机器故障的柔性加工与装配作业车间分批联合调度算法

针对传统的加工与装配分阶段独立调度中资源利用率不高的问题,将加工与装配联合同时进行调度。在考虑工件批量和批次的前提下提出一种改进遗传算法求解该问题,以最小化最大完工时间为优化目标建立数学模型,根据问题特性提出一种工件末工序前移的邻域结构,提升了算法的局部搜索能力进而改善整体求解质量。设计了一种基于装配设备负载均衡的混合贪婪解码方法,完成了装配设备选择。考虑到实际车间中机器故障的特点,提出了相应的响应策略和染色体更改规则,解决了动态调度问题。最后通过算例分析验证了所提算法和策略求解该问题的可行性和有效性。     

改进果蝇算法求解混合流水车间调度问题

针对混合流水车间调度问题(HFSP),本文提出了一种新的基于果蝇算法和变邻域搜索的混合优化方法.首先,将关键块内的工序与同阶段其他机器上的工序进行交换,提出了一种基于关键路径的HFSP新邻域结构.其次,针对HFSP的阶段式解码特性,提出了一种邻域解的快速评估方法,并验证了快速评估方法的高效性.然后,基于提出的新邻域结构,并将N7和K-insertion邻域结构引入HFSP,设计了基于上述3种邻域结构的变邻域搜索方法,以此为基础提出了一种针对HFSP的混合优化方法.最后,通过对Carlier和Liao等经典测试集进行测试,验证了所提新邻域结构的可行性和有效性,并将该方法与其他文献的方法进行了对比,验证了所提方法的优越性.     

变邻域杂草算法在多目标柔性作业车间调度中的应用*

针对最小化最大完工时间、总机床负荷最小及最大负载最小的多目标柔性作业车间调度问题,提出了变邻域杂草算法。首先,基于随机键编码方式,构造单链杂草,实现了杂草空间到调度空间的映射。其次,迭代后期执行变邻域搜索,对精英杂草局部深入挖掘,并通过反解码过程将调度空间的优良解反馈回杂草空间。对比实验表明,变邻域杂草算法在求解多目标基准问题时,非劣解集中解的数量和质量有一定优势。变邻域杂草算法是求解多目标柔性作业车间调度问题的有效方法。     

染缸排产建模及滑动时间窗启发式调度算法

针对染缸排产问题约束复杂、任务规模大、排产效率要求高的特点,为了提高问题模型和算法在实际场景中的适用性,建立了染缸排产增量调度模型,提出了滑动时间窗启发式调度（STWS）算法。该算法以最小化延误代价、洗缸成本、染缸切换成本为优化目标,使用启发式调度规则,按照优先级顺序调度产品;对于每个产品的调度,先用动态拼缸算法和拆缸算法进行批次划分,然后调用批次最佳排序算法调度批次。使用某染纱企业车间实际生产数据仿真调度,所提算法可在10 s内完成月度计划的调度。相对于人工排产方式,所提算法提高了排产效率,显著优化了三个目标,在增量调度中洗缸成本和染缸切换成本也有明显优化。实验结果表明所提算法具有很好的调度能力。     

两级差分进化算法求解多资源作业车间批量调度问题

以优化生产周期为目标,研究并建立了多资源作业车间批量调度问题模型.提出一种新的两级差分进化算法,采用两级染色体编码来解决批量划分和排序优化问题;设计了基于自适应差分进化算法(DE)的全局搜索操作,并在算法框架中嵌入了基于Interchange邻域结构的局部搜索;基于等量划分原则,为每个工件确定最优批次数及子批次的批量大小,并为各子批次确定最优排序.通过单资源算例和多资源实例仿真表明了模型和算法的可行性和有效性.     

无等待流水车间调度问题的优化

文中研究了以生产周期为目标的无等待流水车间调度问题.首先,结合问题特征,提出了一种复杂度为O(n)的快速生产周期算法.其次,研究了两种插入邻域结构:基本插入邻域和多重插入邻域,并提出了快速基本插入邻域算法和最大多重插入移动算法.在此基础上,将离散粒子群算法与上述两种邻域搜索算法相结合,得到了离散粒子群优化调度算法.第三,根据问题生产周期的不规则性,给出了一种通过延长工序加工时间进一步改进调度方案的方法.最后,仿真实验表明了所得算法的可行性和有效性.     

基于混合元启发式算法的订单分批问题

订单拣选是仓库运营管理中一项高劳动强度与高成本的操作,拣货员在仓库中从货位拣选出满足订单需求的货物.订单分批问题(order batching problem, OBP)是订单拣选中的重要规划问题,该问题以最小化拣选批次路径时长为目标,将用户订单分配至拣选批次中.首先,为了优化订单分配构造高质量批次,提出一种混合元启发式算法,在自适应大邻域搜索框架中融入基于不可行下降的局部搜索,同时引入自适应惩罚机制和一批基于订单与基于批次的移除启发式以及新的算法组件;其次,为了优化拣选路径进一步降低批次旅行时间,提出单向启发式,利用动态规划优化组合多个路径策略.实验表明,在合理计算时间内,所提出算法的求解质量优于多重启变邻域搜索(MS-VNS)、混合自适应大邻域搜索及禁忌搜索(ALNS/TS),而且所提出算法的最大路径长度减少率达到22.36%.     

基于改进离散和声算法的批量流水线调度研究

针对批量流水线调度问题,提出了以总流经时间为目标的改进离散和声算法。与基本的和声算法相比,该算法首先采用了基于工件序列的编码方式,使其直接应用于调度问题,同时运用NEH和SWAP方法产生初始和声库,保证了初始种群具有较高的质量和多样性。使用自适应和声微调概率参数和INSERT方法产生新解,提高了算法的优化性能。为了提高算法的局部搜索能力,结合交换扰动策略和插入邻域搜索算法给出了两种混合求解策略。仿真实验表明所提算法的有效性。     

离散多种群入侵杂草优化算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题

针对柔性作业车间调度问题(FJSP)的特点,在基本入侵杂草优化算法原理的基础上,提出一种离散多种群入侵杂草优化算法.该算法引入多种群思想且在算法初期不进行种群交流,在各种群内采用交叉算子进行交流.当空间扩展时,采用自适应变异位数策略和领域搜索策略,提高了算法初期的全局搜索和后期的局部挖掘能力.在算法后期进行种群交流,提高了算法的收敛速度和寻优精度.将该算法用于柔性作业车间调度问题,且在解码时提出一种矩阵解码法.计算实例验证了所提出算法的有效性和优越性.     

求解具有混合约束流水车间调度问题的迭代贪婪算法

流水车间调度问题是具有典型工程应用背景的组合优化问题,对该问题的研究具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。基于传统的流水车间调度问题,提出一种有限等待约束、阻塞约束以及无等待约束共存的混合约束流水车间调度问题。以问题的最小化最大完工时间为目标,提出一种利用迭代贪婪算法进行求解的方法,该方法利用改进的NEH算法计算初始解,通过迭代贪婪算法进行优化,并设计多点交叉策略和插入邻域搜索策略提高解的质量。通过经典实例测试,验证了所提算法的有效性。     

An effective discrete invasive weed optimization algorithm for lot-streaming flowshop scheduling problems

Lot-streaming scheduling problem has been an active area of research due to its important applications in modern industries. This paper deals with the lot-streaming flowshop problem with sequence-dependent setup times with makespan criterion. An effective discrete invasive weed optimization (DIWO) algorithm is presented with new characteristics. A job permutation representation is utilized and an adapted Nawaz–Enscore–Ham heuristic is employed to ensure an initial weed colony with a certain level of quality. A new spatial dispersal model is designed based on the normal distribution and the property of tangent function to enhance global search. A local search procedure based on the insertion neighborhood is employed to perform local exploitation. The presented DIWO is calibrated by means of the design of experiments approach. A comparative evaluation is carried out with several best performing algorithms based on a total of 280 randomly generated instances. The numerical experiments show that the presented DIWO algorithm produces significantly better results than the competing algorithms and it constitutes a new state-of-the-art solution for the lot-streaming flowshop problem with sequence-dependent setup times with makespan criterion.     

A hybrid genetic algorithm with multiple decoding methods for energy-aware remanufacturing system scheduling problem

Remanufacturing system scheduling is an essential and effective approach to realize the digitization and greening of the remanufacturing industry. However, previous researches on the remanufacturing system scheduling problem mainly consider a single or two production stages and economic objectives. In this paper, by integrating the three core production stages, i.e., disassembly, reprocessing and reassembly together, we study the energy-aware remanufacturing system scheduling problem in which the well-accepted Turn Off and On strategy is also considered. First, a mathematical model aiming at minimizing the total energy consumption (TEC) of the remanufacturing system is established. Then, a hybrid genetic algorithm based on variable neighborhood search (GAVNS) solution method is proposed, given the NP-hard nature of the problem. In GAVNS, each chromosome is encoded by a job sequence and three different decoding methods are specially designed according to the formation of optimization objective TEC. To enhance the algorithm's local search capability, the variable neighborhood search technique is introduced. The feasibility and effectiveness of GAVNS in addressing the energy-aware remanufacturing system scheduling problem is verified through simulation experiments on a set of designed test instances. Experimental results also demonstrate that: (1) the Turn Off and On strategy can effectively reduce TEC of the remanufacturing system, which can reach an energy saving rate of 6.68%; (2) the performance of those decoding methods varies with respect to the problem size; (3) the decoding method based on minimizing the energy consumption of the remanufacturing system (namely DM3) has the best performance among the three decoding methods in most cases; (4) GAVNS is more effective than its four peers, i.e., a variant GAVNS_R, iterated greedy algorithm (IG), extended artificial bee colony algorithm (EABC), discrete invasive weed optimization algorithm (DIWO) in seeking the optimal schedule.     

Bi-criteria flexible job-shop scheduling with sequence-dependent setup times—Variable neighborhood search approach

In scheduling problems, taking the sequence-dependent setup times into account is one of the important issues that have recently been considered by researchers in the production scheduling field. In this paper, we consider flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP) with sequence-dependent setup times to minimize makespan and mean tardiness. The FJSP consists of two sub-problems from which the first one is to assign each operation to a machine out of a set of capable machines, and the second one deals with sequencing the assigned operations on all machines. To solve this problem, a variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm based on integrated approach is proposed. In the presented optimization method, the external loop controlled the stop condition of algorithm and the internal loop executed the search process. To search the solution space, the internal loop used two main search engines, i.e. shake and local search procedures. In addition, neighborhood structures related to the sequencing problem and the assignment problem were employed to generate neighboring solutions. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, 20 test problems in different sizes are randomly generated. Consequently, computational results and comparisons validate the quality of the proposed approach.     

基于新型教学优化算法的低碳柔性作业车间调度

针对低碳柔性作业车间调度问题,提出一种基于新型优化机理的教学优化(TLBO)算法,以同时最小化总碳排放和平均延迟时间.利用3个串对问题的3个子问题单独编码,其主要步骤为教师的自学阶段和教学阶段,并运用多邻域搜索和全局搜索分别模拟教师的自学和教学活动.计算实验和结果分析表明,TLBO对于所研究的问题具有较强的搜索能力.     

改进灰狼优化算法求解模糊车间调度问题

模糊车间调度问题是复杂调度的经典体现,针对此问题设计优秀的调度方案能提高生产效率。目前对于模糊车间调度问题的研究主要集中在单目标上,因此提出一种改进的灰狼优化算法（improved grey wolf optimization,IGWO）求解以最小化模糊完成时间和最小化模糊机器总负载的双目标模糊柔性作业车间调度问题。该算法首先采用双层编码将IGWO离散化,设计一种基于HV贡献度的策略提高种群多样性;然后使用强化学习方法确定全局和局部的搜索参数,改进两种交叉算子协助个体在不同更新模式下的进化;接着使用两级变邻域和四种替换策略提高局部搜索能力;最后在多个测例上进行多组实验分析验证改进策略的有效性。在多数测例上,IGWO的性能要优于对比算法,具有良好的收敛性和分布性。     

一种求解车间调度的混合算法

针对流水车间作业调度问题, 提出了一种基于``alldifferent'约束的混合进化算法(Hybrid particle and genetic algorithm, HPGA), 将粒子群算法、遗传操作及模拟退火策略有效地结合在一起. 为了提高算法的求解质量, 引入了一种随机邻域搜索策略. 最后将此算法在不同规模的实例上进行了测试, 并与其他几种最近提出的具有代表性的算法进行了比较. 结果表明, 无论是在求解质量还是收敛速度方面都优于其他几种算法.     

求解工件车间调度问题的一种新的邻域搜索算法

该文提出了一种新的求解工件车间调度(job shop scheduling)问题的邻域搜索算法．问题的目标是：在满足约束条件的前提下使得调度的makespan尽可能地小．定义了一种新的优先分配规则以生成初始解;定义了一种新的邻域结构;将邻域搜索跟单机调度结合在一起;提出了跳坑策略以跳出局部最优解并且将搜索引向有希望的方向．计算了当前国际文献中的一组共58个benchmark问题实例,算法的优度高于当前国外学者提出的两种著名的先进算法．其中对18个10工件10机器的实例,包括最著名的难解实例ft10,在可接受的时间内都找到了最优解．这些实例是当前文献中报导的所有规模为10工件10机器的实例．     

Improved genetic algorithm based on multi-layer encoding approach for integrated process planning and scheduling problem

Integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) is of great significance for modern manufacturing enterprises to achieve high efficiency in manufacturing and maximize resource utilization. In this paper, the integration strategy and solution method of IPPS problem are deeply studied, and an improved genetic algorithm based on multi-layer encoding (IGA-ML) is proposed to solve the IPPS problem. Firstly, considering the interaction ability between the two subsystems and the multi-flexibility characteristics of the IPPS problem, a new multi-layer integrated encoding method is designed. The encoding method includes feature layer, operation layer, machine layer and scheduling layer, which respectively correspond to the four sub-problems of IPPS problem, which provides a premise for a more flexible and deeper exploration in the solution space. Then, based on the coupling characteristics of process planning and shop scheduling, six evolutionary operators are designed to change the four-layer coding interdependently and independently. Two crossover operators change the population coding in the unit of jobs, and search the solution space globally. The four mutation operators change the population coding in the unit of gene and search the solution space locally. The six operators are used in series and iteratively optimized to ensure a fine balance between the global exploration ability and the local exploitation ability of the algorithm. Finally, performance of IGA-ML is verified by testing on 44 examples of 14 benchmarks. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can find better solutions (better than the optimal solutions found so far) on some problems, and it is an effective method to solve the IPPS problem with the maximum completion time as the optimization goal.     

含忽略工序和不相关机的混合流水车间调度

研究从炼钢等生产过程提炼出的含忽略工序和不相关并行机的混合流水车间调度问题,以最小化最大完工时间为目标,建立整数规划模型,并提出结合全局搜索、自适应遗传算法和候鸟优化的遗传候鸟优化算法以求解该模型。在算法中采用与处理时间相关的全局搜索和随机程序以获得初始种群,提出自适应交叉和变异操作改进遗传算法解,在迭代进程中,引入基于工件、机器和工序位3种邻域搜索结构的候鸟优化算法更新最佳解。仿真实验中将遗传候鸟优化算法的实验结果与几种启发式算法进行对比,证明了模型和算法的有效性。