基于CEEMD和小波包变换的重力数据信噪分离方法

为了有效地进行海洋重力测量数据的信噪分离,本文提出了基于互补总体经验模式分解(CEEMD)和小波包变换(WPT)的重力数据信噪分离方法。该方法利用CEEMD将海洋重力测量信号分解为从高频到低频的不同固有模式函数(IMF)分量以及趋势项,为进一步提取出各IMF分量中的有用重力信号,本文采用小波包变换对各IMF分量进行小波包分解降噪,最后将从各分量提取出的有用信号与趋势项进行信号重构,实现重力数据的信噪分离。本文通过仿真数据和实测数据对该方法进行了验证,结果表明本文提出的重力数据信噪分离方法能有效的抑制噪声干扰,保留有用的重力信号,实现较高精度的重力信号提取。     

基于EMD阈值方法的轴承故障振动信号去噪

针对随机噪声信号影响对有用信息的获取,提出了EMD分解阈值去噪方法,将小波阈值去噪原理应用于经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）中。首先对实际含噪信号进行EMD分解,根据分解后得到的内蕴模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Function,简称IMF分量）,采用自适应阈值去噪,进行信号重构,得到消噪后的信号,获取有用信息。将该方法应用于实际工程故障振动信号中分析研究表明,该方法可以获得较高的信噪比,能够对实际信号进行有效的故障特征频率提取,降噪后比降噪前的诊断效果更明显。     

基于心动周期和经验模式分解的心电信号去噪处理

针对现有心电信号（Electrocardiogram,ECG）去噪方法难以精准剥离与之频带重叠的肌电干扰并无损提取到“干净”ECG的问题,提出了利用心动周期和经验模式分解对含噪ECG进行去噪处理。本文方法首先对含噪ECG进行经验模式分解,然后利用心动周期判断固有模态函数分量属于噪声还是有用信号,最后将有用信号的固有模态函数分量重构ECG。为验证本文去噪方法,首先采用ECG动力学仿真模型评估本文方法在不同参数噪声下的去噪效果;其次选取MIT-BIH数据库中的基线漂移信号bw,肌电干扰信号ma和105号、107号、123号ECG分别构建3组真实含噪ECG进行实验。评估与实验结果均表明本文方法可以简单、有效地同时去除ECG中的肌电干扰和基线漂移,去噪效果优于普通经验法。     

Hilbert-Huang变换在语音去噪中的应用

研究语音信号噪声抑制问题,针对噪声污染干扰正确语音的传输,传统采用的HHT噪声抑制方法有多尺度滤波和阈值去噪,对所有的IMF分量进行处理,没有将IMF分量中的有用信号和噪声信号区别开来,去噪效果受到抑制.为使去噪效果更好,提出一种新的基于能量分析的阈值去噪方法,对含噪信号经过Hilbert-Huang变换后的IMF分量,对于信号和噪声能量分布的特点进行能量分析,将加噪信号中有用信号和噪声信号分离开,再利用阈值去噪方法完成去噪.通过仿真,可观察出语音信号的噪声得到了抑制,能够准确识别语音信号,并且比小波方法简单,不用选择小波基和确定分解层数,不用选择判断阈值,就能够达到或接近小波去噪的水平.     

基于CEEMDAN的MEMS加速度计输出信号降噪方法

针对微机电系统(MEMS)加速度计输出信号存在误差,导致高压输电杆塔倾斜监测系统的输出倾角数据精确度不高的问题,提出了一种基于自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)联合奇异值分解(SVD)对杆塔的加速度计输出信号降噪方法。利用CEEMDAN对原始加速度计输出信号进行分解,得到一系列模态分量,分别计算其排列熵(PE),筛选出特征分量和含噪特征分量,然后再将需进一步降噪的特征分量通过SVD进行二次滤波,最后将降噪后的特征分量与未处理的特征分量进行叠加即得到降噪后的加速度计输出信号。仿真实验结果表明,所提出的方法可以有效地抑制噪声干扰,通过与扩展卡尔曼滤波和CEEMDAN-PE对比说明该方法滤波效果更好,有效提高了加速度信号分析精度和杆塔倾斜角测量精度。     

改进的EMD算法及其在含噪盲扰信分离中的应用

针对经验模态分解(EMD)降噪算法存在因表示噪声的内蕴模态函数(IMF)分量选择不当而引起的降噪性能不稳定的问题,对其进行改进,加入对噪声水平的估计,并将噪声阈值作为分解结束的判决门限,避免了对噪声IMF分量的选择。在此基础上,联合小波变换进行降噪,并应用于含噪盲扰信分离中。仿真表明在一定范围的低信噪比条件下,该算法增强了盲扰信分离的抗噪声性能,可将源信号从染噪的观测信号中有效地分离出来。     

基于变分模态分解的直肠压力信号预处理研究

针对依托于人工肛门括约肌系统的直肠功能诊断模型中采集信号存在大量干扰噪声的问题,提出了一种基于变分模态分解(VMD)算法与小波加权平均阈值去噪结合的预处理方法。利用VMD算法对原始直肠压力信号进行分解,对各模态分量进行小波阈值去噪,提取出有用信号进行重构。通过仿真比较分析该方法与EMD、小波阈值去噪等方法的去噪效果。实验结果表明,该方法在不同噪声水平下均显著提高输出信号的信噪比,同时避免原始信号中有用信息的丢失,具有良好的去噪效果,对直肠功能诊断的准确性具有重要意义。     

基于VMD和小波阈值的ECG肌电干扰去噪处理

针对现有心电信号肌电干扰去噪方法的不足,本文提出利用变分模态分解和小波阈值相结合的方法对心电信号肌电干扰进行去噪处理,该方法通过对含噪心电信号进行变分模态分解,确定信号主导模态分量与噪声主导模态分量,噪声主导模态分量的小波阈值变换和重构无噪心电信号,共四步实现对含有肌电干扰的心电信号的去噪处理。其中,通过分析研究所有模态分量中心频率的分布,确定变分模态分解的层数,多组仿真与真实含噪心电信号的相关实验表明。本文所提出的去噪方法可有效去除心电信号中的肌电干扰,且去噪效果优于小波阈值法、变分模态分解法和经验模式分解法。     

EMD消噪在取样光栅滤波器设计中的应用

通过改变取样光栅的各参数来仿真其反射谱,调试出四种基于取样光纤光栅的光学梳状滤波器。为了优化取样光栅梳状滤波器功能,提出了利用经验模态分解对信号进行滤波分析和降噪处理的方法。该方法是将经验模态分解得到的固有模态函数,分为信号分量起主导作用模态与噪音分量起主导作用模态,去除噪音分量起主导作用模态,并利用反映信号主要结构的模态对信号进行重构实现去噪。文中最后以一种含噪声的反射谱为例,进行降噪后得到平滑的反射谱。     

基于阈值的小波域语音降噪新算法

提出了一种新的基于阈值的小波域语音降噪算法。采用小波包对含噪语音进行分解，克服了传统的正交小波变换的缺陷。采用自适应阈值的方法，对每一尺度上的噪声最大量进行去噪，保留有用信号，可以进一步提高信噪比，仿真实验表明，该方法有更好的去噪效果。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate