换在传统上也一直起主要作用。然而,语音信号是一个非平稳过程,因此适用于周期信号、瞬变信号或平稳随机信号的标准傅立叶变换不能用来直接表示语音信号。本文利用傅立叶短时分析实现了对语音信号中敏感信息的提取,具有一定的实用性和创新性。  相似文献   

8.
为了能够从复杂电磁环境中提取常规通信信号的有效参数,研究了一种基于单天线接收的常规通信信号的实时分选方法。该方法由窄带信号检测、参数估计、信号跟踪三部分组成。提出了一种适用于高斯色噪声背景的窄带信号检测与参数估计的方法,给出了一种能够实时跟踪常规通信信号的算法。仿真结果表明,当信噪比高于0dB时,窄带信号检测方法的正确率为92%以上,分选算法能够从复杂电磁环境中提取常规通信信号的有效参数,具有一定的工程实用价值。  相似文献   

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强噪声中的未知非线性调频信号检测一直是实际检测领域中的一个难点问题.非线性调频信号的相位历史是关于时间的未知平滑函数,并且该函数不能或者很难用少量参数来建模.由于相位模型的缺失,我们提出一种基于接连分数阶Fourier变换和双特征检测的非参数化检测方法.检测方案包含3部分:首先,计算一个周期内接连角度的分数阶Fourier变换,将这些不同角度的变换结果构造成二维图像;然后,利用硬阈值处理获得二值图像,并利用多重中值滤波来去除该二值图像中的孤立噪声点,从而获得精炼的二值图像;最后,根据精炼图像提取2个互补的检测统计量,并通过双特征检测器判决目标是否存在.本文针对3类不同阶的多项式相位信号以及正弦相位信号的对比实验结果表明,提出的方法是有效且鲁棒的,并且获得了满意的检测性能.  相似文献   

12.
Many applications require the detection of unknown nonlinear frequency modulated (FM) signals in noise. In this paper, a nonlinear FM signal in one time interval is approximated by linear FM (LFM) segments in successive subintervals. Each LFM segment is parameterized by a 2-dimensional (2D) state vector and its evolution from a subinterval to the next one is modeled as a dynamic system of unknown statistics with linear state transition equations and nonlinear measurement equations. A forward–backward cost-reference particle filter (FB-CRPF) is proposed to estimate the state sequence. From the estimated state sequence, the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) statistic and the total variation (TV) statistic are computed for signal detection. In the 2D feature plane of the GLRT versus TV, the decision region of the null hypothesis at a given false alarm rate is determined by the 2D convexhull learning algorithm from noise-only training samples. Two kinds of simulated signals are used to test the proposed detector and results show that the proposed detector attains better performance than the two existing detectors.  相似文献   

13.
提出了一种基于DPT的宽带非线性调频信号的DOA估计算法.首先将非线性调频(NLFM)信号建模为高阶多项式相位信号(PPS)模型,然后通过高阶瞬时矩进行多项式相位变换.接收信号将变换为单个正弦信号和新的噪声.再利用ROOT-MUSIC或者ESPRIT算法对变换得到的正弦信号的波达方向进行估计.理论分析和仿真结果表明,该...  相似文献   

14.
This paper considers the design of low-order unknown input functional observers for robust fault detection and isolation of a class of nonlinear Lipschitz systems subject to unknown inputs. The proposed functional observers can be used to generate residual signals to detect and isolate actuator faults. By using the generalized inverse approach, the effect of the unknown inputs can be decoupled completely from the residual signals. Conditions for the existence and stability of reduced-order unknown input functional observer are derived. A design procedure for the generation of residual signals to detect and isolate actuator faults is presented using the proposed unknown-input observer-based approach. A numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed fault diagnosis scheme in nonlinear systems subject to unknown inputs.  相似文献   

15.
This paper develops an adaptive fuzzy control method for accommodating actuator faults in a class of unknown nonlinear systems with unmeasured states. The considered faults are modeled as lock-in-place (stuck at unknown place). With the help of fuzzy logic systems to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions, and K-filters are designed to estimate the unmeasured states. Combining the backstepping technique with the nonlinear fault-tolerant control theory, a novel adaptive fuzzy faults-tolerant control (FTC) approach is constructed. It is proved that the proposed control approach can guarantee that all the signals of the resulting closed-loop system are bounded and the tracking error between the system output and the reference signal converges to a small neighborhood of zero by appropriate choice of the design parameters. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the control approach.  相似文献   

16.
A class of unknown nonlinear systems subject to uncertain actuator faults and external disturbances will be studied in this paper with the help of fuzzy approximation theory. Using backstepping technique, a novel adaptive fuzzy control approach is proposed to accommodate the uncertain actuator faults during operation and deal with the external disturbances though the systems cannot be linearized by feedback. The considered faults are modeled as both loss of effectiveness and lock-in-place (stuck at some unknown place). It is proved that the proposed control scheme can guarantee all signals of the closed-loop system to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded and the tracking error between the system output and the reference signal converge to a small neighborhood of zero, though the nonlinear functions of the controlled system as well as the actuator faults and the external disturbances are all unknown. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control approach.  相似文献   

17.
本系统以MSP430单片机为控制核心,运用FPGA可编程逻辑器件及MSP430内部12位ADC实现对无源非线性端口网络导纳的测量。通过激励AD9850实现DDS信号输出,经AD811功率放大后,作为无源非线性端口网络的激励信号。将激励产生的电流信号经I/U转换后,分别送入AD637有效值检波电路和LM339整形电路,最后由ADC12采集检波后信号幅度,利用FPGA测量整形后电压信号的相位差,分别得到非线性端口网络的导纳数据,最终通过LCD显示无源非线性端口网络的导纳值与导纳角。  相似文献   

18.
An adaptive output feedback control methodology is developed for a class of uncertain multi-input multi-output nonlinear systems using linearly parameterized neural networks. The methodology can be applied to non-minimum phase systems if the non-minimum phase zeros are modeled to a sufficient accuracy. The control architecture is comprised of a linear controller and a neural network. The neural network operates over a tapped delay line of memory units, comprised of the system's input/output signals. The adaptive laws for the neural-network weights employ a linear observer of the nominal system's error dynamics. Ultimate boundedness of the error signals is shown through Lyapunov's direct method. Simulations of an inverted pendulum on a cart illustrate the theoretical results.  相似文献   

19.
线性调频波(LFM)为了降低旁瓣而进行加窗处理,这导致信噪比损失;目前的非线性调频(NLFM)信号中有很多是离散混沌调频信号,自相关旁瓣也较高。针对这一问题,提出利用初始值优化过后的连续混沌系统的变量进行调频,可获得自相函数旁瓣低至-3953 dB的调频信号。仿真结果表明,相比于加窗后的线性调频信号、离散混沌调频信号和离散混沌调相信号,连续混沌调频信号具有更好的旁瓣抑制效果,并且保持了混沌信号固有的抗干扰性能(ECCM)。  相似文献   

20.
Changes in a dynamical process are often detected by monitoring selected indicators directly obtained from the process observations, such as the mean values or variances. Standard change detection algorithms such as the Shewhart control charts or the cumulative sum (CUSUM) algorithm are often based on such first- and second-order statistics. Much better results can be obtained if the dynamical process is properly modeled, for example by a nonlinear state-space model, and then the accuracy of the model is monitored over time. The success of the latter approach depends largely on the quality of the model. In practical applications like industrial processes, the state variables, dynamics, and observation mapping are rarely known accurately. Learning from data must be used; however, methods for the simultaneous estimation of the state and the unknown nonlinear mappings are very limited. We use a novel method of learning a nonlinear state-space model, the nonlinear dynamical factor analysis (NDFA) algorithm. It takes a set of multivariate observations over time and fits blindly a generative dynamical latent variable model, resembling nonlinear independent component analysis. We compare the performance of the model in process change detection to various traditional methods. It is shown that NDFA outperforms the classical methods by a wide margin in a variety of cases where the underlying process dynamics changes.  相似文献   

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